hypothéser
French
Etymology
hypothèse + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.pɔ.te.ze/
Audio (Lyon, France) (file)
Verb
hypothéser
- (rare) to hypothesize
- Synonyms: conjecturer, supposer
Usage notes
Rarely used. The usual French expression is faire l'hypothèse (que) (literally “to make the hypothesis (that)”).
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written ‘é’) and /ɛ/ (written ‘è’), with the latter being used before mute ‘e’.One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written hypothéser-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written hypothèser-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.
| infinitive | simple | hypothéser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | hypothésant /i.pɔ.te.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | hypothésé /i.pɔ.te.ze/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | hypothèse /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | hypothèses /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | hypothèse /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | hypothésons /i.pɔ.te.zɔ̃/ | hypothésez /i.pɔ.te.ze/ | hypothèsent /i.pɔ.tɛz/ |
| imperfect | hypothésais /i.pɔ.te.zɛ/ | hypothésais /i.pɔ.te.zɛ/ | hypothésait /i.pɔ.te.zɛ/ | hypothésions /i.pɔ.te.zjɔ̃/ | hypothésiez /i.pɔ.te.zje/ | hypothésaient /i.pɔ.te.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | hypothésai /i.pɔ.te.ze/ | hypothésas /i.pɔ.te.za/ | hypothésa /i.pɔ.te.za/ | hypothésâmes /i.pɔ.te.zam/ | hypothésâtes /i.pɔ.te.zat/ | hypothésèrent /i.pɔ.te.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | hypothèserai or hypothéserai /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁe/ | hypothèseras or hypothéseras /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁa/ | hypothèsera or hypothésera /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁa/ | hypothèserons or hypothéserons /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁɔ̃/ | hypothèserez or hypothéserez /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁe/ | hypothèseront or hypothéseront /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | hypothèserais or hypothéserais /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁɛ/ | hypothèserais or hypothéserais /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁɛ/ | hypothèserait or hypothéserait /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁɛ/ | hypothèserions or hypothéserions /i.pɔ.tɛ.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ | hypothèseriez or hypothéseriez /i.pɔ.tɛ.zə.ʁje/ | hypothèseraient or hypothéseraient /i.pɔ.tɛz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | hypothèse /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | hypothèses /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | hypothèse /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | hypothésions /i.pɔ.te.zjɔ̃/ | hypothésiez /i.pɔ.te.zje/ | hypothèsent /i.pɔ.tɛz/ |
| imperfect2 | hypothésasse /i.pɔ.te.zas/ | hypothésasses /i.pɔ.te.zas/ | hypothésât /i.pɔ.te.za/ | hypothésassions /i.pɔ.te.za.sjɔ̃/ | hypothésassiez /i.pɔ.te.za.sje/ | hypothésassent /i.pɔ.te.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | hypothèse /i.pɔ.tɛz/ | — | hypothésons /i.pɔ.te.zɔ̃/ | hypothésez /i.pɔ.te.ze/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is only usable with the preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||