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单词 algebra
释义

algebra

See also: Algebra, álgebra, àlgebra, algebrā, algebră, alġebra, and algebrą

English

Etymology

From Medieval Latin algebrāica, from Arabic word الْجَبْر (al-jabr, reunion, resetting of broken parts) in the title of al-Khwarizmi's influential work الْكِتَاب الْمُخْتَصَر فِي حِسَاب الْجَبْر وَالْمُقَابَلَة (al-kitāb al-muḵtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing).

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈæl.dʒɪ.bɹə/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈæl.d͡ʒɪ.bɹə/, /ˈæl.d͡ʒə.bɹə/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -iːbɹə

Noun

algebra (countable and uncountable, plural algebras)

  1. (uncountable, mathematics) A system for computation using letters or other symbols to represent numbers, with rules for manipulating these symbols.
    • 1551, James A.H. Murray, editor, A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles: Founded Mainly on the Materials Collected by the Philological Society., volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1888, Part 1, page 217:
      Also the rule of false position, with dyuers examples not only vulgar, but some appertaynyng to the rule of Algeber.
    • 1854, George Boole, “Signs and their Laws”, in An Investigation of the Laws of Thought, on which are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities, London: Walton and Maberly, page 37:
      Let us conceive, then, of an Algebra in which the symbols x, y, z, &c. admit indifferently of the values 0 and 1, and of these values alone.
  2. (uncountable, medicine, historical, rare) The surgical treatment of a dislocated or fractured bone. Also (countable): a dislocation or fracture.
    • a1420, The British Museum Additional MS, 12,056, “Wounds complicated by the Dislocation of a Bone”, in Robert von Fleischhacker, editor, Lanfranc's "Science of cirurgie.", London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co, translation of original by Lanfranc of Milan, published 1894, →ISBN, page 63:
      Ne take noon hede to brynge togidere þe parties of þe boon þat is to-broken or dislocate, til viij. daies ben goon in þe wyntir, & v. in þe somer; for þanne it schal make quytture, and be sikir from swellynge; & þanne brynge togidere þe brynkis eiþer þe disiuncture after þe techynge þat schal be seid in þe chapitle of algebra.
    • 1987, John Newsome Crossley, “Latency”, in The emergence of number, Singapore: World Scientific, →ISBN, Al-Khwarizwi, page 65:
      Algebra is used today by surgeons to mean bone-setting, i.e. the restoration of bones, and the idea of restoration is present in the mathematical context, too.
  3. (uncountable, mathematics) The study of algebraic structures.
  4. (countable, mathematics) A universal algebra.
  5. (countable, algebra) An algebraic structure consisting of a module over a commutative ring (or a vector space over a field) along with an additional binary operation that is bilinear over module (or vector) addition and scalar multiplication.
    Synonyms: algebra over a field, algebra over a ring
    • 2018 March 23, Wikipedia contributors, “Lie algebra”, in English Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, revision 831953572:
      In mathematics, a Lie algebra (pronounced /liː/ "Lee") is a vector space together with a non-associative, alternating bilinear map , called the Lie bracket, satisfying the Jacobi identity.
  6. (countable, set theory, mathematical analysis) A collection of subsets of a given set, such that this collection contains the empty set, and the collection is closed under unions and complements (and thereby also under intersections and differences).
    Synonyms: field of sets, algebra of sets
    Hypernym: ring
    Hyponym: σ-algebra
  7. (countable, mathematics) One of several other types of mathematical structure.
  8. (figurative) A system or process, that is like algebra by substituting one thing for another, or in using signs, symbols, etc., to represent concepts or ideas.
    • 1663, William Clark, William Hugh Logan, editor, Marciano; or, The discovery: A tragi-comedy, Edinburgh: Reprinted for Private Circulation, published 1871, →ISBN, page 13:
      Fly ! Fly ! avaunt with that base cowardly gibbrish ; That Algebra of honour ; which had never Been nam'd, if all had equal courage—what?

Derived terms

  • Abelian algebra
  • abelian algebra
  • abstract algebra
  • Albert algebra
  • algebraist
  • algebralike
  • algebra over a field
  • algebra over a ring
  • alternative algebra
  • anti-algebra
  • antialgebra
  • associative algebra
  • Azumaya algebra
  • bialgebra
  • Boolean algebra
  • Borel σ-algebra
  • central simple algebra
  • Clifford algebra
  • coalgebra
  • combinatorial commutative algebra
  • commutative algebra
  • composition algebra
  • De Morgan algebra
  • dialgebra
  • division algebra
  • elementary algebra
  • finite algebra
  • free algebra
  • free Boolean algebra
  • Grassmann algebra
  • hard as Chinese algebra
  • Heyting algebra
  • homological algebra
  • Hopf algebra
  • Hurwitz algebra
  • hyperalgebra
  • Jordan algebra
  • Kac-Moody algebra
  • k-algebra
  • Kleene algebra
  • Leibniz algebra
  • Lie algebra
  • linear algebra
  • Loday algebra
  • Maharam algebra
  • matrix algebra
  • modern algebra
  • multialgebra
  • non-associative algebra
  • numerical linear algebra
  • Ockham algebra
  • polynomial algebra
  • power-associative algebra
  • prealgebra
  • pseudoalgebra
  • quasibialgebra
  • reduced algebra
  • semialgebra
  • simple algebra
  • subalgebra
  • subalgebrae
  • submultialgebra
  • superalgebra
  • superbialgebra
  • superdialgebra
  • switching algebra
  • universal algebra
  • vector algebra
  • Weyl algebra
  • Zinbiel algebra
  • σ-algebra
  • algebraic
  • algebraical
  • algebraically
  • algebraist
  • algorithm

Translations

Anagrams

  • Labarge

Czech

Etymology

From Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr, reunion, resetting of broken parts); see also the English algebra.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈalɡɛbra]

Noun

algebra f

  1. algebra

Declension

Derived terms

  • Booleova algebra
  • booleovská algebra
  • algebraický

Further reading

  • algebra in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • algebra in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr).

Noun

algebra c (singular definite algebraen, not used in plural form)

  1. (mathematics) algebra (using symbols)
  2. (mathematics) algebra (study of algebraical structures)

Declension


Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch algebra, from Latin algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑl.ɣəˌbraː/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: al‧ge‧bra

Noun

algebra f (uncountable)

  1. (mathematics) algebra
    Synonyms: stelkunde, stelkunst

Derived terms

  • algebraïcus
  • algebraïsch
  • algebraïst
  • lineaire algebra

Finnish

Etymology

From English algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر‎ (al-jabr).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑlɡebrɑ/, [ˈɑlɡe̞brɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɡebrɑ
  • Syllabification(key): al‧geb‧ra

Noun

algebra

  1. algebra

Declension

Inflection of algebra (Kotus type 11/omena, no gradation)
nominativealgebraalgebrat
genitivealgebranalgebrien
algebroiden
algebroitten
partitivealgebraaalgebria
algebroita
illativealgebraanalgebriin
algebroihin
singularplural
nominativealgebraalgebrat
accusativenom.algebraalgebrat
gen.algebran
genitivealgebranalgebrien
algebroiden
algebroitten
algebrojenrare
algebrainrare
partitivealgebraaalgebria
algebroita
algebrojarare
inessivealgebrassaalgebroissa
algebrissa
elativealgebrastaalgebroista
algebrista
illativealgebraanalgebriin
algebroihin
adessivealgebrallaalgebroilla
algebrilla
ablativealgebraltaalgebroilta
algebrilta
allativealgebrallealgebroille
algebrille
essivealgebranaalgebroina
algebrina
translativealgebraksialgebroiksi
algebriksi
instructivealgebroin
algebrin
abessivealgebrattaalgebroitta
algebritta
comitativealgebroineen
algebrineen
Possessive forms of algebra (type omena)
possessorsingularplural
1st personalgebranialgebramme
2nd personalgebrasialgebranne
3rd personalgebransa

Hungarian

Etymology

From Latin algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɒlɡɛbrɒ]
  • Hyphenation: al‧geb‧ra
  • Rhymes: -rɒ

Noun

algebra

  1. (mathematics) algebra (a system for computation using letters or other symbols to represent numbers, with rules for manipulating these symbols)
  2. (education) algebra (the study of algebra as a school subject)
    Tudnál segíteni algebrában?Could you help me with my algebra?

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singularplural
nominativealgebraalgebrák
accusativealgebrátalgebrákat
dativealgebránakalgebráknak
instrumentalalgebrávalalgebrákkal
causal-finalalgebráértalgebrákért
translativealgebráváalgebrákká
terminativealgebráigalgebrákig
essive-formalalgebrakéntalgebrákként
essive-modal
inessivealgebrábanalgebrákban
superessivealgebránalgebrákon
adessivealgebránálalgebráknál
illativealgebrábaalgebrákba
sublativealgebráraalgebrákra
allativealgebráhozalgebrákhoz
elativealgebrábólalgebrákból
delativealgebrárólalgebrákról
ablativealgebrátólalgebráktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
algebráéalgebráké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
algebráéialgebrákéi
Possessive forms of algebra
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.algebrámalgebráim
2nd person sing.algebrádalgebráid
3rd person sing.algebrájaalgebrái
1st person pluralalgebránkalgebráink
2nd person pluralalgebrátokalgebráitok
3rd person pluralalgebrájukalgebráik

Derived terms

  • algebrai

References

  1. Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Further reading

  • algebra in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • algebra in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)

Italian

Etymology

From Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr, reunion, resetting of broken parts).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈal.d͡ʒe.bra/
  • Rhymes: -aldʒebra
  • Hyphenation: àl‧ge‧bra

Noun

algebra f (plural algebre)

  1. algebra
  • algebrico
  • algebrista

Anagrams

  • alberga

Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr, reunion, resetting of broken parts).

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈal.ɡe.bra/, [ˈäɫ̪ɡɛbrä]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈal.d͡ʒe.bra/, [ˈäl̠ʲd͡ʒebrä]

Noun

algebra f (genitive algebrae); first declension

  1. (Medieval Latin, New Latin) algebra

Declension

First-declension noun.

CaseSingularPlural
Nominativealgebraalgebrae
Genitivealgebraealgebrārum
Dativealgebraealgebrīs
Accusativealgebramalgebrās
Ablativealgebrāalgebrīs
Vocativealgebraalgebrae

References

  • algebra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Latvian

Algebras formula

Etymology

Via other European languages, ultimately from Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr, reunion, resetting of broken parts) in the title of al-Khwarizmi's influential work الْكِتَاب الْمُخْتَصَر فِي حِسَاب اَلْجَبْر وَالْمُقَابَلَة (al-kitāb al-muḵtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala, The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [alɡɛbɾa]
(file)

Noun

algebra f (4th declension)

  1. algebra is a branch of mathematics that studies generic numbers ('variables') regardless of their actual numeric value; the corresponding school subject
    algebras formulaalgebraic formula
    algebras specialistsalgebra specialist
    algebras mācību grāmataalgebra textbook
    algebras stundaalgebra class, lesson
    risināt, atrisināt algebras uzdevumuto solve an algebra problem
    algebra ir viena no matematikas pamatnozarēmalgebra is one of the fundamental branches of mathematics

Declension

Derived terms

  • algebrisks

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr), via Medieval Latin algebra.

Noun

algebra m (definite singular algebraen, indefinite plural algebraer, definite plural algebraene)

  1. (mathematics) algebra
  2. an algebra textbook

Derived terms

  • algebraisk
  • lineær algebra

References

  • “algebra” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr), via Medieval Latin algebra.

Noun

algebra m (definite singular algebraen, indefinite plural algebraer, definite plural algebraene)

  1. (mathematics) algebra
  2. an algebra textbook

Derived terms

  • algebraisk
  • lineær algebra

References

  • “algebra” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Internationalism; compare English algebra. Possibly borrowed from German Algebra, French algèbre, or Spanish álgebra, ultimately from Medieval Latin algebra, from Arabic الْجَبْر (al-jabr) “reunion”, “resetting of broken parts”, used in the title of al-Khwarizmi’s influential work الْكِتَاب الْمُخْتَصَر فِي حِسَاب الْجَبْر وَالْمُقَابَلَة (al-kitāb al-muḵtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa-l-muqābala, the compendious book on restoration and equating like with like).[1][2] First attested in 1654–1676.[3]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /alˈɡɛb.ra/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛbra
  • Syllabification: al‧geb‧ra

Noun

algebra f

  1. algebra (field of mathematics)

Declension

Derived terms

adjective
  • algebraiczny
adverb
  • algebraicznie
nouns
  • algebra abstrakcyjna
  • algebraik

Collocations

References

  1. Mirosław Bańko; Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  2. Andrzej Bańkowski (2000) Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (in Polish)
  3. Barbara Rykiel-Kempf (06.05.2009), “ALGEBRA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
  • Pęzik, Piotr; Przepiórkowski, A.; Bańko, M.; Górski, R.; Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B (2012) Wyszukiwarka PELCRA dla danych NKJP. Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Polish Language Corpus, PELCRA search engine], Wydawnictwo PWN

Further reading

  • algebra in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • algebra in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), algiebra”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), algiebra”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), algiebra”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 24

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ǎlɡeːbra/
  • Hyphenation: al‧ge‧bra

Noun

àlgēbra f (Cyrillic spelling а̀лге̄бра)

  1. algebra

Declension


Spanish

Noun

algebra

  1. Misspelling of álgebra.

Swedish

Noun

algebra c

  1. (mathematics) algebra

Declension

Declension of algebra 
SingularPlural
IndefiniteDefiniteIndefiniteDefinite
Nominativealgebraalgebranalgebroralgebrorna
Genitivealgebrasalgebransalgebrorsalgebrornas
  • algebraisk
  • relationsalgebra
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