hyle
See also: hýle
English
Alternative forms
- (obsolete) hile, hyla; ylem
Etymology
One of several English variants (in casu Modern English, in the 17th and 18th century) for the Medieval Latin hyle, a transliteration of Aristotle’s concept of matter, in Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “wood(s), material(s), matter, subject”) or πρώτη ὕλη (prṓtē húlē, “fundamental, undifferentiated matter”)
Noun
hyle (uncountable)
- (obsolete, philosophy) matter
- The first matter of the cosmos, from which the four elements arose, according to the doctrines of Empedocles and Aristotle.
References
- OED: The Oxford English Dictionary, second edition, Oxford University Press, 1989
Anagrams
- Heyl
Danish
Etymology
From Middle Low German hǖlen, from Old Saxon *hūwilon, from Proto-West Germanic *hūwilōn, cognate with English howl, German heulen, Dutch huilen.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /hyːlə/, [ˈhyːlə]
Audio (file)
Verb
hyle (past tense hylede or (unofficial) høl, past participle hylet)
- to yell
- to howl
- to wail
- to yowl
- to whine
- to hoot
Inflection
Inflection of hyle
| present | past | |
|---|---|---|
| simple | hyler | hylede or (unofficial) høl |
| perfect | har hylet | havde hylet |
| passive | hyles | hyledes |
| participle | hylende | hylet |
| imperative | hyl | — |
| infinitive | hyle | — |
| auxiliary verb | have | — |
| gerund | hylen | — |
Related terms
terms related to hyle (verb)
- hyl
- hylekor
- hylen
- hylende
- hyler
- hyleri
- hyletone
References
- “hyle” in Den Danske Ordbog
- “hyle” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
Ingrian
Hyle.
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *hülgeh. Cognates include Finnish hylje and Estonian hüljes.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈhyle/, [ˈhylʲe̞]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈhyle/, [ˈhyle̞]
- Rhymes: -yle
- Hyphenation: hy‧le
Noun
hyle
- seal
- 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, N. J. Molotsova, transl., Loonnontiito oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 54:
- Hyle ono merizveeri (kuva 46).
- The seal is a marine mammal (image 46).
-
Declension
| Declension of hyle (type 6/lähe, k- gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | hyle | hylkeet |
| genitive | hylkeen | hylkein |
| partitive | hylettä | hylkeitä |
| illative | hylkeesse | hylkeisse |
| inessive | hylkees | hylkeis |
| elative | hylkeest | hylkeist |
| allative | hylkeelle | hylkeille |
| adessive | hylkeel | hylkeil |
| ablative | hylkeelt | hylkeilt |
| translative | hylkeeks | hylkeiks |
| essive | hylkeennä, hylkeen | hylkeinnä, hylkein |
| exessive1) | hylkeent | hylkeint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
| Soikkola declension of hyle (type 6/lähe, k- gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | hyle | hylkehet, hylkeet |
| genitive | hylkehen | hylkehiin |
| partitive | hylettä, hyleht | hylkehiä |
| illative | hylkehesse | hylkehisse |
| inessive | hylkehees | hylkehiis |
| elative | hylkehest | hylkehist |
| allative | hylkehelle | hylkehille |
| adessive | hylkeheel | hylkehiil |
| ablative | hylkehelt | hylkehilt |
| translative | hylkeheks | hylkehiks |
| essive | hylkehennä, hylkeheen | hylkehinnä, hylkehiin |
| exessive1) | hylkehent | hylkehint |
| 1) Obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) | ||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 75
Latin
Etymology
Transliteration of Aristotle’s concept of matter, in Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “wood(s), material(s), matter, subject”) or πρώτη ὕλη (“fundamental, undifferentiated matter”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈhyː.leː/, [ˈhyːɫ̪eː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈi.le/, [ˈiːle]
Noun
hȳlē f (genitive hȳlēs); first declension
- matter, the fundamental matter of all things, as opposing the form of all things (Aristotle’s doctrine of matter and form or hylomorphism); in Mediaeval Latin respectively materia prima and forma substantialis
- the matter of the body, as opposing the soul or mind (Aristotle’s doctrine of the soul)
- the first matter of the cosmos, an inaccurate interpretation of Aristotle's ἡ πρώτη ὕλη or materia prima
Declension
First-declension noun (Greek-type).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | hȳlē | hȳlae |
| Genitive | hȳlēs | hȳlārum |
| Dative | hȳlae | hȳlīs |
| Accusative | hȳlēn | hȳlās |
| Ablative | hȳlē | hȳlīs |
| Vocative | hȳlē | hȳlae |
Descendants
- → English: hyle
References
- “hyle”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- hyle in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- hyle in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- “hyle”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “hyle”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- “hyle”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
- L&S: Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1969
- See further references under ὕλη (húlē).
Yola
Etymology
From Middle English helden, from Old English hieldan, from Proto-West Germanic *halþijan.
Verb
hyle
- to pour, as liquor or rain.
References
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 47