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单词 honor
释义

honor

See also: Honor and hönor

English

Alternative forms

  • honour (British, Commonwealth, Irish)

Etymology

From Middle English honour, honor, honur, from Anglo-Norman honour, honur, from Old French honor, from Latin honor.

Displaced Middle English menske (“honor, dignity among men”), from Old Norse menskr (“honor”) (see mensk).

The verb is from Middle English honouren, honuren (“to honor”).

Pronunciation

  • (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɑn.ɚ/
    • Audio (US)(file)
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɒn.ə/
  • Rhymes: -ɒnə(ɹ)

Noun

honor (countable and uncountable, plural honors) (chiefly American spelling)

  1. (uncountable) recognition of importance or value; respect; veneration (of someone, usually for being morally upright or successful)
    The crowds gave the returning general much honor and praise.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Matthew 13:57:
      A prophet is not without honour, save in his own country.
    • 1852, Alfred Tennyson, “Stanza X”, in Ode on the Death of the Duke of Wellington, London: Edward Moxon, […], OCLC 897483676, page 14:
      And when the long-illumined cities flame, / Their ever-loyal iron leader's fame, / With honour, honour, honour, honour to him, / Eternal honour to his name.
  2. (uncountable) the state of being morally upright, honest, noble, virtuous, and magnanimous; excellence of character; the perception of such a state; favourable reputation; dignity
    He was a most perfect knight, for he had great honor and chivalry.
    His honor was unstained.
    • 2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3: From Ashes (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:
      Prothean Those who share my purpose become allies. Those who do not become casualties.
      Shepard: Nothing in our fight against the Reapers has been that cut-and-dried.
      Prothean: Because you still have hope that this war will end with your honor intact.
      Shepard: I do.
      Prothean: Stand in the ashes of a trillion dead souls and ask the ghosts if honor matters.
      Prothean: The silence is your answer.
  3. (countable) a token of praise or respect; something that represents praiseworthiness or respect, such as a prize or award given by the state to a citizen
    Honors are normally awarded twice a year: on The Queen's Birthday in June and at the New Year.
    He wore an honor on his breast.
    military honors; civil honors
    Audie Murphy received many honors, such as the Distinguished Service Cross.
    • 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 403869432:
      their funeral honours
  4. a privilege
    I had the honour of dining with the ambassador.
  5. (in the plural) the privilege of going first
    I'll let you have the honours, Bob—go ahead.
    1. (golf) the right to play one's ball before one's opponent.
  6. a cause of respect and fame; a glory; an excellency; an ornament.
    He is an honour to his nation.
  7. (feudal law) a seigniory or lordship held of the king, on which other lordships and manors depended
    • 1523, Anthony Fitzherbert, Book of Surveying:
      The lorde of the honour or manour
  8. (heraldry, countable) the center point of the upper half of an armorial escutcheon (compare honour point)
  9. (countable, card games) In bridge, an ace, king, queen, jack, or ten especially of the trump suit. In some other games, an ace, king, queen or jack.
  10. (in the plural) (courses for) an honours degree: a university qualification of the highest rank
    At university I took honours in modern history.

Usage notes

Like many other words ending in -our/-or, this word is usually spelled honour in the UK and honor in the US. However, the spelling honour is considered more formal in the United States, and is standard in formulations such as "the honour of your presence" as used on wedding invitations and other very formal documents.[1]

Synonyms

  • chivalry
  • glory
  • gentlemanliness

Antonyms

  • dishonor

Derived terms

  • affair of honor
  • a prophet has no honor in his own country
  • a prophet is not without honor save in his own country
  • badge of honor
  • code of honor
  • court of honor
  • debt of honor
  • dishonorable
  • do the honor
  • dubious honor
  • field of honor
  • fount of honor
  • guard of honor
  • guest of honor
  • honorable
  • honor among thieves
  • honorary
  • honor code
  • honoree
  • honor guard
  • honorific
  • honor in the breach
  • honor killing
  • Honor Oak
  • honor point
  • honor roll
  • honors degree
  • honor society
  • honor student
  • honor system
  • honor walk
  • Hons
  • in honor of
  • lap of honor
  • maiden of honor
  • maid of honor
  • matron of honor
  • on one's honor
  • place of honor
  • point of honor
  • scout's honor
  • Scout's honor
  • there is no honor among thieves
  • wear something as a badge of honor
  • word of honor

Translations

Verb

honor (third-person singular simple present honors, present participle honoring, simple past and past participle honored) (chiefly US)

  1. (transitive) to think of highly, to respect highly; to show respect for; to recognise the importance or spiritual value of
    The freedom fighters will be forever remembered and honored by the people.
  2. (transitive) to conform to, abide by, act in accordance with (an agreement, treaty, promise, request, or the like)
    I trusted you, but you have not honored your promise.
    refuse to honor the test ban treaty
  3. (transitive) to confer (bestow) an honour or privilege upon (someone)
    Ten members of the profession were honored at the ceremony.
    The prince honored me with an invitation to his birthday banquet.
  4. (transitive) to make payment in respect of (a cheque, banker's draft, etc.)
    I'm sorry Sir, but the bank did not honour your cheque.

Synonyms

  • worthy (verb)

Antonyms

  • despise
  • contempt

Derived terms

  • dishonor, dishonour

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

References

  1. The Emily Post Institute, Formal Wedding Invitation Wording

Catalan

Etymology

From Old Catalan honor, from Latin honōrem, accusative of honor.

Pronunciation

  • (Balearic) IPA(key): /oˈno/
  • (Central) IPA(key): /uˈnor/
  • (Valencian) IPA(key): /oˈnoɾ/

Noun

honor m (plural honors)

  1. honour
    Antonym: deshonor

Derived terms

  • deshonor
  • honorable
  • honorari
  • honorífic
  • honrar
  • seat of honor

Further reading

  • “honor” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
  • “honor”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
  • “honor” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
  • “honor” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Latin

Alternative forms

  • honos (ante-classical)

Etymology

From Old Latin honōs, a form notably still used by Cicero, of unknown origin; possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root *gʰon- or *ǵʰon-, but lacking any clear cognates.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈho.nor/, [ˈhɔnɔr]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈo.nor/, [ˈɔːnor]

Noun

honor m (genitive honōris); third declension

  1. honor, esteem, dignity, reputation, office

Declension

Third-declension noun.

CaseSingularPlural
Nominativehonorhonōrēs
Genitivehonōrishonōrum
Dativehonōrīhonōribus
Accusativehonōremhonōrēs
Ablativehonōrehonōribus
Vocativehonorhonōrēs

Derived terms

  • dēhonōrō
  • exhonōrō
  • honestās
  • honestus
  • honōrō
  • honōrus
  • inhonōrō

Descendants

  • → Basque: ohore
  • Dalmatian: onaur
  • Esperanto: honoro
    • Ido: honoro
  • Friulian: onôr
  • Italian: onore
  • Ladin: uneur, unëur
  • Old French: honor, enor, eneur, onor
    • Anglo-Norman: honur
      • → Middle Irish: onóir, anóir
        • Irish: onóir
        • Scottish Gaelic: onoir
      • → Middle English: honour
        • English: honour, honor
    • Middle French: honneur
      • French: honneur
  • Old Occitan: onor
    • Catalan: honor
    • Occitan: onor
  • Piedmontese: onor
  • → Old Polish: honor
    • Polish: honor
      • → Old Ruthenian: го́норъ (hónor), го́неръ (hóner)
        • Belarusian: го́нар (hónar)
        • Rusyn: го́нор (hónor)
        • Ukrainian: го́нор (hónor); го́нір (hónir) (dialectal)
        • → Middle Russian: го́норъ (gónor)
          • Russian: го́нор (gónor)
  • Old Portuguese:
    • Galician: honor, honra
    • Portuguese: honra, honor
  • Romanian: onoare
  • Sardinian: onore, onori, unore
  • Sicilian: unuri
    • → Maltese: unur
  • Spanish: honor
  • → Turkish: onur
  • Venetian: onor

References

  • “honor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “honor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • honor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • honor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a man who has held every office (up to the consulship): vir defunctus honoribus
    • a man who has held many offices: honoribus ac reipublicae muneribus perfunctus (De Or. 1. 45)
    • a man who has held many offices: amplis honoribus usus (Sall. Iug. 25. 4)
    • (ambiguous) to be deprived of the rites of burial: sepulturae honore carere
    • (ambiguous) to be honoured, esteemed by some one: esse in honore apud aliquem
    • (ambiguous) to honour, show respect for, a person: aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi (vid. sect. VI. 11., note Prosequi...)
    • (ambiguous) to kindle ambition in some one's mind: aliquem cupiditate honorum inflammare (or aliquem ad cupiditatem honorum inflammare)
    • (ambiguous) to aspire to dignity, high honours: honores concupiscere (opp. aspernari)
    • (ambiguous) to speak of some one respectfully: honoris causa aliquem nominare or appellare
    • (ambiguous) to pay divine honours to some one: alicui divinos honores tribuere, habere
    • (ambiguous) to rise, mount to the honours of office: ad honores ascendere
    • (ambiguous) to reach the highest grade of office: amplissimos honorum gradus assequi, adipisci
    • (ambiguous) to attain to the highest offices: ad summos honores pervenire (cf. also sect. V. 17)
    • (ambiguous) to seek office: petere magistratum, honores
    • (ambiguous) to invest a person with a position of dignity: honores alicui mandare, deferre
  • “honor”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “honor”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “honōs, -ōris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 288
  2. Voyles, Joseph & Barrack, Charles (2009): An Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Early Indo-European Languages

Old French

Alternative forms

  • anor, enor, honnor, honur, onor, onur

Etymology

From Latin honor, honōrem.

Noun

honor m (oblique plural honors, nominative singular honors, nominative plural honor)

  1. honor; honour

Descendants

  • → English: honor, honour
  • Middle French: honneur
    • French: honneur
  • → Middle Irish: onóir, anóir
    • Irish: onóir
    • Scottish Gaelic: onoir

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin honor.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxɔ.nɔr/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔnɔr
  • Syllabification: ho‧nor

Noun

honor m inan

  1. honour, honor (praiseworthiness, respect)

Declension

Declension of honor
singularplural
nominativehonorhonory
genitivehonoruhonorów
dativehonorowihonorom
accusativehonorhonory
instrumentalhonoremhonorami
locativehonorzehonorach
vocativehonorzehonory

Descendants

  • → Old Ruthenian: го́норъ (hónor), го́неръ (hóner)
    • Belarusian: го́нар (hónar)
    • Rusyn: го́нор (hónor)
    • Ukrainian: го́нор (hónor); го́нір (hónir) (dialectal)
    • → Middle Russian: го́норъ (gónor)
      • Russian: го́нор (gónor)

Further reading

  • honor in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • honor in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish onor, from Latin honor, honōrem.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /oˈnoɾ/ [oˈnoɾ]
  • Rhymes: -oɾ
  • Syllabification: ho‧nor

Noun

honor m (plural honores)

  1. honor

Derived terms

  • acuerdo de honor
  • crimen de honor
  • dama de honor
  • hacer honor de
  • honores de la guerra
  • matrícula de honor
  • palabra de honor
  • honorable
  • honrar
  • honra
  • honrilla

Further reading

  • “honor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Anagrams

  • honro, honró, horno

Swedish

Noun

honor

  1. indefinite plural of hona.
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