homo

See also: HOMO, Homo, and homo-

English

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ˈhəʊ.məʊ/, /ˈhɒm.əʊ/
Audio (UK) (file)
(US) IPA^(key): /ˈhoʊ.moʊ/
Rhymes: -əʊməʊ

Etymology 1

A clipping of words prefixed with homo-, from Ancient Greek ὁμο- (homo-, “same”): i.e. homogenized and homosexual.

Noun

homo (countable and uncountable, plural homos)

(colloquial, often derogatory) Clipping of homosexual.
- 1938, Cecil Day Lewis, Starting point‎, page 127:
  "... He's a homo."
  "My dear Theo, at my age one can't worry about little details like that. Besides, he's got such a nice voice."
I heard that he's a homo, but he hasn't come out of the closet yet.
(uncountable, dated, US, Canada) Homogenized milk with a high butterfat content.
- 1956, Purdue University. Agricultural Experiment Station., Station bulletin‎, page 25:
  One quart of homo wholesale in glass equals one quart equivalent. Certain modifications were made in these relatives to adjust for variations in units per ...

Translations

short form of homosexual

Chinese: 同志 (zh)
Danish: homo (da) c
Dutch: homo (nl) m
Finnish: homo (fi)
German: Homo (de) m
Hebrew: הומו‎ (he)
Hungarian: retkes buzi
Indonesian: homo (id)
Japanese: ホモ (ja) (homo)
Latin: draucus m
Latvian: homiķis m
Russian: го́мик (ru) m (gómik)

homogenized milk with butterfat

Chinese: 均脂牛奶
Finnish: homogenoitu maito
Japanese: ホモ牛乳 (homo gyūnyū)

Adjective

homo (comparative more homo, superlative most homo)

(colloquial, sometimes derogatory) Of or pertaining to homosexuality.
(not comparable, Canada, US) Homogenized; almost always said of milk with a high butterfat content.
- 1958, American milk review and milk plant monthly‎, volume 20, page 190:
  Regular homo milk was being sold out of stores in half gallons for 33 cents against 44 cents on regular homo milk on home delivery.

Etymology 2

From Latin homō̆ (“man, human”), sometimes as a shortening of Homo sapiens. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) Doublet of gome.

Noun

homo (plural homos)

(nonstandard) A human.
- 1850: "X-ing a Paragrab" by Edgar Allan Poe
  John, John, if you don't go you're no homo—no! You're only a fowl, an owl, a cow, a sow,—a doll, a poll; a poor, old, good-for-nothing-to-nobody, log, dog, hog, or frog, come out of a Concord bog.

References

1873, John Camden Hotten, The Slang Dictionary

Anagrams

Moho, moho

Bongo

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /hɔ̀mɔ̀/

Noun

homo

nose

References

Moi, Daniel Rabbi and Mario Lau Babur Kuduku, Sister Mary Mangira Michael, Simon Hagimir John, Rapheal Zakenia Paul Mafoi, Nyoul Gulluma Kuduku. 2018. Bongo – English Dictionary. Juba, South Sudan. SIL-South Sudan.

Chickasaw

Verb

homo

to roof

Czech

Etymology

Latin homo

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɦomo]

Noun

homo m

genus Homo, especially in informal and creative use
- 1985, Listy:
  Tak sebou hni, ty moje malý homo sapiens! [...] můj malý homo!
  (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 2008, Jekaterina Andrikanis, Homevideo I. - aneb Sám sobě režisérem:
  Zapnutím kamery vstoupil „homo natáčející“ do dialogu s „homo prohlížejícím“.
  (please add an English translation of this quote)
Synonym: člověk

Usage notes

Specialists usually use the capitalized translingual spelling Homo.

Related terms

dehumanizace
dehumanizovat
hominid
hominismus
humanismus
humanista
humanistický
humanita
humanitarismus
humanitární
humanitní
humanizace
humanizovat
humanoid
humanoidní
humánní

Dutch

Etymology

Clipping of homoseksueel or Clipping of homofiel.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɦoː.moː/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: ho‧mo

Noun

homo m (plural homo's, diminutive homootje n)

(neutral, not offensive) gay, homosexual
(offensive, derogatory) Used as a general slur.

Usage notes

The word homo is a general, neutral and somewhat informal term for a homosexual person. It is used as a slur by some, but the term, or its use in this way, can be considered offensive. Because the word itself is not inherently offensive or vulgar, some people may take offense at the implication that homosexuality is something negative and shameful that could be used as a derogatory term. This depends, of course, on a particular person's attitude towards homosexuality. Compare similar usage of English gay.

Derived terms

homohuwelijk

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin homō. Compare Catalan home, French homme, Interlingua homine, Italian uomo, Portuguese homem, Romanian om, Sardinian òmine, Spanish hombre. Doublet of oni.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈhomo]
Rhymes: -omo
Hyphenation: ho‧mo

Audio (file)

Noun

homo (accusative singular homon, plural homoj, accusative plural homojn)

a human being, person
- 1933, La Sankta Biblio, (Evangelio laŭ Luko 4:4):
  Kaj Jesuo respondis al li: Estas skribite, Ne per la pano sole vivos homo.
  Then Jesus answered him, "It is written, "Man shall not live by bread alone." (Luke 4:4)

Hypernyms

homedo (“hominid”)

Hyponyms

femino, homino, virino (“woman”)
viro (“man”)
homido, infano (“child”)

Holonyms

homaro (“humanity”)

Derived terms

homaranismo (“doctrine of regarding all of humanity as one's kin”)
homamaso (“crowd”)
kavernhomo (“cave dweller”)
neĝhomo (“snowperson”)
prahomo (“a prehuman (neanderthal, Cro-Magnon, etc.)”)
senhomejo (“uninhabited territory, no-man's-land”)

Descendants

→ Ido: homo

Finnish

Etymology

Clipping of homoseksuaali.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈhomo/, [ˈho̞mo̞]
Rhymes: -omo
Syllabification^(key): ho‧mo

Noun

homo

gay man
Synonym: see thesaurus:homo
(rare) any gay person
(offensive, derogatory) Used as a general slur.

Usage notes

The word homo is a general, neutral and somewhat informal term for a homosexual person. It is used as a slur by some, but either the term, or its use in this way, can be considered offensive. Because the word itself is not inherently offensive or vulgar, some people may take offense at the implication that homosexuality is something negative and shameful that could be used as a derogatory term. This depends, of course, on a particular person's attitude towards homosexuality. Compare similar usage in Dutch.

Declension

Inflection of homo (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		homo	homot
genitive		homon	homojen
partitive		homoa	homoja
illative		homoon	homoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		homo	homot
accusative	nom.	homo	homot
accusative	gen.	homon	homot
genitive		homon	homojen
partitive		homoa	homoja
inessive		homossa	homoissa
elative		homosta	homoista
illative		homoon	homoihin
adessive		homolla	homoilla
ablative		homolta	homoilta
allative		homolle	homoille
essive		homona	homoina
translative		homoksi	homoiksi
instructive		—	homoin
abessive		homotta	homoitta
comitative		—	homoineen

Possessive forms of homo (type valo)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	homoni	homomme
2nd person	homosi	homonne
3rd person	homonsa

Derived terms

homo-

Compounds

compounds

homoavioliitto
homobaari
homoeroottinen
homofobia
homoikoni
homoliitto
homomies
homopari
homopoika
homoseksuaali
homoseksuaalinen
homoseksuaalisuus
homoseksualismi
homoseksualisti

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

From Latin homō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰm̥mō (“earthling”).

Pronunciation

(Savoyard dialect) IPA^(key): /ˈomo/
(Bressan dialect) IPA^(key): /ˈumu/

Noun

homo m (plural homens)

man
Coordinate term: fèna

French

Etymology

Clipping of homosexuel.

Noun

homo m or f by sense (plural homos)

gay (homosexual person, especially male)

Adjective

homo (plural homos)

gay, homo

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto homo, from English human, French homme and humain, Italian uomo, Spanish hombre, from Latin homō, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰm̥mō (“earthling”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈho.mo/

Noun

homo (plural homi)

human, man

Antonyms

animalo (“animal”)

Derived terms

homa (“human”)
homala (“human”)
homino (“female human”)
homulo (“male human”)
homaro (“mankind”)
homeso (“humanity”)

Indonesian

Etymology

From English homo.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ho.mo/
Hyphenation: ho‧mo

Noun

homo (first-person possessive homoku, second-person possessive homomu, third-person possessive homonya)

(colloquial, offensive) gay; homosexual

Synonyms

maho (slang)

Italian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.mo/
Rhymes: -ɔmo
Hyphenation: hò‧mo

Noun

homo m (plural homini)

(obsolete) Alternative spelling of omo
1. man, person
  - c. 1226, Francis of Assisi, Cantico delle creature [Canticle of the Creatures]‎, page 2:
    Laudato si misignore per sora nostra morte corporale, da la quale nullu homo vivente poskappare
    Praised be you, my Lord, through our sister Bodily Death, from which no living person can escape.
  - early 14^th century, Dante, “Canto I”, in Inferno, lines 64–66:
    Quando viddi custui nel gran diserto
    Miserere di me gridai ad lui
    qual che tu sii o ombra o homo certo
    When I saw him in the vast desert, I cried unto him "Have pity on me, whichever you are, or shadow or real man!"

Latin

duo hominēs (two people)

Etymology

From earlier hemō, from Proto-Italic *hemō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰm̥mṓ (“earthling”), from *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”), whence Latin humus. Cognates include Old Lithuanian žmuõ (“man”), Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma) and Old English guma (“man”). See also nēmō (“no one”), from *ne hemō.

The phenomenon of a derivational relationship between the words for both earth and man is also seen in Semitic languages: Hebrew אָדָם‎ (adám, “man”), אֲדָמָה‎ (adamá, “soil”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈho.moː/, [ˈhɔmoː] or IPA^(key): /ˈho.mo/, [ˈhɔmɔ]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈo.mo/, [ˈɔːmo]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Note: iambic shortening of the final vowel before a following (primarily or secondarily) stressed syllable is very common, but in hexameter poetry this variation may simply have been lexicalised as arbitrary license.

Noun

homō m (genitive hominis); third declension

a human being, man, human, person
Homō hominī lupus (proverb).
Man is a wolf to man.
Hominēs, dum docent, discunt.
While teaching, people also learn themselves.
- 163 BC, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos [The Self-Tormentor]:
  Homŏ sum, hūmānī nihil ā mĕ aliēnum putō.
  I'm a human being, and nothing that's human is alien to me.
- 67 or 49 BC, Fragmentum Atestinum :researchgate.com
  qvod·ad·hominem·libervm·liberamve·pertinere·deicatvr
- 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Pro Cluentio 199:
  At quae māter! […] cuius ea stultitia est, ut eam nēmō hominem appellāre possit!
  And what a mother! […] whose stupidity is such that nobody would even call her human!
- ?, Pseudo-Remmius Palaemon, Ars 536.9:
  […] exceptīs paucīs masculīnī generis, quōrum numerō sunt ōrdo, ligō, et iis quae commūnis generis sunt, ut homō, nēmō, būbō et mangō.
  […] except […] and those that are of common gender, such as homō, nēmō, būbō and mangō.
a male human being, man
- Paulus, Digesta Iustiniani 48.19.38.5.3:
  Quī abortiōnis aut amātōris pōculum dant […] sī eō mulier aut homō perierit […]
  Those who poison someone with an abortion or love potion […] if it causes the death of the woman or man […]
(address) man, fellow, mate, pal, bud, partner, dude (a form of address to male peers, especially by another male)
- 160 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Adelphoe 111, (Robert Kauer and W. M. Lindsay (eds), 1958):
  prō Iuppiter, tŭ homō adigi' mĕ ad īnsāniam!
  Jesus, man, you're driving me insane!
(Medieval Latin) husband

Usage notes

Claimed to be of common (epicene) gender by several grammarians, albeit with limited external supporting evidence - see quotations. When used with a modifier and referring to a woman, nevertheless agrees in the masculine gender (like German Mensch, Russian челове́к (čelovék)) (Charisius, GL I, p.102.20–103.1 = pp.130.19–31.2 B.).

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	homō	hominēs
Genitive	hominis	hominum
Dative	hominī	hominibus
Accusative	hominem	hominēs
Ablative	homine	hominibus
Vocative	homō	hominēs

Hyponyms

mulier
mās, masculus (focusing on biological sex)
fēmina (focusing on biological sex; focusing on social status)
puer, puella (focusing on age)
adulēscēns m or f (focusing on age)
iuvenis m or f (focusing on age)
vir (focusing on social status)

Derived terms

homō hominī lupus
homō nūllīus colōris
homullus (diminutive)
homunciō (diminutive)
homunculus (diminutive)
hūmānitās
hūmānus
sēmihomō

Descendants

Balkan Romance:
- Aromanian: om
- Istro-Romanian: om
- Megleno-Romanian: om, uom
- Romanian: om
Dalmatian:
- jomno
Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: omu
- Istriot: omo
- Italian: uomo
- Neapolitan: ommo
- Sicilian: omu, òminu
Padanian:
- Emilian: òmen, òm
- Ligurian: òmmo
- Lombard: òmm, òmen
- Piedmontese: òm, òmon
- Romagnol: òm, òman
- Friulian: omp, om
- Romansch: um
- Venetian: omo, òmeno
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal: homo, on
- Old French: home (see there for further descendants)
Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: home
- Old Occitan: ome, hom, home, om, omne
  - Occitan: òme, ome
Sardinian:
- òmine
Ibero-Romance:
- Navarro-Aragonese: hombre
  - Aragonese: hombre, ombre
- Old Leonese: om̃e
  - Asturian: home
  - Leonese: home
  - Mirandese: home
- Old Portuguese: ome, home, omen, omẽe
  - Galician: home
  - Portuguese: homem, home; homẽ; ómi; hómi; hômi
    - Guinea-Bissau Creole: omi
    - Indo-Portuguese: homm
    - Kabuverdianu: ómi
    - Korlai Creole Portuguese: ɔm
    - Kristang: omi
    - Principense: omi
    - Saramaccan: womi
- Old Spanish: omne, ome; homne
  - Ladino:
    Hebrew: אומברי‎
    Latin: ombre
  - Spanish: hombre, honbre, ombre, onbre
    - Chavacano: hombre
    - → English: hombre
    - → French: hombre
      - → English: ombre
    - → Papiamentu: hòmber
Borrowings:
- → English: homo; argumentum ad hominem, ad hominem
- → Esperanto: homo
  - → Ido: homo
- → Interlingua: homine
- → Interlingue: hom
- → Novial: home
- → Translingual: Homo

References

“homo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“homo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
homo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- our contemporaries; men of our time: homines qui nunc sunt (opp. qui tunc fuerunt)
- our contemporaries; men of our time: homines huius aetatis, nostrae memoriae
- that is the way of the world; such is life: sic vita hominum est
- the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
- what am I to do with this fellow: quid huic homini (also hoc homine) faciam?
- Fortune makes men shortsighted, infatuates them: fortuna caecos homines efficit, animos occaecat
- my most intimate acquaintance: homo intimus, familiarissimus mihi
- to be in every one's mouth: in ore omnium or omnibus (hominum or hominibus, but only mihi, tibi, etc.) esse
- to be a subject for gossip: in sermonem hominum venire
- the common opinion, the general idea: existimatio hominum, omnium
- a devotee of pleasure; a self-indulgent man: homo voluptarius (Tusc. 2. 7. 18)
- many men, many minds: quot homines, tot sententiae
- within the memory of man: post hominum memoriam
- within the memory of man: post homines natos
- learned, scientific, literary men: homines litterarum studiosi
- learned, scientific, literary men: homines docti
- a man of learning; a scholar; a savant: vir or homo doctus, litteratus
- for a Roman he is decidedly well educated: sunt in illo, ut in homine Romano, multae litterae (De Sen. 4. 12)
- to civilise men, a nation: homines, gentem a fera agrestique vita ad humanum cultum civilemque deducere (De Or. 1. 8. 33)
- an accomplished dialectician: homo in dialecticis versatissimus
- moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
- a conscientious historian: homo in historia diligens
- a singer, member of a choir: (homo) symphoniacus
- a wit; a joker: (homo) ridiculus (Plaut. Stich. 1. 3. 21)
- a man of no self-control, self-indulgent: homo impotens sui
- a man of no self-control, self-indulgent: homo effrenatus, intemperans
- a moral (immoral) man: homo bene (male) moratus
- a depraved, abandoned character: homo perditus
- a man of character, with a strong personality: vir constans, gravis (opp. homo inconstans, levis)
- to sacrifice human victims: pro victimis homines immolare
- to unite isolated individuals into a society: dissipatos homines in (ad) societatem vitae convocare (Tusc. 1. 25. 62)
- to shun society: hominum coetus, congressus fugere
- business-men: homines negotii (always in sing.) gerentes
- an experienced politician: homo in re publica exercitatus
- a parvenu (a man no member of whose family has held curule office): homo novus
- people of every rank: homines omnis generis
- people of every rank and age: homines omnium ordinum et aetatum
- one of the people: homo plebeius, de plebe
- a popular man: aurae popularis homo (Liv. 42. 30)
- public opinion: existimatio populi, hominum
- to be always considering what people think: multum communi hominum opinioni tribuere
- men of sound opinions: homines graves (opp. leves)
- a democrat: homo popularis
- a man who genuinely wishes the people's good: homo vere popularis (Catil. 4. 5. 9)
- a democratic leader: homo florens in populari ratione
- revolutionists: homines seditiosi, turbulenti or novarum rerum cupidi

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Short for homofil (“homophile”) or homofil person (“homophile person”).

Adjective

homo (indeclinable)

homosexual, gay

Noun

homo m (definite singular homoen, indefinite plural homoer, definite plural homoene)

a homosexual or gay (male homosexual person).

Synonyms

homofil
homse
soper

Derived terms

homodager
homoekteskap
homogutt
homomarsj
homoparade

Related terms

bi
homofili
homoseksualitet
lesbe
lesbisk

References

“homo” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“homo” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Short for homofil (“homophile”) or homofil person (“homophile person”).

Adjective

homo (indeclinable)

homosexual, gay

Noun

homo m (definite singular homoen, indefinite plural homoar, definite plural homoane)

a homosexual or gay (male homosexual person).

Synonyms

homofil
homse
sopar

Derived terms

homoekteskap
homomarsj
homoparade

Related terms

bi
homofili
homoseksualitet
lesbe
lesbisk

References

“homo” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Portuguese

Adjective

homo (invariable)

homosexual (involving or relating to homosexuals)
Synonyms: homossexual, gay

Romanian

Etymology

Clipping of homosexual.

Noun

homo m (plural homo)

(slang) gay

Declension

Declension of homo

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) homo	homoul	(niște) homo	homoi
genitive/dative	(unui) homo	homoului	(unor) homo	homolor
vocative	homoule		homolor

Spanish

Adjective

homo (invariable)

homo (homosexual)

Swedish

Noun

homo c or n

(colloquial, chiefly derogatory) a homosexual
Synonym: bög

Adjective

homo

(colloquial, only used predicatively) homosexual

References

homo in Svensk ordbok (SO)
homo in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
homo in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

homo c (plural homo's)

homosexual, gay person

Derived terms

homorjochten

homo

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Translations

Adjective

Etymology 2

Noun

See also

References

See also

Anagrams

Bongo

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Chickasaw

Verb

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Related terms

Further reading

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Derived terms

Esperanto

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Hypernyms

Hyponyms

Holonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Declension

Derived terms

Compounds

See also

Franco-Provençal

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

French

Etymology

Noun

Adjective

Further reading

Ido

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Antonyms

Derived terms

Indonesian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Italian

Pronunciation

Noun

Latin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes