hipua
Finnish
Etymology
hi- + -pua, related to hipoa and probably ultimately from a variant of hioa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhipuɑˣ/, [ˈhipuɑ(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ipuɑ
- Syllabification: hi‧pu‧a
Verb
hipua
- (dialectal, intransitive) to wear (down)
- Synonym: kulua
- (dialectal, transitive + partitive) to graze, lightly touch
- Synonym: hipoa
Conjugation
| Inflection of hipua (Kotus type 52*E/sanoa, p-v gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | hivun | en hivu | 1st sing. | olen hipunut | en ole hipunut | |
| 2nd sing. | hivut | et hivu | 2nd sing. | olet hipunut | et ole hipunut | |
| 3rd sing. | hipuu | ei hivu | 3rd sing. | on hipunut | ei ole hipunut | |
| 1st plur. | hivumme | emme hivu | 1st plur. | olemme hipuneet | emme ole hipuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | hivutte | ette hivu | 2nd plur. | olette hipuneet | ette ole hipuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | hipuvat | eivät hivu | 3rd plur. | ovat hipuneet | eivät ole hipuneet | |
| passive | hivutaan | ei hivuta | passive | on hivuttu | ei ole hivuttu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | hivuin | en hipunut | 1st sing. | olin hipunut | en ollut hipunut | |
| 2nd sing. | hivuit | et hipunut | 2nd sing. | olit hipunut | et ollut hipunut | |
| 3rd sing. | hipui | ei hipunut | 3rd sing. | oli hipunut | ei ollut hipunut | |
| 1st plur. | hivuimme | emme hipuneet | 1st plur. | olimme hipuneet | emme olleet hipuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | hivuitte | ette hipuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte hipuneet | ette olleet hipuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | hipuivat | eivät hipuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat hipuneet | eivät olleet hipuneet | |
| passive | hivuttiin | ei hivuttu | passive | oli hivuttu | ei ollut hivuttu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | hipuisin | en hipuisi | 1st sing. | olisin hipunut | en olisi hipunut | |
| 2nd sing. | hipuisit | et hipuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit hipunut | et olisi hipunut | |
| 3rd sing. | hipuisi | ei hipuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi hipunut | ei olisi hipunut | |
| 1st plur. | hipuisimme | emme hipuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme hipuneet | emme olisi hipuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | hipuisitte | ette hipuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte hipuneet | ette olisi hipuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | hipuisivat | eivät hipuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat hipuneet | eivät olisi hipuneet | |
| passive | hivuttaisiin | ei hivuttaisi | passive | olisi hivuttu | ei olisi hivuttu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | hivu | älä hivu | 2nd sing. | ole hipunut | älä ole hipunut | |
| 3rd sing. | hipukoon | älköön hipuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon hipunut | älköön olko hipunut | |
| 1st plur. | hipukaamme | älkäämme hipuko | 1st plur. | olkaamme hipuneet | älkäämme olko hipuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | hipukaa | älkää hipuko | 2nd plur. | olkaa hipuneet | älkää olko hipuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | hipukoot | älkööt hipuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot hipuneet | älkööt olko hipuneet | |
| passive | hivuttakoon | älköön hivuttako | passive | olkoon hivuttu | älköön olko hivuttu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | hipunen | en hipune | 1st sing. | lienen hipunut | en liene hipunut | |
| 2nd sing. | hipunet | et hipune | 2nd sing. | lienet hipunut | et liene hipunut | |
| 3rd sing. | hipunee | ei hipune | 3rd sing. | lienee hipunut | ei liene hipunut | |
| 1st plur. | hipunemme | emme hipune | 1st plur. | lienemme hipuneet | emme liene hipuneet | |
| 2nd plur. | hipunette | ette hipune | 2nd plur. | lienette hipuneet | ette liene hipuneet | |
| 3rd plur. | hipunevat | eivät hipune | 3rd plur. | lienevät hipuneet | eivät liene hipuneet | |
| passive | hivuttaneen | ei hivuttane | passive | lienee hivuttu | ei liene hivuttu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | hipua | present | hipuva | hivuttava | ||
| long 1st2 | hipuakseen | past | hipunut | hivuttu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | hipuessa | hivuttaessa | agent1, 3 | hipuma | |
| instructive | hipuen | — | negative | hipumaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | hipumassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | hipumasta | — | ||||
| illative | hipumaan | — | ||||
| adessive | hipumalla | — | ||||
| abessive | hipumatta | — | ||||
| instructive | hipuman | hivuttaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | hipuminen | ||||
| partitive | hipumista | |||||
| 5th2 | hipumaisillaan | |||||