henchir

Spanish

Etymology

From Old Spanish henchir, from older fenchir, which had the variant enchir, from Latin impleō, implēre (“to fill something”) (possibly through a Vulgar Latin form *implio, implīre). Cognate of Portuguese encher, Catalan omplir, French emplir, Italian empire, Sicilian jìnchiri.

According to Coromines & Pascual, the initial f- is likely due to phonetic and semantic similarities with finchar > modern hinchar. In dwindling use by the 16th century, henchir was increasingly limited to idioms, and they mention that Juan de Valdés complained about needing to use the verb in such expressions due to an easy confusion with hinchar, giving as an example De servidores leales se hinchen los ospitales, meaning 'the guesthouses are filled with loyal servants' (with henchir), but ambiguously also the nonsensical 'the guesthouses should be air-filled using loyal servants' (with hinchar).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /enˈt͡ʃiɾ/ [ẽnʲˈt͡ʃiɾ]
Rhymes: -iɾ
Syllabification: hen‧chir

Verb

henchir (first-person singular present hincho, first-person singular preterite henchí, past participle henchido)

(literary, transitive) to swell, to fill something
(obsolete, figuratively, transitive) to fill (a job position)

Conjugation

Conjugation of henchir (e-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			henchir
gerund			hinchiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		henchido		henchida
		plural		henchidos		henchidas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	hincho	hinches^{^tú} henchís^{^vos}	hinche	henchimos	henchís	hinchen
	imperfect	henchía	henchías	henchía	henchíamos	henchíais	henchían
	preterite	henchí	henchiste	hinchió	henchimos	henchisteis	hinchieron
	future	henchiré	henchirás	henchirá	henchiremos	henchiréis	henchirán
	conditional	henchiría	henchirías	henchiría	henchiríamos	henchiríais	henchirían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	hincha	hinchas^{^tú} hinchás^{^vos²}	hincha	hinchamos	hincháis	hinchan
	imperfect (ra)	hinchiera	hinchieras	hinchiera	hinchiéramos	hinchierais	hinchieran
	imperfect (se)	hinchiese	hinchieses	hinchiese	hinchiésemos	hinchieseis	hinchiesen
	future¹	hinchiere	hinchieres	hinchiere	hinchiéremos	hinchiereis	hinchieren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		hinche^{^tú} henchí^{^vos}	hincha	hinchamos	henchid	hinchan
	negative		no hinchas	no hincha	no hinchamos	no hincháis	no hinchan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of henchir (e-i alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive henchir
	dative	henchirme	henchirte	henchirle, henchirse	henchirnos	henchiros	henchirles, henchirse
	accusative	henchirme	henchirte	henchirlo, henchirla, henchirse	henchirnos	henchiros	henchirlos, henchirlas, henchirse

with gerund hinchiendo
	dative	hinchiéndome	hinchiéndote	hinchiéndole, hinchiéndose	hinchiéndonos	hinchiéndoos	hinchiéndoles, hinchiéndose
	accusative	hinchiéndome	hinchiéndote	hinchiéndolo, hinchiéndola, hinchiéndose	hinchiéndonos	hinchiéndoos	hinchiéndolos, hinchiéndolas, hinchiéndose

with informal second-person singular tú imperative hinche
	dative	híncheme	hínchete	hínchele	hínchenos	not used	híncheles
	accusative	híncheme	hínchete	hínchelo, hínchela	hínchenos	not used	hínchelos, hínchelas

with informal second-person singular vos imperative henchí
	dative	henchime	henchite	henchile	henchinos	not used	henchiles
	accusative	henchime	henchite	henchilo, henchila	henchinos	not used	henchilos, henchilas

with formal second-person singular imperative hincha
	dative	hínchame	not used	hínchale, hínchase	hínchanos	not used	hínchales
	accusative	hínchame	not used	hínchalo, hínchala, hínchase	hínchanos	not used	hínchalos, hínchalas

with first-person plural imperative hinchamos
	dative	not used	hinchámoste	hinchámosle	hinchámonos	hinchámoos	hinchámosles
	accusative	not used	hinchámoste	hinchámoslo, hinchámosla	hinchámonos	hinchámoos	hinchámoslos, hinchámoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative henchid
	dative	henchidme	not used	henchidle	henchidnos	henchíos	henchidles
	accusative	henchidme	not used	henchidlo, henchidla	henchidnos	henchíos	henchidlos, henchidlas

with formal second-person plural imperative hinchan
	dative	hínchanme	not used	hínchanle	hínchannos	not used	hínchanles, hínchanse
	accusative	hínchanme	not used	hínchanlo, hínchanla	hínchannos	not used	hínchanlos, hínchanlas, hínchanse

Derived terms

henchidor
henchidura
henchimiento