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单词 heavy
释义

heavy

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English hevy, heviȝ, from Old English hefiġ, hefeġ, hæfiġ (“heavy; important, grave, severe, serious; oppressive, grievous; slow, dull”), from Proto-West Germanic *habīg (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Germanic *habīgaz (“heavy, hefty, weighty”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to take, grasp, hold”).

Cognates:
Cognate with Scots hevy, havy, heavy (“heavy”), Dutch hevig (“violent, severe, intense, acute”), Middle Low German hēvich (“violent, fierce, intense”), German hebig (compare heftig (“fierce, severe, intense, violent, heavy”)), Icelandic höfugur (“heavy, weighty, important”), Latin capāx (“large, wide, roomy, spacious, capacious, capable, apt”).

Pronunciation

  • enPR: hevʹi
  • (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /ˈhɛv.i/
  • (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈhev.i/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (AU)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛvi

Adjective

heavy (comparative heavier, superlative heaviest)

Four men lifting a heavy sideboard.
  1. (of a physical object) Having great weight.
    • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., OCLC 222716698:
      Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke. […] A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.
  2. (of a topic) Serious, somber.
  3. Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive.
    heavy yokes, expenses, undertakings, trials, news, etc.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, 1 Samuel 5:6:
      The hand of the Lord was heavy upon them of Ashdod.
    • 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene i]:
      The king himself hath a heavy reckoning to make.
    • 1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion
      Sent hither by my Husband to impart the heavy news.
  4. (Britain, slang, dated) Good.
    This film is heavy.
  5. (dated, late 1960s, 1970s, US) Profound.
    The Moody Blues are, like, heavy.
  6. (of a rate of flow) High, great.
    • 1998, Stanley George Clayton, ""Menstruation" in Encyclopedia Britannica
      The ovarian response to gonadotropic hormones may be erratic at first, so that irregular or heavy bleeding sometimes occurs
  7. (slang) Armed.
    Come heavy, or not at all.
  8. (of music) Loud, distorted, or intense.
    Metal is heavier than rock.
  9. (of weather) Hot and humid.
  10. (of a person) Doing the specified activity more intensely than most other people.
    He was a heavy sleeper, a heavy eater and a heavy smoker – certainly not an ideal husband.
    • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 29, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, OCLC 2057953:
      He was described in the theatrical prints as the “veteran Blenkinsop”—“the useful Blenkinsop”—“that old favourite of the public, Blenkinsop”—those parts in the drama, which are called the heavy fathers, were usually assigned to this veteran, who, indeed, acted the heavy father in public, as in private life.
  11. (of the eyes) With eyelids difficult to keep open due to tiredness.
    • 2021 December 1, The Road Ahead, page 11, column 3:
      Watch for the signs of fatigue, including yawning, blinking and heavy eyes.
  12. (of food) High in fat or protein; difficult to digest.
    Cheese-stuffed sausage is too heavy to eat before exercising.
  13. Of great force, power, or intensity; deep or intense.
    • 1918 September–November, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Land That Time Forgot”, in The Blue Book Magazine, Chicago, Ill.: Story-press Corp., OCLC 18478577; republished as chapter IV, in Hugo Gernsback, editor, Amazing Stories, volume 1, New York, N.Y.: Experimenter Publishing, 1927, OCLC 988016180:
      The surf was not heavy, and there was no undertow, so we made shore easily, effecting an equally easy landing.
    • 2013 July 20, “Out of the gloom”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
      [Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in the dark, look for specks of light in the villages.
    it was a heavy storm;  a heavy slumber in bed;  a heavy punch
  14. Laden to a great extent.
    his eyes were heavy with sleep;  she was heavy with child
  15. Laden with that which is weighty; encumbered; burdened; bowed down, either with an actual burden, or with grief, pain, disappointment, etc.
    • 1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, OCLC 1002865976; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, OCLC 987451380:
      The heavy [sorrowing] nobles all in council were.
    • c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:
      A light wife doth make a heavy husband.
    • 1613, William Browne, Britannia's Pastorals
      Seating himselfe within a darkesome cave, / (Such places heavy Saturnists doe crave,) / Where yet the gladsome day was never seene […]
  16. Slow; sluggish; inactive; or lifeless, dull, inanimate, stupid.
    a heavy gait, looks, manners, style, etc.
    a heavy writer or book
    • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene i]:
      whilst the heavy ploughman snores
    • 1700, [John] Dryden, “Cymon and Iphigenia, from Boccace”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], OCLC 228732415:
      a heavy, dull, degenerate mind
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Isaiah 59:1:
      Neither [is] his ear heavy, that it cannot hear.
  17. Impeding motion; cloggy; clayey.
    a heavy road; a heavy soil
  18. Not raised or leavened.
    heavy bread
  19. (of wines or spirits) Having much body or strength.
  20. (obsolete) With child; pregnant.
  21. (physics) Containing one or more isotopes that are heavier than the normal one.
  22. (petroleum) Having high viscosity.
  23. (finance) Of a market: in which the price of shares is declining.
    • 1819, The Scots Magazine (volumes 83-84, page 577)
      The very low prices of brandy, and the continuance of a heavy market for such a length of time, have begun to attract buyers; […]
    • 1922, The Investor's Monthly Manual: A Newspaper for Investors (page 626)
      The oil market is heavy, each day bringing along further supplies of shares from people who have not tired of the long-continued decline in the market.
  24. (nautical, military) Heavily-armed.
  25. (aviation, of an aircraft) Having a relatively high takeoff weight and payload,
    1. especially, having a maximum takeoff weight exceeding 300,000 tons, as almost all widebodies do, generating high wake turbulence.
      • 1990, Perry Francis Lafferty, The Downing of Flight Six Heavy, page 85:
        In a firm voice he said, “ World Wide Six heavy is ready for takeoff. ”
Synonyms
  • sweer/swear
Antonyms
  • light
Derived terms

Pages starting with “heavy”.

  • as heavy as a dead donkey
  • heavier-than-air
  • heavily
  • heaviness
  • heavisome
  • heavy-armed
  • heavy artillery
  • heavy-bearded
  • heavy breather
  • heavy breathing
  • heavy cavalry
  • heavy chain
  • heavy chemicals
  • heavy client
  • heavy-coated
  • heavy cream
  • heavy cruiser
  • heavy drinker
  • heavy drinking
  • heavy-duty
  • heavy earth
  • heavy element
  • heavy-footed
  • heavy glass
  • heavy going
  • heavy goods vehicle
  • heavy-handed
  • heavy-headed
  • heavy heart
  • heavy hitter
  • heavy hydrogen
  • heavy ice
  • heavy industry
  • heavy infantry
  • heavy ion
  • heavyish
  • heavy legs
  • heavy-lift
  • heavy lifting
  • heavy machine gun
  • heavy machinery
  • heavy metal
  • heavy middleweight
  • heavy mineral
  • heavy oil
  • heavy particle
  • heavy petting
  • heavy piece
  • heavy rail
  • heavy rock
  • heavy roller
  • heavy-set, heavyset
  • heavy sink
  • heavy spar
  • heavy swell
  • heavy tail
  • heavy tank
  • heavy water
  • heavyweight
  • heavy wet
  • hot and heavy
  • Late Heavy Bombardment
  • make heavy weather of
  • overheavy
  • semiheavy water
  • superheavy
  • top-heavy
  • ultraheavy
  • unheavy
  • heave
  • heft
Descendants
  • Sranan Tongo: hebi
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

heavy (comparative more heavy, superlative most heavy)

  1. In a heavy manner; weightily; heavily; gravely.
    heavy laden with their sins
  2. (colloquial, nonstandard) To a great degree; greatly.
    • 1957, Ray Lawler, Summer of the Seventeenth Doll, Sydney: Fontana Books, published 1974, page 35:
      Olive: What was it - booze? Barney: Yeh. Been hitting it pretty heavy.
  3. (India, colloquial) very
Derived terms
  • hang heavy
  • heavy-laden

Noun

heavy (plural heavies or heavys)

  1. A villain or bad guy; the one responsible for evil or aggressive acts.
    With his wrinkled, uneven face, the actor always seemed to play the heavy in films.
  2. (slang) A doorman, bouncer or bodyguard.
    A fight started outside the bar but the heavies came out and stopped it.
  3. (journalism, slang, chiefly in the plural) A newspaper of the quality press.
    • 1973, Allen Hutt, The changing newspaper (page 151)
      The comment may be offered here that the 'heavies' have been the Design Award's principal scorers, both in the overall bronze plaque days and, since, in the Daily/Sunday Class 1.
    • 2006, Richard Keeble, The Newspapers Handbook
      Reviewers in the heavies aim to impress with the depth of their knowledge and appreciation.
  4. (Should we move, merge or split(+) this sense?) (aviation) A relatively large multi-engined aircraft.
    • 2000, Philip Woods, Shattered Allegiance, page 363:
      I read five heavies, maybe transports or tankers...could be bombers.
    • 2012, Jon E. Lewis, The Mammoth Book of Heroes:
      A 76 Squadron pilot who later completed a second tour on Mosquitoes said that his colleagues on the light bombers “simply could never understand how awful being on heavies was.”
Derived terms
  • brain heavy
  • dog heavy
Translations

Verb

heavy (third-person singular simple present heavies, present participle heavying, simple past and past participle heavied)

  1. (often with "up") To make heavier.
    They piled their goods on the donkey's back, heavying up an already backbreaking load.
  2. To sadden. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  3. (Australia, New Zealand, informal) To use power or wealth to exert influence on, e.g., governments or corporations; to pressure.
    The union was well known for the methods it used to heavy many businesses.
    • 1985, Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives Weekly Hansard, Issue 11, Part 1, page 1570,
      […] the Prime Minister sought to evade the simple fact that he heavied Mr Reid to get rid of Dr Armstrong.
    • 2001, Finola Moorhead, Darkness More Visible, Spinifex Press, Australia, page 557,
      But he is on the wrong horse, heavying me. My phone′s tapped. Well, he won′t find anything.
    • 2005, David Clune, Ken Turner (editors), The Premiers of New South Wales, 1856-2005, Volume 3: 1901-2005, page 421,
      But the next two days of the Conference also produced some very visible lobbying for the succession and apparent heavying of contenders like Brereton, Anderson and Mulock - much of it caught on television.

References

  • Heavy (aeronautics) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

heave +‎ -y

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhiːvi/
    • Audio (UK)(file)

Adjective

heavy (comparative more heavy, superlative most heavy)

  1. Having the heaves.
    a heavy horse

See also

  • heavy cake

References

  • heavy at OneLook Dictionary Search

Anagrams

  • Havey, Yahve

Finnish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈheʋi/, [ˈhe̞ʋi]

Noun

heavy

  1. Alternative spelling of hevi (“heavyrock”).

Declension

Inflection of heavy (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominativeheavyheavyt
genitiveheavynheavyjen
partitiveheavyäheavyjä
illativeheavyynheavyihin
singularplural
nominativeheavyheavyt
accusativenom.heavyheavyt
gen.heavyn
genitiveheavynheavyjen
partitiveheavyäheavyjä
inessiveheavyssäheavyissä
elativeheavystäheavyistä
illativeheavyynheavyihin
adessiveheavylläheavyillä
ablativeheavyltäheavyiltä
allativeheavylleheavyille
essiveheavynäheavyinä
translativeheavyksiheavyiksi
instructive—heavyin
abessiveheavyttäheavyittä
comitative—heavyineen
Possessive forms of heavy (type valo)
possessorsingularplural
1st personheavyniheavymme
2nd personheavysiheavynne
3rd personheavynsä

German

Etymology

Borrowed from English heavy.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈhɛvi/

Adjective

heavy (strong nominative masculine singular heavyer, not comparable)

  1. (predicative, colloquial, probably slightly dated) heavy; intense; serious; shocking (extraordinary, especially in a bad way)
    Synonyms: heftig, krass, nicht ohne, ein starkes Stück

Spanish

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English heavy (metal).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxebi/ [ˈxe.β̞i]
  • Rhymes: -ebi

Adjective

heavy (plural heavys)

  1. heavy (pertaining to heavy metal)
  2. heavy (intense)
  3. (Dominican Republic, informal) cool

Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

Further reading

  • “heavy”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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