harper
See also: Harper
English
Etymology
From Middle English harpere, from Old English hearpere (“harpist, harper”), equivalent to harp + -er. Cognate with Middle Low German harpære (“harper”), German Harfer and Harfner (“harper”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑː(ɹ)pə(ɹ)/
Noun
harper (plural harpers)
- A harpist, especially one who plays a traditional harp without pedals.
- 1568, William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh], “In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton; J[ohn] S[tow], editor, Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate, Imprinted at London: In Fletestreate, neare vnto St Dunstan-in-the-West by Thomas Marshe, OCLC 54747393; republished as Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth, London: Printed for C. Davis in Pater-noster Row, 1736, OCLC 731569711, page 290:
- The Harpe. […]
A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong
Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge
-
- (obsolete) An old Irish brass coin bearing the emblem of a harp.
- 1621 August 13 (first performance; Gregorian calendar), Ben Jonson, “The Masque of the Gypsies”, in Q. Horatius Flaccus: His Art of Poetry. […], London: […] J[ohn] Okes, for John Benson […], published 1640, OCLC 1203251361:
- the harper that was gathered amongst us to pay the piper
-
Synonyms
- (one who plays a harp): harp-player, harpist
Derived terms
- Harper
References
- 2011. You Can Teach Yourself Lever Harp. Laurie Riley, Beth A. Kolle. Page 8.
Danish
Noun
harper c
- indefinite plural of harpe
French
Etymology
From Old High German harfan.
Pronunciation
- (aspirated h) IPA(key): /aʁ.pe/
Audio (file)
Verb
harper
- (transitive, intransitive) to grasp forcefully
Conjugation
Conjugation of harper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | harper | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | harpant /aʁ.pɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | harpé /aʁ.pe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | harpe /aʁp/ | harpes /aʁp/ | harpe /aʁp/ | harpons /aʁ.pɔ̃/ | harpez /aʁ.pe/ | harpent /aʁp/ |
| imperfect | harpais /aʁ.pɛ/ | harpais /aʁ.pɛ/ | harpait /aʁ.pɛ/ | harpions /aʁ.pjɔ̃/ | harpiez /aʁ.pje/ | harpaient /aʁ.pɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | harpai /aʁ.pe/ | harpas /aʁ.pa/ | harpa /aʁ.pa/ | harpâmes /aʁ.pam/ | harpâtes /aʁ.pat/ | harpèrent /aʁ.pɛʁ/ | |
| future | harperai /aʁ.pə.ʁe/ | harperas /aʁ.pə.ʁa/ | harpera /aʁ.pə.ʁa/ | harperons /aʁ.pə.ʁɔ̃/ | harperez /aʁ.pə.ʁe/ | harperont /aʁ.pə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | harperais /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ | harperais /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ | harperait /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ | harperions /aʁ.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ | harperiez /aʁ.pə.ʁje/ | harperaient /aʁ.pə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | harpe /aʁp/ | harpes /aʁp/ | harpe /aʁp/ | harpions /aʁ.pjɔ̃/ | harpiez /aʁ.pje/ | harpent /aʁp/ |
| imperfect2 | harpasse /aʁ.pas/ | harpasses /aʁ.pas/ | harpât /aʁ.pa/ | harpassions /aʁ.pa.sjɔ̃/ | harpassiez /aʁ.pa.sje/ | harpassent /aʁ.pas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | harpe /aʁp/ | — | harpons /aʁ.pɔ̃/ | harpez /aʁ.pe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “harper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
harper m or f
- indefinite plural of harpe
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
harper f
- indefinite plural of harpe
Old French
Verb
harper
- to play the harp
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ps, *-pt are modified to s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of harper (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | harper | avoir harpé | |||||
| gerund | en harpant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | harpant | ||||||
| past participle | harpé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | harp | harpes | harpe | harpons | harpez | harpent |
| imperfect | harpoie, harpeie, harpoe, harpeve | harpoies, harpeies, harpoes, harpeves | harpoit, harpeit, harpot, harpeve | harpiiens, harpiens | harpiiez, harpiez | harpoient, harpeient, harpoent, harpevent | |
| preterite | harpai | harpas | harpa | harpames | harpastes | harperent | |
| future | harperai | harperas | harpera | harperons | harperoiz, harpereiz, harperez | harperont | |
| conditional | harperoie, harpereie | harperoies, harpereies | harperoit, harpereit | harperiiens, harperiens | harperiiez, harperiez | harperoient, harpereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | harp | hars | hart | harpons | harpez | harpent |
| imperfect | harpasse | harpasses | harpast | harpissons, harpissiens | harpissoiz, harpissez, harpissiez | harpassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | harpe | — | harpons | harpez | — | ||