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单词 hamburger
释义

hamburger

See also: Hamburger

English

a hamburger patty

Alternative forms

  • hamburgher (dated)

Etymology

Shortening of Hamburger sandwich, Hamburger steak, etc.; or, less likely, borrowed from German Hamburger (“native of Hamburg”), equivalent to Hamburg +‎ -er. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈhæmˌbɜː.ɡə/, /ˈhæm.bə.ɡə/
  • (US) IPA(key): /ˈhæmˌbɝ.ɡɚ/, /ˈhæm.bɚ.ɡɚ/
  • Audio (RP)(file)

Noun

hamburger (countable and uncountable, plural hamburgers)

  1. A hot sandwich consisting of a patty of cooked ground beef or a meat substitute, in a sliced bun, sometimes also containing salad vegetables, condiments, or both.
  2. The patty used in such a sandwich.
  3. (uncountable) Ground beef, especially that intended to be made into hamburgers.
  4. (US, colloquial, somewhat crude) An animal or human, or the flesh thereof, that has been badly injured as a result of an accident or conflict.
    The truck hit the deer and turned it into hamburger.
    I'm going to make you into hamburger if you do that again.
  5. (graphical user interface) Short for hamburger button.
    Coordinate terms: meatball, kebab, hamburger, bento

Synonyms

  • liberty sandwich (US, historical)
  • (sandwich): beefburger
  • (patty): hamburger patty

Hypernyms

  • (sandwich): burger

Hyponyms

(sandwich, patty):

  • slider
  • quarter-pounder
  • cheeseburger

Coordinate terms

(sandwich, patty):

  • chicken burger
  • fish burger
  • lamb burger
  • pork burger
  • vegeburger
  • soyburger

Derived terms

  • burger
  • cheeseburger
  • cheesehamburger
  • Chinese hamburger
  • gardenburger
  • hamburger button
  • hamburger icon
  • hamburger menu
  • hamburgerology
  • soyburger
  • vegeburger

Descendants

  • → Burmese: ဟမ်ဘာဂါ (hambhaga)
  • → Dutch: hamburger
  • → Estonian: hamburger
  • → French: hamburger
  • → German: Hamburger
    • → Bulgarian: хамбургер (hamburger)
  • → Hungarian: hamburger
  • → Japanese: ハンバーガー
  • → Khmer: ហាំប៊ឺហ្គឺ (hambɨɨgɨɨ)
  • → Korean: 햄버거 (haembeogeo)
  • → Macedonian: хамбургер (hamburger)
  • → Mongolian: хамбургер (xamburger)
  • → Persian: همبرگر‎
  • → Polish: hamburger
  • → Portuguese: hamburger
  • → Romanian: hamburger
  • → Russian: га́мбургер (gámburger)
    • → Mongolian: гамбургер (gamburger)
  • → Swahili: hambaga
  • → Thai: แฮมเบอร์เกอร์ (hɛm-bəə-gə̂ə)
  • → Vietnamese: hăm-bơ-gơ

Translations

ground beef — see ground beef

See also

  • 🍔 (hamburger emoji)

Verb

hamburger (third-person singular simple present hamburgers, present participle hamburgering, simple past and past participle hamburgered)

  1. To badly injure or damage.
    • 1944, C. G. Morris; Hugh B. Cave, “The Fightin’est Ship”: The Story of the Cruiser “Helena”, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, page 62:
      The men played baseball on coral diamonds that tore their shoes and clothes and hamburgered their hands.
    • 1981, John Nichols, The Nirvana Blues, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, page 283:
      And his tires triggered no Claymore mines or Bouncing Betties that might have hamburgered his vehicle with him in it.
    • 1994, Beatrice Sparks (falsely indicated as editor), It Happened to Nancy: By an Anonymous Teenager, a True Story from Her Diary, Avon Books, published 2005, →ISBN, page 133:
      My tears are like gagged pieces of ice cutting up my eyeballs and hamburgering my face.
    • 2014, Shannon Galpin, Mountain to Mountain: A Journey of Adventure and Activism for the Women of Afghanistan, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, page 47:
      It’s a trail that has taken more than its fair share of blood, my first flat tire, and hamburgered my entire forearm on a descent.
    • 2019, Christopher McDougall, Running with Sherman: The Donkey with the Heart of a Hero, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, page 51:
      Ken broke three fingers and hamburgered his legs, but he still got to his feet, chased down his burro, and continued on to the finish line.
    • 2020, Lynn Stansbury, Crossing the Divide, Bloomington, Ind.: iUniverse:
      Why they didn’t both break their necks or get hamburgered by cloven hooves was a mystery.

Czech

Noun

hamburger m

  1. hamburger (a hot sandwich consisting of a patty of cooked ground beef, in a sliced bun, sometimes also containing salad vegetables, condiments, or both)

Declension

Declension of hamburger
singularplural
nominativehamburgerhamburgery, hamburgru
genitivehamburgeru, hamburgruhamburgerů, hamburgrů
dativehamburgeru, hamburgruhamburgerům, hamburgrům
accusativehamburgerhamburgery, hamburgry
vocativehamburgere, hamburgre, hamburgřehamburgery, hamburgry
locativehamburgeru, hamburgruhamburgerech, hamburgrech
instrumentalhamburgerem, hamburgremhamburgery, hamburgry

Synonyms

  • hambáč

Further reading

  • hamburger in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu

Dutch

Deze hamburger is lekker!
This hamburger is tasty!

Etymology

Borrowed from English hamburger.

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: ham‧bur‧ger

Noun

hamburger m (plural hamburgers, diminutive hamburgertje n)

  1. hamburger

Estonian

Etymology

English hamburger.

Noun

hamburger (genitive hamburgeri, partitive hamburgerit or hamburgeri)

  1. hamburger
    Synonyms: burger, burks

Inflection

Inflection of hamburger (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation)
singularplural
nominativehamburgerhamburgerid
accusativehamburgerihamburgerid
genitivehamburgerihamburgerite
partitivehamburgerithamburgereid
illativehamburgerissehamburgeritesse
hamburgereisse
inessivehamburgerishamburgerites
hamburgereis
elativehamburgeristhamburgeritest
hamburgereist
allativehamburgerilehamburgeritele
hamburgereile
adessivehamburgerilhamburgeritel
hamburgereil
ablativehamburgerilthamburgeritelt
hamburgereilt
translativehamburgerikshamburgeriteks
hamburgereiks
terminativehamburgerinihamburgeriteni
essivehamburgerinahamburgeritena
abessivehamburgeritahamburgeriteta
comitativehamburgerigahamburgeritega
Inflection of hamburger (ÕS type 19/seminar, no gradation)
singularplural
nominativehamburgerhamburgerid
accusativehamburgerihamburgerid
genitivehamburgerihamburgeride
partitivehamburgerihamburgere
hamburgerisid
illativehamburgeri
hamburgerisse		hamburgeridesse
hamburgeresse
inessivehamburgerishamburgerides
hamburgeres
elativehamburgeristhamburgeridest
hamburgerest
allativehamburgerilehamburgeridele
hamburgerele
adessivehamburgerilhamburgeridel
hamburgerel
ablativehamburgerilthamburgeridelt
hamburgerelt
translativehamburgerikshamburgerideks
hamburgereks
terminativehamburgerinihamburgerideni
essivehamburgerinahamburgeridena
abessivehamburgeritahamburgerideta
comitativehamburgerigahamburgeridega

Derived terms

  • burger

Further reading

  • hamburger in Sõnaveeb

French

Etymology

From English hamburger, from German Hamburger.

Pronunciation

  • (France) (aspirated h) IPA(key): /ɑ̃.bœʁ.ɡœʁ/, /ɑ̃.buʁ.ɡɛʁ/
  • audio (France, Paris)(file)
  • audio (France, Normandy)(file)
  • (Quebec) (aspirated h) IPA(key): /ɑ̃.bœʁ.ɡœʁ/
  • Audio (Quebec, Montreal)(file)
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -œʁ
  • Homophone: hamburgers

Noun

hamburger m (plural hamburgers)

  1. hamburger
    Synonym: hambourgeois

Further reading

  • “hamburger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Hungarian

hamburger

Etymology

From English hamburger.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈhɒmburɡɛr]
  • Hyphenation: ham‧bur‧ger
  • Rhymes: -ɛr

Noun

hamburger (plural hamburgerek)

  1. hamburger (hot sandwich)
    Synonym: (clipping) hambi

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singularplural
nominativehamburgerhamburgerek
accusativehamburgerthamburgereket
dativehamburgernekhamburgereknek
instrumentalhamburgerrelhamburgerekkel
causal-finalhamburgerérthamburgerekért
translativehamburgerréhamburgerekké
terminativehamburgerighamburgerekig
essive-formalhamburgerkénthamburgerekként
essive-modal——
inessivehamburgerbenhamburgerekben
superessivehamburgerenhamburgereken
adessivehamburgernélhamburgereknél
illativehamburgerbehamburgerekbe
sublativehamburgerrehamburgerekre
allativehamburgerhezhamburgerekhez
elativehamburgerbőlhamburgerekből
delativehamburgerrőlhamburgerekről
ablativehamburgertőlhamburgerektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular		hamburgeréhamburgereké
non-attributive
possessive - plural		hamburgeréihamburgerekéi
Possessive forms of hamburger
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.hamburgeremhamburgereim
2nd person sing.hamburgeredhamburgereid
3rd person sing.hamburgerehamburgerei
1st person pluralhamburgerünkhamburgereink
2nd person pluralhamburgeretekhamburgereitek
3rd person pluralhamburgerükhamburgereik

Derived terms

  • hambi
  • hamburgeres
  • hamburgerezik
  • burger
  • sajtburger

References

  1. Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Italian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /amˈbur.ɡer/[1]
  • Rhymes: -urɡer

Noun

hamburger m (invariable)

  1. hamburger
    Synonym: svizzera

References

  1. hamburger in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From German Hamburger and English hamburger.

Noun

hamburger m (definite singular hamburgeren, indefinite plural hamburgere, definite plural hamburgerne)

  1. a Hamburger (person from Hamburg)
  2. a hamburger (fast food)

See also

  • hamburgar (Nynorsk)

References

  • “hamburger” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from English hamburger.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xamˈbur.ɡɛr/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -urɡɛr
  • Syllabification: ham‧bur‧ger

Noun

hamburger m inan

  1. hamburger (sandwich and patty)
  2. (derogatory) an American

Declension

Declension of hamburger
singularplural
nominativehamburgerhamburgery
genitivehamburgerahamburgerów
dativehamburgerowihamburgerom
accusativehamburger/hamburgerahamburgery
instrumentalhamburgeremhamburgerami
locativehamburgerzehamburgerach
vocativehamburgerzehamburgery

Derived terms

adjective
  • hamburgerowy

Further reading

  • hamburger in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • hamburger in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English hamburger, from German Hamburger.

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ɐ̃ˈbuʁ.ɡeʁ/ [ɐ̃ˈbuɦ.ɡeh]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ɐ̃ˈbuɾ.ɡeɾ/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ɐ̃ˈbuʁ.ɡeʁ/ [ɐ̃ˈbuʁ.ɡeχ]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ɐ̃ˈbuɻ.ɡeɻ/
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐ̃ˈbuɾ.ɡɛɾ/ [ɐ̃ˈbuɾ.ɣɛɾ]

Noun

hamburger m (plural hamburgers)

  1. Alternative form of hambúrguer

Romanian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English hamburger or French hamburger.

Noun

hamburger m (plural hamburgeri)

  1. hamburger

Declension

Declension of hamburger
singularplural
indefinite articulationdefinite articulationindefinite articulationdefinite articulation
nominative/accusative(un) hamburgerhamburgerul(niște) hamburgerihamburgerii
genitive/dative(unui) hamburgerhamburgerului(unor) hamburgerihamburgerilor
vocativehamburgerulehamburgerilor

Turkish

Etymology

From German Hamburger.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [hɑm.ˈbuɾ.ɟæɾ]

Noun

hamburger

  1. hamburger

Declension

Inflection
Nominativehamburger
Definite accusativehamburgeri
SingularPlural
Nominativehamburgerhamburgerler
Definite accusativehamburgerihamburgerleri
Dativehamburgerehamburgerlere
Locativehamburgerdehamburgerlerde
Ablativehamburgerdenhamburgerlerden
Genitivehamburgerinhamburgerlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
SingularPlural
1st singularhamburgerimhamburgerlerim
2nd singularhamburgerinhamburgerlerin
3rd singularhamburgerihamburgerleri
1st pluralhamburgerimizhamburgerlerimiz
2nd pluralhamburgerinizhamburgerleriniz
3rd pluralhamburgerlerihamburgerleri
Definite accusative
SingularPlural
1st singularhamburgerimihamburgerlerimi
2nd singularhamburgerinihamburgerlerini
3rd singularhamburgerinihamburgerlerini
1st pluralhamburgerimizihamburgerlerimizi
2nd pluralhamburgerinizihamburgerlerinizi
3rd pluralhamburgerlerinihamburgerlerini
Dative
SingularPlural
1st singularhamburgerimehamburgerlerime
2nd singularhamburgerinehamburgerlerine
3rd singularhamburgerinehamburgerlerine
1st pluralhamburgerimizehamburgerlerimize
2nd pluralhamburgerinizehamburgerlerinize
3rd pluralhamburgerlerinehamburgerlerine
Locative
SingularPlural
1st singularhamburgerimdehamburgerlerimde
2nd singularhamburgerindehamburgerlerinde
3rd singularhamburgerindehamburgerlerinde
1st pluralhamburgerimizdehamburgerlerimizde
2nd pluralhamburgerinizdehamburgerlerinizde
3rd pluralhamburgerlerindehamburgerlerinde
Ablative
SingularPlural
1st singularhamburgerimdenhamburgerlerimden
2nd singularhamburgerindenhamburgerlerinden
3rd singularhamburgerindenhamburgerlerinden
1st pluralhamburgerimizdenhamburgerlerimizden
2nd pluralhamburgerinizdenhamburgerlerinizden
3rd pluralhamburgerlerindenhamburgerlerinden
Genitive
SingularPlural
1st singularhamburgeriminhamburgerlerimin
2nd singularhamburgerininhamburgerlerinin
3rd singularhamburgerininhamburgerlerinin
1st pluralhamburgerimizinhamburgerlerimizin
2nd pluralhamburgerinizinhamburgerlerinizin
3rd pluralhamburgerlerininhamburgerlerinin
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