gyűlik

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably borrowed from a Chuvash-type Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries)[1] + -ik.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈɟyːlik]
Hyphenation: gyű‧lik
Rhymes: -yːlik

Verb

gyűlik

(intransitive) to gather, assemble
Synonyms: csoportosul, tömörül
(intransitive) to be accumulating, be piling up
Synonym: halmozódik
(intransitive) to fester
Synonym: gennyesedik

Usage notes

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. Similarly, the archaic -ék is not possible, either, in the subjunctive or conditional 3rd-person singular forms, i.e. -jék or -nék, only -jon/-jen-jön can appear as their subjunctive 3rd-person singular forms and -na/-ne as their conditional 3rd-person singular forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

conjugation of gyűlik

			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	gyűlök	gyűlsz	gyűlik	gyűlünk	gyűltök	gyűlnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	gyűltem	gyűltél	gyűlt	gyűltünk	gyűltetek	gyűltek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	gyűlnék	gyűlnél	gyűlne	gyűlnénk	gyűlnétek	gyűlnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	gyűljek	gyűlj or gyűljél	gyűljön	gyűljünk	gyűljetek	gyűljenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Infinitive	gyűlni		gyűlnöm	gyűlnöd	gyűlnie	gyűlnünk	gyűlnötök	gyűlniük
Other nonfinite verb forms			Verbal noun	Present participle	Past participle	Future part.	Adverbial part.	Potential
Other nonfinite verb forms			gyűlés	gyűlő	gyűlt	―	gyűlve	gyűlhet

Derived terms

gyülekezik
gyülevész
gyűlés

(With verbal prefixes):

begyűlik
egybegyűlik
felgyűlik
kigyűlik
meggyűlik
összegyűlik

References

gyűlik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)