guqula
Xhosa
Verb
-guqula
- (transitive) to change
- (transitive) to translate
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
- -guquka
Zulu
Verb
-guqula?
- (transitive) to change, to alter
- (transitive) to turn around, to turn over
Inflection
Tone unknown | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukuguqula | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukuguqula | ukungaguquli | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | guqula | -guqule | |||||||
Plural | guqulani | -guquleni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyaguqula, ngiguqula | engiguqulayo, engiguqula | ngiguqula | angiguquli | engingaguquli | ngingaguquli | |||
2nd singular | uyaguqula, uguqula | oguqulayo, oguqula | uguqula | awuguquli | ongaguquli | ungaguquli | |||
1st plural | siyaguqula, siguqula | esiguqulayo, esiguqula | siguqula | asiguquli | esingaguquli | singaguquli | |||
2nd plural | niyaguqula, niguqula | eniguqulayo, eniguqula | niguqula | aniguquli | eningaguquli | ningaguquli | |||
Class 1 | uyaguqula, uguqula | oguqulayo, oguqula | eguqula | akaguquli | ongaguquli | engaguquli | |||
Class 2 | bayaguqula, baguqula | abaguqulayo, abaguqula | beguqula | abaguquli | abangaguquli | bengaguquli | |||
Class 3 | uyaguqula, uguqula | oguqulayo, oguqula | uguqula | awuguquli | ongaguquli | ungaguquli | |||
Class 4 | iyaguqula, iguqula | eguqulayo, eguqula | iguqula | ayiguquli | engaguquli | ingaguquli | |||
Class 5 | liyaguqula, liguqula | eliguqulayo, eliguqula | liguqula | aliguquli | elingaguquli | lingaguquli | |||
Class 6 | ayaguqula, aguqula | aguqulayo, aguqula | eguqula | awaguquli | angaguquli | engaguquli | |||
Class 7 | siyaguqula, siguqula | esiguqulayo, esiguqula | siguqula | asiguquli | esingaguquli | singaguquli | |||
Class 8 | ziyaguqula, ziguqula | eziguqulayo, eziguqula | ziguqula | aziguquli | ezingaguquli | zingaguquli | |||
Class 9 | iyaguqula, iguqula | eguqulayo, eguqula | iguqula | ayiguquli | engaguquli | ingaguquli | |||
Class 10 | ziyaguqula, ziguqula | eziguqulayo, eziguqula | ziguqula | aziguquli | ezingaguquli | zingaguquli | |||
Class 11 | luyaguqula, luguqula | oluguqulayo, oluguqula | luguqula | aluguquli | olungaguquli | lungaguquli | |||
Class 14 | buyaguqula, buguqula | obuguqulayo, obuguqula | buguqula | abuguquli | obungaguquli | bungaguquli | |||
Class 15 | kuyaguqula, kuguqula | okuguqulayo, okuguqula | kuguqula | akuguquli | okungaguquli | kungaguquli | |||
Class 17 | kuyaguqula, kuguqula | okuguqulayo, okuguqula | kuguqula | akuguquli | okungaguquli | kungaguquli | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiguqulile, ngiguqulē | engiguqulile, engiguqulē | ngiguqulile, ngiguqulē | angiguqulanga | engingaguqulanga | ngingaguqulanga | |||
2nd singular | uguqulile, uguqulē | oguqulile, oguqulē | uguqulile, uguqulē | awuguqulanga | ongaguqulanga | ungaguqulanga | |||
1st plural | siguqulile, siguqulē | esiguqulile, esiguqulē | siguqulile, siguqulē | asiguqulanga | esingaguqulanga | singaguqulanga | |||
2nd plural | niguqulile, niguqulē | eniguqulile, eniguqulē | niguqulile, niguqulē | aniguqulanga | eningaguqulanga | ningaguqulanga | |||
Class 1 | uguqulile, uguqulē | oguqulile, oguqulē | eguqulile, eguqulē | akaguqulanga | ongaguqulanga | engaguqulanga | |||
Class 2 | baguqulile, baguqulē | abaguqulile, abaguqulē | beguqulile, beguqulē | abaguqulanga | abangaguqulanga | bengaguqulanga | |||
Class 3 | uguqulile, uguqulē | oguqulile, oguqulē | uguqulile, uguqulē | awuguqulanga | ongaguqulanga | ungaguqulanga | |||
Class 4 | iguqulile, iguqulē | eguqulile, eguqulē | iguqulile, iguqulē | ayiguqulanga | engaguqulanga | ingaguqulanga | |||
Class 5 | liguqulile, liguqulē | eliguqulile, eliguqulē | liguqulile, liguqulē | aliguqulanga | elingaguqulanga | lingaguqulanga | |||
Class 6 | aguqulile, aguqulē | aguqulile, aguqulē | eguqulile, eguqulē | awaguqulanga | angaguqulanga | engaguqulanga | |||
Class 7 | siguqulile, siguqulē | esiguqulile, esiguqulē | siguqulile, siguqulē | asiguqulanga | esingaguqulanga | singaguqulanga | |||
Class 8 | ziguqulile, ziguqulē | eziguqulile, eziguqulē | ziguqulile, ziguqulē | aziguqulanga | ezingaguqulanga | zingaguqulanga | |||
Class 9 | iguqulile, iguqulē | eguqulile, eguqulē | iguqulile, iguqulē | ayiguqulanga | engaguqulanga | ingaguqulanga | |||
Class 10 | ziguqulile, ziguqulē | eziguqulile, eziguqulē | ziguqulile, ziguqulē | aziguqulanga | ezingaguqulanga | zingaguqulanga | |||
Class 11 | luguqulile, luguqulē | oluguqulile, oluguqulē | luguqulile, luguqulē | aluguqulanga | olungaguqulanga | lungaguqulanga | |||
Class 14 | buguqulile, buguqulē | obuguqulile, obuguqulē | buguqulile, buguqulē | abuguqulanga | obungaguqulanga | bungaguqulanga | |||
Class 15 | kuguqulile, kuguqulē | okuguqulile, okuguqulē | kuguqulile, kuguqulē | akuguqulanga | okungaguqulanga | kungaguqulanga | |||
Class 17 | kuguqulile, kuguqulē | okuguqulile, okuguqulē | kuguqulile, kuguqulē | akuguqulanga | okungaguqulanga | kungaguqulanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāguqula | engāguqula | ngāguqula | angiguqulanga | engingaguqulanga | ngingaguqulanga | |||
2nd singular | wāguqula | owāguqula | wāguqula | awuguqulanga | ongaguqulanga | ungaguqulanga | |||
1st plural | sāguqula | esāguqula | sāguqula | asiguqulanga | esingaguqulanga | singaguqulanga | |||
2nd plural | nāguqula | enāguqula | nāguqula | aniguqulanga | eningaguqulanga | ningaguqulanga | |||
Class 1 | wāguqula | owāguqula | āguqula | akaguqulanga | ongaguqulanga | engaguqulanga | |||
Class 2 | bāguqula | abāguqula | bāguqula | abaguqulanga | abangaguqulanga | bengaguqulanga | |||
Class 3 | wāguqula | owāguqula | wāguqula | awuguqulanga | ongaguqulanga | ungaguqulanga | |||
Class 4 | yāguqula | eyāguqula | yāguqula | ayiguqulanga | engaguqulanga | ingaguqulanga | |||
Class 5 | lāguqula | elāguqula | lāguqula | aliguqulanga | elingaguqulanga | lingaguqulanga | |||
Class 6 | āguqula | āguqula | āguqula | awaguqulanga | angaguqulanga | engaguqulanga | |||
Class 7 | sāguqula | esāguqula | sāguqula | asiguqulanga | esingaguqulanga | singaguqulanga | |||
Class 8 | zāguqula | ezāguqula | zāguqula | aziguqulanga | ezingaguqulanga | zingaguqulanga | |||
Class 9 | yāguqula | eyāguqula | yāguqula | ayiguqulanga | engaguqulanga | ingaguqulanga | |||
Class 10 | zāguqula | ezāguqula | zāguqula | aziguqulanga | ezingaguqulanga | zingaguqulanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāguqula | olwāguqula | lwāguqula | aluguqulanga | olungaguqulanga | lungaguqulanga | |||
Class 14 | bāguqula | obāguqula | bāguqula | abuguqulanga | obungaguqulanga | bungaguqulanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāguqula | okwāguqula | kwāguqula | akuguqulanga | okungaguqulanga | kungaguqulanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāguqula | okwāguqula | kwāguqula | akuguqulanga | okungaguqulanga | kungaguqulanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingaguqula | — | ngingaguqula | ngingeguqule | — | ngingeguqule | |||
2nd singular | ungaguqula | — | ungaguqula | ungeguqule | — | ungeguqule | |||
1st plural | singaguqula | — | singaguqula | singeguqule | — | singeguqule | |||
2nd plural | ningaguqula | — | ningaguqula | ningeguqule | — | ningeguqule | |||
Class 1 | angaguqula | — | engaguqula | angeguqule | — | engeguqule | |||
Class 2 | bangaguqula | — | bengaguqula | bangeguqule | — | bengeguqule | |||
Class 3 | ungaguqula | — | ungaguqula | ungeguqule | — | ungeguqule | |||
Class 4 | ingaguqula | — | ingaguqula | ingeguqule | — | ingeguqule | |||
Class 5 | lingaguqula | — | lingaguqula | lingeguqule | — | lingeguqule | |||
Class 6 | angaguqula | — | engaguqula | angeguqule | — | engeguqule | |||
Class 7 | singaguqula | — | singaguqula | singeguqule | — | singeguqule | |||
Class 8 | zingaguqula | — | zingaguqula | zingeguqule | — | zingeguqule | |||
Class 9 | ingaguqula | — | ingaguqula | ingeguqule | — | ingeguqule | |||
Class 10 | zingaguqula | — | zingaguqula | zingeguqule | — | zingeguqule | |||
Class 11 | lungaguqula | — | lungaguqula | lungeguqule | — | lungeguqule | |||
Class 14 | bungaguqula | — | bungaguqula | bungeguqule | — | bungeguqule | |||
Class 15 | kungaguqula | — | kungaguqula | kungeguqule | — | kungeguqule | |||
Class 17 | kungaguqula | — | kungaguqula | kungeguqule | — | kungeguqule | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizoguqula | engizoguqula | ngizoguqula | angizuguqula | — | ngingezuguqula | |||
2nd singular | uzoguqula | ozoguqula | uzoguqula | awuzuguqula | — | ungezuguqula | |||
1st plural | sizoguqula | esizoguqula | sizoguqula | asizuguqula | — | singezuguqula | |||
2nd plural | nizoguqula | enizoguqula | nizoguqula | anizuguqula | — | ningezuguqula | |||
Class 1 | uzoguqula | ozoguqula | ezoguqula | akazuguqula | — | engezuguqula | |||
Class 2 | bazoguqula | abazoguqula | bezoguqula | abazuguqula | — | bengezuguqula | |||
Class 3 | uzoguqula | ozoguqula | uzoguqula | awuzuguqula | — | ungezuguqula | |||
Class 4 | izoguqula | ezoguqula | izoguqula | ayizuguqula | — | ingezuguqula | |||
Class 5 | lizoguqula | elizoguqula | lizoguqula | alizuguqula | — | lingezuguqula | |||
Class 6 | azoguqula | azoguqula | ezoguqula | awazuguqula | — | engezuguqula | |||
Class 7 | sizoguqula | esizoguqula | sizoguqula | asizuguqula | — | singezuguqula | |||
Class 8 | zizoguqula | ezizoguqula | zizoguqula | azizuguqula | — | zingezuguqula | |||
Class 9 | izoguqula | ezoguqula | izoguqula | ayizuguqula | — | ingezuguqula | |||
Class 10 | zizoguqula | ezizoguqula | zizoguqula | azizuguqula | — | zingezuguqula | |||
Class 11 | luzoguqula | oluzoguqula | luzoguqula | aluzuguqula | — | lungezuguqula | |||
Class 14 | buzoguqula | obuzoguqula | buzoguqula | abuzuguqula | — | bungezuguqula | |||
Class 15 | kuzoguqula | okuzoguqula | kuzoguqula | akuzuguqula | — | kungezuguqula | |||
Class 17 | kuzoguqula | okuzoguqula | kuzoguqula | akuzuguqula | — | kungezuguqula | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyoguqula | engiyoguqula | ngiyoguqula | angiyuguqula | — | ngingeyuguqula | |||
2nd singular | uyoguqula | oyoguqula | uyoguqula | awuyuguqula | — | ungeyuguqula | |||
1st plural | siyoguqula | esiyoguqula | siyoguqula | asiyuguqula | — | singeyuguqula | |||
2nd plural | niyoguqula | eniyoguqula | niyoguqula | aniyuguqula | — | ningeyuguqula | |||
Class 1 | uyoguqula | oyoguqula | eyoguqula | akayuguqula | — | engeyuguqula | |||
Class 2 | bayoguqula | abayoguqula | beyoguqula | abayuguqula | — | bengeyuguqula | |||
Class 3 | uyoguqula | oyoguqula | uyoguqula | awuyuguqula | — | ungeyuguqula | |||
Class 4 | iyoguqula | eyoguqula | iyoguqula | ayiyuguqula | — | ingeyuguqula | |||
Class 5 | liyoguqula | eliyoguqula | liyoguqula | aliyuguqula | — | lingeyuguqula | |||
Class 6 | ayoguqula | ayoguqula | eyoguqula | awayuguqula | — | engeyuguqula | |||
Class 7 | siyoguqula | esiyoguqula | siyoguqula | asiyuguqula | — | singeyuguqula | |||
Class 8 | ziyoguqula | eziyoguqula | ziyoguqula | aziyuguqula | — | zingeyuguqula | |||
Class 9 | iyoguqula | eyoguqula | iyoguqula | ayiyuguqula | — | ingeyuguqula | |||
Class 10 | ziyoguqula | eziyoguqula | ziyoguqula | aziyuguqula | — | zingeyuguqula | |||
Class 11 | luyoguqula | oluyoguqula | luyoguqula | aluyuguqula | — | lungeyuguqula | |||
Class 14 | buyoguqula | obuyoguqula | buyoguqula | abuyuguqula | — | bungeyuguqula | |||
Class 15 | kuyoguqula | okuyoguqula | kuyoguqula | akuyuguqula | — | kungeyuguqula | |||
Class 17 | kuyoguqula | okuyoguqula | kuyoguqula | akuyuguqula | — | kungeyuguqula | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngiguqule | ngingaguquli | |||||||
2nd singular | uguqule | ungaguquli | |||||||
1st plural | siguqule | singaguquli | |||||||
2nd plural | niguqule | ningaguquli | |||||||
Class 1 | aguqule | angaguquli | |||||||
Class 2 | baguqule | bangaguquli | |||||||
Class 3 | uguqule | ungaguquli | |||||||
Class 4 | iguqule | ingaguquli | |||||||
Class 5 | liguqule | lingaguquli | |||||||
Class 6 | aguqule | angaguquli | |||||||
Class 7 | siguqule | singaguquli | |||||||
Class 8 | ziguqule | zingaguquli | |||||||
Class 9 | iguqule | ingaguquli | |||||||
Class 10 | ziguqule | zingaguquli | |||||||
Class 11 | luguqule | lungaguquli | |||||||
Class 14 | buguqule | bungaguquli | |||||||
Class 15 | kuguqule | kungaguquli | |||||||
Class 17 | kuguqule | kungaguquli | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngaguqula | ngangaguqula, angaguqula, angangaguqula | |||||||
2nd singular | waguqula | wangaguqula, awaguqula, awangaguqula | |||||||
1st plural | saguqula | sangaguqula, asaguqula, asangaguqula | |||||||
2nd plural | naguqula | nangaguqula, anaguqula, anangaguqula | |||||||
Class 1 | waguqula | wangaguqula, akaguqula, akangaguqula | |||||||
Class 2 | baguqula | bangaguqula, abaguqula, abangaguqula | |||||||
Class 3 | waguqula | wangaguqula, awaguqula, awangaguqula | |||||||
Class 4 | yaguqula | yangaguqula, ayaguqula, ayangaguqula | |||||||
Class 5 | laguqula | langaguqula, alaguqula, alangaguqula | |||||||
Class 6 | aguqula | angaguqula, awaguqula, awangaguqula | |||||||
Class 7 | saguqula | sangaguqula, asaguqula, asangaguqula | |||||||
Class 8 | zaguqula | zangaguqula, azaguqula, azangaguqula | |||||||
Class 9 | yaguqula | yangaguqula, ayaguqula, ayangaguqula | |||||||
Class 10 | zaguqula | zangaguqula, azaguqula, azangaguqula | |||||||
Class 11 | lwaguqula | lwangaguqula, alwaguqula, alwangaguqula | |||||||
Class 14 | baguqula | bangaguqula, abaguqula, abangaguqula | |||||||
Class 15 | kwaguqula | kwangaguqula, akwaguqula, akwangaguqula | |||||||
Class 17 | kwaguqula | kwangaguqula, akwaguqula, akwangaguqula |
Related terms
- -guquka
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “guqula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “guqula (3.2.9)”