gulisa
Zulu
Etymology
From -gula + -isa.
Verb
-gulisa?
- (transitive) to make ill, to make sick
Inflection
Tone unknown | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukugulisa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukugulisa | ukungagulisi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | gulisa | -gulise | |||||||
Plural | gulisani | -guliseni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyagulisa, ngigulisa | engigulisayo, engigulisa | ngigulisa | angigulisi | engingagulisi | ngingagulisi | |||
2nd singular | uyagulisa, ugulisa | ogulisayo, ogulisa | ugulisa | awugulisi | ongagulisi | ungagulisi | |||
1st plural | siyagulisa, sigulisa | esigulisayo, esigulisa | sigulisa | asigulisi | esingagulisi | singagulisi | |||
2nd plural | niyagulisa, nigulisa | enigulisayo, enigulisa | nigulisa | anigulisi | eningagulisi | ningagulisi | |||
Class 1 | uyagulisa, ugulisa | ogulisayo, ogulisa | egulisa | akagulisi | ongagulisi | engagulisi | |||
Class 2 | bayagulisa, bagulisa | abagulisayo, abagulisa | begulisa | abagulisi | abangagulisi | bengagulisi | |||
Class 3 | uyagulisa, ugulisa | ogulisayo, ogulisa | ugulisa | awugulisi | ongagulisi | ungagulisi | |||
Class 4 | iyagulisa, igulisa | egulisayo, egulisa | igulisa | ayigulisi | engagulisi | ingagulisi | |||
Class 5 | liyagulisa, ligulisa | eligulisayo, eligulisa | ligulisa | aligulisi | elingagulisi | lingagulisi | |||
Class 6 | ayagulisa, agulisa | agulisayo, agulisa | egulisa | awagulisi | angagulisi | engagulisi | |||
Class 7 | siyagulisa, sigulisa | esigulisayo, esigulisa | sigulisa | asigulisi | esingagulisi | singagulisi | |||
Class 8 | ziyagulisa, zigulisa | ezigulisayo, ezigulisa | zigulisa | azigulisi | ezingagulisi | zingagulisi | |||
Class 9 | iyagulisa, igulisa | egulisayo, egulisa | igulisa | ayigulisi | engagulisi | ingagulisi | |||
Class 10 | ziyagulisa, zigulisa | ezigulisayo, ezigulisa | zigulisa | azigulisi | ezingagulisi | zingagulisi | |||
Class 11 | luyagulisa, lugulisa | olugulisayo, olugulisa | lugulisa | alugulisi | olungagulisi | lungagulisi | |||
Class 14 | buyagulisa, bugulisa | obugulisayo, obugulisa | bugulisa | abugulisi | obungagulisi | bungagulisi | |||
Class 15 | kuyagulisa, kugulisa | okugulisayo, okugulisa | kugulisa | akugulisi | okungagulisi | kungagulisi | |||
Class 17 | kuyagulisa, kugulisa | okugulisayo, okugulisa | kugulisa | akugulisi | okungagulisi | kungagulisi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngigulisile, ngigulisē | engigulisile, engigulisē | ngigulisile, ngigulisē | angigulisanga | engingagulisanga | ngingagulisanga | |||
2nd singular | ugulisile, ugulisē | ogulisile, ogulisē | ugulisile, ugulisē | awugulisanga | ongagulisanga | ungagulisanga | |||
1st plural | sigulisile, sigulisē | esigulisile, esigulisē | sigulisile, sigulisē | asigulisanga | esingagulisanga | singagulisanga | |||
2nd plural | nigulisile, nigulisē | enigulisile, enigulisē | nigulisile, nigulisē | anigulisanga | eningagulisanga | ningagulisanga | |||
Class 1 | ugulisile, ugulisē | ogulisile, ogulisē | egulisile, egulisē | akagulisanga | ongagulisanga | engagulisanga | |||
Class 2 | bagulisile, bagulisē | abagulisile, abagulisē | begulisile, begulisē | abagulisanga | abangagulisanga | bengagulisanga | |||
Class 3 | ugulisile, ugulisē | ogulisile, ogulisē | ugulisile, ugulisē | awugulisanga | ongagulisanga | ungagulisanga | |||
Class 4 | igulisile, igulisē | egulisile, egulisē | igulisile, igulisē | ayigulisanga | engagulisanga | ingagulisanga | |||
Class 5 | ligulisile, ligulisē | eligulisile, eligulisē | ligulisile, ligulisē | aligulisanga | elingagulisanga | lingagulisanga | |||
Class 6 | agulisile, agulisē | agulisile, agulisē | egulisile, egulisē | awagulisanga | angagulisanga | engagulisanga | |||
Class 7 | sigulisile, sigulisē | esigulisile, esigulisē | sigulisile, sigulisē | asigulisanga | esingagulisanga | singagulisanga | |||
Class 8 | zigulisile, zigulisē | ezigulisile, ezigulisē | zigulisile, zigulisē | azigulisanga | ezingagulisanga | zingagulisanga | |||
Class 9 | igulisile, igulisē | egulisile, egulisē | igulisile, igulisē | ayigulisanga | engagulisanga | ingagulisanga | |||
Class 10 | zigulisile, zigulisē | ezigulisile, ezigulisē | zigulisile, zigulisē | azigulisanga | ezingagulisanga | zingagulisanga | |||
Class 11 | lugulisile, lugulisē | olugulisile, olugulisē | lugulisile, lugulisē | alugulisanga | olungagulisanga | lungagulisanga | |||
Class 14 | bugulisile, bugulisē | obugulisile, obugulisē | bugulisile, bugulisē | abugulisanga | obungagulisanga | bungagulisanga | |||
Class 15 | kugulisile, kugulisē | okugulisile, okugulisē | kugulisile, kugulisē | akugulisanga | okungagulisanga | kungagulisanga | |||
Class 17 | kugulisile, kugulisē | okugulisile, okugulisē | kugulisile, kugulisē | akugulisanga | okungagulisanga | kungagulisanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāgulisa | engāgulisa | ngāgulisa | angigulisanga | engingagulisanga | ngingagulisanga | |||
2nd singular | wāgulisa | owāgulisa | wāgulisa | awugulisanga | ongagulisanga | ungagulisanga | |||
1st plural | sāgulisa | esāgulisa | sāgulisa | asigulisanga | esingagulisanga | singagulisanga | |||
2nd plural | nāgulisa | enāgulisa | nāgulisa | anigulisanga | eningagulisanga | ningagulisanga | |||
Class 1 | wāgulisa | owāgulisa | āgulisa | akagulisanga | ongagulisanga | engagulisanga | |||
Class 2 | bāgulisa | abāgulisa | bāgulisa | abagulisanga | abangagulisanga | bengagulisanga | |||
Class 3 | wāgulisa | owāgulisa | wāgulisa | awugulisanga | ongagulisanga | ungagulisanga | |||
Class 4 | yāgulisa | eyāgulisa | yāgulisa | ayigulisanga | engagulisanga | ingagulisanga | |||
Class 5 | lāgulisa | elāgulisa | lāgulisa | aligulisanga | elingagulisanga | lingagulisanga | |||
Class 6 | āgulisa | āgulisa | āgulisa | awagulisanga | angagulisanga | engagulisanga | |||
Class 7 | sāgulisa | esāgulisa | sāgulisa | asigulisanga | esingagulisanga | singagulisanga | |||
Class 8 | zāgulisa | ezāgulisa | zāgulisa | azigulisanga | ezingagulisanga | zingagulisanga | |||
Class 9 | yāgulisa | eyāgulisa | yāgulisa | ayigulisanga | engagulisanga | ingagulisanga | |||
Class 10 | zāgulisa | ezāgulisa | zāgulisa | azigulisanga | ezingagulisanga | zingagulisanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāgulisa | olwāgulisa | lwāgulisa | alugulisanga | olungagulisanga | lungagulisanga | |||
Class 14 | bāgulisa | obāgulisa | bāgulisa | abugulisanga | obungagulisanga | bungagulisanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāgulisa | okwāgulisa | kwāgulisa | akugulisanga | okungagulisanga | kungagulisanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāgulisa | okwāgulisa | kwāgulisa | akugulisanga | okungagulisanga | kungagulisanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingagulisa | — | ngingagulisa | ngingegulise | — | ngingegulise | |||
2nd singular | ungagulisa | — | ungagulisa | ungegulise | — | ungegulise | |||
1st plural | singagulisa | — | singagulisa | singegulise | — | singegulise | |||
2nd plural | ningagulisa | — | ningagulisa | ningegulise | — | ningegulise | |||
Class 1 | angagulisa | — | engagulisa | angegulise | — | engegulise | |||
Class 2 | bangagulisa | — | bengagulisa | bangegulise | — | bengegulise | |||
Class 3 | ungagulisa | — | ungagulisa | ungegulise | — | ungegulise | |||
Class 4 | ingagulisa | — | ingagulisa | ingegulise | — | ingegulise | |||
Class 5 | lingagulisa | — | lingagulisa | lingegulise | — | lingegulise | |||
Class 6 | angagulisa | — | engagulisa | angegulise | — | engegulise | |||
Class 7 | singagulisa | — | singagulisa | singegulise | — | singegulise | |||
Class 8 | zingagulisa | — | zingagulisa | zingegulise | — | zingegulise | |||
Class 9 | ingagulisa | — | ingagulisa | ingegulise | — | ingegulise | |||
Class 10 | zingagulisa | — | zingagulisa | zingegulise | — | zingegulise | |||
Class 11 | lungagulisa | — | lungagulisa | lungegulise | — | lungegulise | |||
Class 14 | bungagulisa | — | bungagulisa | bungegulise | — | bungegulise | |||
Class 15 | kungagulisa | — | kungagulisa | kungegulise | — | kungegulise | |||
Class 17 | kungagulisa | — | kungagulisa | kungegulise | — | kungegulise | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizogulisa | engizogulisa | ngizogulisa | angizugulisa | engingezugulisa | ngingezugulisa | |||
2nd singular | uzogulisa | ozogulisa | uzogulisa | awuzugulisa | ongezugulisa | ungezugulisa | |||
1st plural | sizogulisa | esizogulisa | sizogulisa | asizugulisa | esingezugulisa | singezugulisa | |||
2nd plural | nizogulisa | enizogulisa | nizogulisa | anizugulisa | eningezugulisa | ningezugulisa | |||
Class 1 | uzogulisa | ozogulisa | ezogulisa | akazugulisa | ongezugulisa | engezugulisa | |||
Class 2 | bazogulisa | abazogulisa | bezogulisa | abazugulisa | abangezugulisa | bengezugulisa | |||
Class 3 | uzogulisa | ozogulisa | uzogulisa | awuzugulisa | ongezugulisa | ungezugulisa | |||
Class 4 | izogulisa | ezogulisa | izogulisa | ayizugulisa | engezugulisa | ingezugulisa | |||
Class 5 | lizogulisa | elizogulisa | lizogulisa | alizugulisa | elingezugulisa | lingezugulisa | |||
Class 6 | azogulisa | azogulisa | ezogulisa | awazugulisa | angezugulisa | engezugulisa | |||
Class 7 | sizogulisa | esizogulisa | sizogulisa | asizugulisa | esingezugulisa | singezugulisa | |||
Class 8 | zizogulisa | ezizogulisa | zizogulisa | azizugulisa | ezingezugulisa | zingezugulisa | |||
Class 9 | izogulisa | ezogulisa | izogulisa | ayizugulisa | engezugulisa | ingezugulisa | |||
Class 10 | zizogulisa | ezizogulisa | zizogulisa | azizugulisa | ezingezugulisa | zingezugulisa | |||
Class 11 | luzogulisa | oluzogulisa | luzogulisa | aluzugulisa | olungezugulisa | lungezugulisa | |||
Class 14 | buzogulisa | obuzogulisa | buzogulisa | abuzugulisa | obungezugulisa | bungezugulisa | |||
Class 15 | kuzogulisa | okuzogulisa | kuzogulisa | akuzugulisa | okungezugulisa | kungezugulisa | |||
Class 17 | kuzogulisa | okuzogulisa | kuzogulisa | akuzugulisa | okungezugulisa | kungezugulisa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyogulisa | engiyogulisa | ngiyogulisa | angiyugulisa | engingeyugulisa | ngingeyugulisa | |||
2nd singular | uyogulisa | oyogulisa | uyogulisa | awuyugulisa | ongeyugulisa | ungeyugulisa | |||
1st plural | siyogulisa | esiyogulisa | siyogulisa | asiyugulisa | esingeyugulisa | singeyugulisa | |||
2nd plural | niyogulisa | eniyogulisa | niyogulisa | aniyugulisa | eningeyugulisa | ningeyugulisa | |||
Class 1 | uyogulisa | oyogulisa | eyogulisa | akayugulisa | ongeyugulisa | engeyugulisa | |||
Class 2 | bayogulisa | abayogulisa | beyogulisa | abayugulisa | abangeyugulisa | bengeyugulisa | |||
Class 3 | uyogulisa | oyogulisa | uyogulisa | awuyugulisa | ongeyugulisa | ungeyugulisa | |||
Class 4 | iyogulisa | eyogulisa | iyogulisa | ayiyugulisa | engeyugulisa | ingeyugulisa | |||
Class 5 | liyogulisa | eliyogulisa | liyogulisa | aliyugulisa | elingeyugulisa | lingeyugulisa | |||
Class 6 | ayogulisa | ayogulisa | eyogulisa | awayugulisa | angeyugulisa | engeyugulisa | |||
Class 7 | siyogulisa | esiyogulisa | siyogulisa | asiyugulisa | esingeyugulisa | singeyugulisa | |||
Class 8 | ziyogulisa | eziyogulisa | ziyogulisa | aziyugulisa | ezingeyugulisa | zingeyugulisa | |||
Class 9 | iyogulisa | eyogulisa | iyogulisa | ayiyugulisa | engeyugulisa | ingeyugulisa | |||
Class 10 | ziyogulisa | eziyogulisa | ziyogulisa | aziyugulisa | ezingeyugulisa | zingeyugulisa | |||
Class 11 | luyogulisa | oluyogulisa | luyogulisa | aluyugulisa | olungeyugulisa | lungeyugulisa | |||
Class 14 | buyogulisa | obuyogulisa | buyogulisa | abuyugulisa | obungeyugulisa | bungeyugulisa | |||
Class 15 | kuyogulisa | okuyogulisa | kuyogulisa | akuyugulisa | okungeyugulisa | kungeyugulisa | |||
Class 17 | kuyogulisa | okuyogulisa | kuyogulisa | akuyugulisa | okungeyugulisa | kungeyugulisa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngigulise | ngingagulisi | |||||||
2nd singular | ugulise | ungagulisi | |||||||
1st plural | sigulise | singagulisi | |||||||
2nd plural | nigulise | ningagulisi | |||||||
Class 1 | agulise | angagulisi | |||||||
Class 2 | bagulise | bangagulisi | |||||||
Class 3 | ugulise | ungagulisi | |||||||
Class 4 | igulise | ingagulisi | |||||||
Class 5 | ligulise | lingagulisi | |||||||
Class 6 | agulise | angagulisi | |||||||
Class 7 | sigulise | singagulisi | |||||||
Class 8 | zigulise | zingagulisi | |||||||
Class 9 | igulise | ingagulisi | |||||||
Class 10 | zigulise | zingagulisi | |||||||
Class 11 | lugulise | lungagulisi | |||||||
Class 14 | bugulise | bungagulisi | |||||||
Class 15 | kugulise | kungagulisi | |||||||
Class 17 | kugulise | kungagulisi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngagulisa | ngangagulisa, angagulisa, angangagulisa | |||||||
2nd singular | wagulisa | wangagulisa, awagulisa, awangagulisa | |||||||
1st plural | sagulisa | sangagulisa, asagulisa, asangagulisa | |||||||
2nd plural | nagulisa | nangagulisa, anagulisa, anangagulisa | |||||||
Class 1 | wagulisa | wangagulisa, akagulisa, akangagulisa | |||||||
Class 2 | bagulisa | bangagulisa, abagulisa, abangagulisa | |||||||
Class 3 | wagulisa | wangagulisa, awagulisa, awangagulisa | |||||||
Class 4 | yagulisa | yangagulisa, ayagulisa, ayangagulisa | |||||||
Class 5 | lagulisa | langagulisa, alagulisa, alangagulisa | |||||||
Class 6 | agulisa | angagulisa, awagulisa, awangagulisa | |||||||
Class 7 | sagulisa | sangagulisa, asagulisa, asangagulisa | |||||||
Class 8 | zagulisa | zangagulisa, azagulisa, azangagulisa | |||||||
Class 9 | yagulisa | yangagulisa, ayagulisa, ayangagulisa | |||||||
Class 10 | zagulisa | zangagulisa, azagulisa, azangagulisa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwagulisa | lwangagulisa, alwagulisa, alwangagulisa | |||||||
Class 14 | bagulisa | bangagulisa, abagulisa, abangagulisa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwagulisa | kwangagulisa, akwagulisa, akwangagulisa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwagulisa | kwangagulisa, akwagulisa, akwangagulisa |