guardar
Catalan
Etymology
From Medieval Latin wardō, from Frankish *wardōn, from Proto-Germanic *wardāną (“to guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed, defend”). Cognates include English ward.
Verb
guardar (first-person singular present guardo, past participle guardat)
- to keep
- to order
- to clean
- (computing) to save
- Synonym: desar
Conjugation
Conjugation of guardar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | guardar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | guardant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | guardat | guardada | |||||
| plural | guardats | guardades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | guardo | guardes | guarda | guardem | guardeu | guarden | |
| imperfect | guardava | guardaves | guardava | guardàvem | guardàveu | guardaven | |
| future | guardaré | guardaràs | guardarà | guardarem | guardareu | guardaran | |
| preterite | guardí | guardares | guardà | guardàrem | guardàreu | guardaren | |
| conditional | guardaria | guardaries | guardaria | guardaríem | guardaríeu | guardarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | guardi | guardis | guardi | guardem | guardeu | guardin | |
| imperfect | guardés | guardessis | guardés | guardéssim | guardéssiu | guardessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | guarda | guardi | guardem | guardeu | guardin | ||
Derived terms
- esguardar
- guarda
- guardabosc
- guardacaps
- guardaespatlles
- guardapols
- guarderia
Related terms
- guàrdia
- guardià
Further reading
- “guardar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “guardar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “guardar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “guardar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Interlingua
Verb
guardar
- to guard
Conjugation
Conjugation of guardar
| infinitive | guardar | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| participle | present | perfect | |
| guardante | guardate | ||
| active | simple | perfect | |
| present | guarda | ha guardate | |
| past | guardava | habeva guardate | |
| future | guardara | habera guardate | |
| conditional | guardarea | haberea guardate | |
| imperative | guarda | ||
| passive | simple | perfect | |
| present | es guardate | ha essite guardate | |
| past | esseva guardate | habeva essite guardate | |
| future | essera guardate | habera essite guardate | |
| conditional | esserea guardate | haberea essite guardate | |
| imperative | sia guardate | ||
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Portuguese guardar, from Medieval Latin wardō, from Frankish *wardōn, from Proto-Germanic *wardāną (“to guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed, defend”). Cognates include English ward.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaɦˈda(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ɡwaɾˈda(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaʁˈda(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡwaɻˈda(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡwɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwɐɾˈðaɾ]
- (Nordestino) IPA(key): /ɡwaɦ.ˈda(h)/
- Hyphenation: guar‧dar
Verb
guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardei, past participle guardado)
- to save, keep, retain, preserve
- to protect, defend
- to put away (to put something in its usual storage place)
Conjugation
Conjugation of guardar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | guardar | |||||
| Personal | guardar | guardares | guardar | guardarmos | guardardes | guardarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| guardando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | guardado | guardados | ||||
| Feminine | guardada | guardadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | guardo | guardas | guarda | guardamos | guardais | guardam |
| Imperfect | guardava | guardavas | guardava | guardávamos | guardáveis | guardavam |
| Preterite | guardei | guardaste | guardou | guardamos1, guardámos2 | guardastes | guardaram |
| Pluperfect | guardara | guardaras | guardara | guardáramos | guardáreis | guardaram |
| Future | guardarei | guardarás | guardará | guardaremos | guardareis | guardarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| guardaria | guardarias | guardaria | guardaríamos | guardaríeis | guardariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | guarde | guardes | guarde | guardemos | guardeis | guardem |
| Imperfect | guardasse | guardasses | guardasse | guardássemos | guardásseis | guardassem |
| Future | guardar | guardares | guardar | guardarmos | guardardes | guardarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | guarda | guarde | guardemos | guardai | guardem | |
| Negative (não) | não guardes | não guarde | não guardemos | não guardeis | não guardem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Derived terms
- guarda
- guarda-arnês
- guarda-barreira
- guarda-braço
- guarda-cabeça
- guarda-caça
- guarda-cadeira, guarda-cadeiras
- guarda-calhas
- guarda-cama
- guarda-cancela
- guarda-cartucho
- guarda-cascos
- guarda-chapim
- guarda-chaves
- guarda-chuva
- guarda-chuvada
- guarda-comida
- guarda-corpo, guarda-corpos
- guarda-costas
- guardador
- guarda-faceira
- guarda-fato, guarda-fatos
- guarda-fechos
- guarda-fios, guarda-fio
- guarda-fogo
- guarda-freio, guarda-freios
- guarda-joias
- guarda-lamas, guarda-lama
- guarda-leme
- guarda-linha
- guarda-livros
- guarda-louça, guarda-loiça
- guarda-luz
- guarda-mancebos, guarda-mancebo
- guarda-mão
- guarda-mato
- guardamento
- guarda-meta
- guarda-patrão
- guarda-peito
- guarda-pisa
- guarda-pó
- guarda-porta
- guarda-portão
- guarda-prata
- guarda-pratas
- guarda-quedas
- guarda-raios
- guarda-redes
- guarda-rios
- guarda-roupa
- guarda-sol
- guarda-valas, guarda-vala
- guarda-vassouras, guarda-vassoiras
- guarda-vento
- guarda-vestidos
- guarda-vidas
- guarda-vinho
- guarda-vista
- guarda-volante
- guarda-volumes
- guarda-voz
Romansch
Etymology
From Medieval Latin wardō, from Frankish *wardōn, from Proto-Germanic *wardāną (“to guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed, defend”). Cognates include English ward.
Verb
guardar
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to look, look at, watch
Synonyms
- (Sursilvan) mirar
- (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) vurdar
Derived terms
- (Vallader) guardar davo (“to look up, look for, search, seek”)
Spanish
Etymology
From Medieval Latin wardō, from Frankish *wardōn, from Proto-Germanic *wardāną (“to guard”). Alternatively coined in Spanish from guarda, from Proto-Germanic *wardō; both verb and noun from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to heed, defend”). Compare Italian guardare, German warten, French garder, and English guard and ward.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡwaɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwaɾˈð̞aɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: guar‧dar
Verb
guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardé, past participle guardado)
- (transitive) to save (to store for future use)
- (computing) to save (to write a file to disk or other storage medium)
- guardar un archivo ― to save a file
- to keep
- Ha jurado guardarlo secreto
- He has sworn to keep it secret
- to order
- to clean
- to put away
- Guárdalo antes de que lo vean.
- Put it away before they see it.
Conjugation
Conjugation of guardar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | guardar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | guardando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | guardado | guardada | |||||
| plural | guardados | guardadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | guardo | guardastú guardásvos | guarda | guardamos | guardáis | guardan | |
| imperfect | guardaba | guardabas | guardaba | guardábamos | guardabais | guardaban | |
| preterite | guardé | guardaste | guardó | guardamos | guardasteis | guardaron | |
| future | guardaré | guardarás | guardará | guardaremos | guardaréis | guardarán | |
| conditional | guardaría | guardarías | guardaría | guardaríamos | guardaríais | guardarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | guarde | guardestú guardésvos2 | guarde | guardemos | guardéis | guarden | |
| imperfect (ra) | guardara | guardaras | guardara | guardáramos | guardarais | guardaran | |
| imperfect (se) | guardase | guardases | guardase | guardásemos | guardaseis | guardasen | |
| future1 | guardare | guardares | guardare | guardáremos | guardareis | guardaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | guardatú guardávos | guarde | guardemos | guardad | guarden | ||
| negative | no guardes | no guarde | no guardemos | no guardéis | no guarden | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of guardar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive guardar | |||||||
| dative | guardarme | guardarte | guardarle, guardarse | guardarnos | guardaros | guardarles, guardarse | |
| accusative | guardarme | guardarte | guardarlo, guardarla, guardarse | guardarnos | guardaros | guardarlos, guardarlas, guardarse | |
| with gerund guardando | |||||||
| dative | guardándome | guardándote | guardándole, guardándose | guardándonos | guardándoos | guardándoles, guardándose | |
| accusative | guardándome | guardándote | guardándolo, guardándola, guardándose | guardándonos | guardándoos | guardándolos, guardándolas, guardándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative guarda | |||||||
| dative | guárdame | guárdate | guárdale | guárdanos | not used | guárdales | |
| accusative | guárdame | guárdate | guárdalo, guárdala | guárdanos | not used | guárdalos, guárdalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative guardá | |||||||
| dative | guardame | guardate | guardale | guardanos | not used | guardales | |
| accusative | guardame | guardate | guardalo, guardala | guardanos | not used | guardalos, guardalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative guarde | |||||||
| dative | guárdeme | not used | guárdele, guárdese | guárdenos | not used | guárdeles | |
| accusative | guárdeme | not used | guárdelo, guárdela, guárdese | guárdenos | not used | guárdelos, guárdelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative guardemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | guardémoste | guardémosle | guardémonos | guardémoos | guardémosles | |
| accusative | not used | guardémoste | guardémoslo, guardémosla | guardémonos | guardémoos | guardémoslos, guardémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative guardad | |||||||
| dative | guardadme | not used | guardadle | guardadnos | guardaos | guardadles | |
| accusative | guardadme | not used | guardadlo, guardadla | guardadnos | guardaos | guardadlos, guardadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative guarden | |||||||
| dative | guárdenme | not used | guárdenle | guárdennos | not used | guárdenles, guárdense | |
| accusative | guárdenme | not used | guárdenlo, guárdenla | guárdennos | not used | guárdenlos, guárdenlas, guárdense | |
Derived terms
- fiestas de guardar (All Saints’ Day)
- guarda
- guardabanderas
- guardabarros
- guardabosques
- guardacoches
- guardacostas
- guardaespaldas
- guardafangos
- guardagujas
- guardajoyas
- guardamanos
- guardamiento
- guardamuebles
- guardapolvo
- guardar bulto
- guardarraíl
- guardar reposo
- guardarropa
- guardárselas
- guardavallas
- guardia
Further reading
- “guardar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014