grof

grof

See also: gróf, gröf, and Grof

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch grof, from Middle Dutch grof, from Old Dutch *grof, from Proto-Germanic *grubaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χrɔf/

Adjective

grof (attributive growwe, comparative growwer, superlative grofste)

1. rude, impolite
2. rough, coarse
3. extreme, gross, grave

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Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch grof, from Old Dutch *grof, from Proto-West Germanic *grob, from Proto-Germanic *grubaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣrɔf/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: grof
• Rhymes: -ɔf

Adjective

grof (comparative grover or groffer, superlative grofst)

1. rough, coarse
2. rude, very blunt
3. extreme, gross, grave

Inflection

(either)

Inflection of grof
uninflected	grof
inflected	grove
comparative	grover
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		grof	grover	het grofst het grofste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	grove	grovere	grofste
	n. sing.	grof	grover	grofste
	plural	grove	grovere	grofste
definite		grove	grovere	grofste
partitive		grofs	grovers	—

(or less commonly)

Inflection of grof
uninflected	grof
inflected	groffe
comparative	groffer
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		grof	groffer	het grofst het grofste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	groffe	groffere	grofste
	n. sing.	grof	groffer	grofste
	plural	groffe	groffere	grofste
definite		groffe	groffere	grofste
partitive		grofs	groffers	—

Antonyms

• fijn

Derived terms

• grofheid
• grofsmid
• grofweg

Descendants

• Afrikaans: grof
• Berbice Creole Dutch: grofu
• Negerhollands: grof
  • → Virgin Islands Creole: grof (dated)
• → Papiamentu: gròf, grof
• → Sranan Tongo: grofu
  • → Caribbean Hindustani: grofu
  • → Caribbean Javanese: grofu
  • → Saramaccan: goófu

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *grof, from Proto-West Germanic *grob, from Proto-Germanic *grubaz.

Adjective

grof

1. thick
2. large, great
3. course, rough

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: grof
  • Afrikaans: grof
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: grofu
  • Negerhollands: grof
    • → Virgin Islands Creole: grof (dated)
  • → Papiamentu: gròf, grof
  • → Sranan Tongo: grofu
    • → Caribbean Hindustani: grofu
    • → Caribbean Javanese: grofu
    • → Saramaccan: goófu
• Limburgish: graof
• → English: gruff

Further reading

• “grof (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “grof (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

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Middle English

Noun

grof

1. Alternative form of grove

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Romanian

Etymology

From Hungarian gróf, from Bavarian grâf (“count”).

Noun

grof m (plural grofi)

1. (historical) count

Declension

Declension of grof

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) grof	groful	(niște) grofi	grofii
genitive/dative	(unui) grof	grofului	(unor) grofi	grofilor
vocative	grofule		grofilor

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Serbo-Croatian

Noun

grȍf m (Cyrillic spelling гро̏ф)

1. count
2. earl

Declension

Declension of grof

	singular	plural
nominative	grȍf	gròfovi
genitive	gròfa	grofova
dative	grofu	grofovima
accusative	grofa	grofove
vocative	grofe	grofovi
locative	grofu	grofovima
instrumental	grofom	grofovima

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Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡrɔ́f/

Noun

grȍf m anim (female equivalent grofíca)

1. count (male ruler of a county)

Inflection

Masculine anim., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	gròf
gen. sing.	grôfa
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	gròf	grôfa	grôfi grôfje
genitive (rodȋlnik)	grôfa	grôfov	grôfov
dative (dajȃlnik)	grôfu	grôfoma	grôfom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	grôfa	grôfa	grôfe
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	grôfu	grôfih	grôfih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	grôfom	grôfoma	grôfi

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Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Old Norse gróf, from Proto-Germanic *grōbō. Cognate with English greave, groove.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡruːʋ/, /ɡrɔu̯ː/ (example of pronunciation)

  Rhymes: -úːv, -úː

Noun

gro´f f (definite singular gro´fwă, definite plural grōfwĕn)

1. A ditch.[1]

   lang grofwa ― the/a long ditch

2. A valley, ravine.

Related terms

• grȫf (“to dyke ditches”)

References

1. Stenberg, Pehr, Widmark, Gusten “grov f gro´f”, in Ordbok över Umemålet [Dictionary of the Umeå speech], →ISBN, page 43