griffer
French
Etymology
From Old French grifer, either deverbal from griffe, which see, or from Old High German grīfan, from Proto-Germanic *grīpaną. Doublet of gripper.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡʁi.fe/
Audio (file)
Verb
griffer
- to scratch
Conjugation
Conjugation of griffer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | griffer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | griffant /ɡʁi.fɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | griffé /ɡʁi.fe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | griffe /ɡʁif/ | griffes /ɡʁif/ | griffe /ɡʁif/ | griffons /ɡʁi.fɔ̃/ | griffez /ɡʁi.fe/ | griffent /ɡʁif/ |
| imperfect | griffais /ɡʁi.fɛ/ | griffais /ɡʁi.fɛ/ | griffait /ɡʁi.fɛ/ | griffions /ɡʁi.fjɔ̃/ | griffiez /ɡʁi.fje/ | griffaient /ɡʁi.fɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | griffai /ɡʁi.fe/ | griffas /ɡʁi.fa/ | griffa /ɡʁi.fa/ | griffâmes /ɡʁi.fam/ | griffâtes /ɡʁi.fat/ | griffèrent /ɡʁi.fɛʁ/ | |
| future | grifferai /ɡʁi.fʁe/ | grifferas /ɡʁi.fʁa/ | griffera /ɡʁi.fʁa/ | grifferons /ɡʁi.fʁɔ̃/ | grifferez /ɡʁi.fʁe/ | grifferont /ɡʁi.fʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | grifferais /ɡʁi.fʁɛ/ | grifferais /ɡʁi.fʁɛ/ | grifferait /ɡʁi.fʁɛ/ | grifferions /ɡʁi.fə.ʁjɔ̃/ | grifferiez /ɡʁi.fə.ʁje/ | grifferaient /ɡʁi.fʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | griffe /ɡʁif/ | griffes /ɡʁif/ | griffe /ɡʁif/ | griffions /ɡʁi.fjɔ̃/ | griffiez /ɡʁi.fje/ | griffent /ɡʁif/ |
| imperfect2 | griffasse /ɡʁi.fas/ | griffasses /ɡʁi.fas/ | griffât /ɡʁi.fa/ | griffassions /ɡʁi.fa.sjɔ̃/ | griffassiez /ɡʁi.fa.sje/ | griffassent /ɡʁi.fas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | griffe /ɡʁif/ | — | griffons /ɡʁi.fɔ̃/ | griffez /ɡʁi.fe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- griffe
Further reading
- “griffer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.