grian

grian

See also: grían and grian-

Bavarian

Alternative forms

• grien (Sappada, Sauris)

Etymology

From Old High German gruoni, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz. Cognate with German grün, Dutch groen, English green, Icelandic grænn.

Adjective

grian

1. (Timau) green

References

• “grian” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

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Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟɾʲiənˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish grían (“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

an ghrian

Noun

grian f (genitive singular gréine, nominative plural grianta)

1. (the) sun
2. (figuratively) paragon

Declension

Declension of grian

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative grian grianta Vocative a ghrian a ghrianta Genitive gréine grianta Dative grian gréin (in certain phrases) grianta

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ghrian na grianta Genitive na gréine na ngrianta Dative leis an ngrian don ghrian leis na grianta

Archaic weak plural forms:

• Nominative and vocative: griana
• Genitive: grian
• Dative: grianaibh

Derived terms

• béar gréine
• béim ghréine
• bliosán gréine
• bolg le gréin
• dó gréine
• grian-
• griandó
• grianmhar
• grianstad

 

Verb

grian (present analytic grianann, future analytic grianfaidh, verbal noun grianadh, past participle grianta)

1. (transitive) to sun (expose to the warmth and radiation of the sun)
2. (transitive, photography) to solarize (subject to solarization)

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	grianaim	grianann tú; grianair†	grianann sé, sí	grianaimid	grianann sibh	grianann siad; grianaid†	a ghrianann; a ghrianas / a ngrianann*; a ngrianas*	griantar
	past	ghrian mé; ghrianas	ghrian tú; ghrianais	ghrian sé, sí	ghrianamar; ghrian muid	ghrian sibh; ghrianabhair	ghrian siad; ghrianadar	a ghrian / ar ghrian*	grianadh
	past habitual	ghrianainn	ghriantá	ghrianadh sé, sí	ghrianaimis; ghrianadh muid	ghrianadh sibh	ghrianaidís; ghrianadh siad	a ghrianadh / ar ghrianadh*	ghriantaí
	future	grianfaidh mé; grianfad	grianfaidh tú; grianfair†	grianfaidh sé, sí	grianfaimid; grianfaidh muid	grianfaidh sibh	grianfaidh siad; grianfaid†	a ghrianfaidh; a ghrianfas / a ngrianfaidh*; a ngrianfas*	grianfar
conditional		ghrianfainn / ngrianfainn‡‡	ghrianfá / ngrianfᇇ	ghrianfadh sé, sí / ngrianfadh sé, s퇇	ghrianfaimis; ghrianfadh muid / ngrianfaimis‡‡; ngrianfadh muid‡‡	ghrianfadh sibh / ngrianfadh sibh‡‡	ghrianfaidís; ghrianfadh siad / ngrianfaidís‡‡; ngrianfadh siad‡‡	a ghrianfadh / ar ghrianfadh*	ghrianfaí / ngrianfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go ngriana mé; go ngrianad†	go ngriana tú; go ngrianair†	go ngriana sé, sí	go ngrianaimid; go ngriana muid	go ngriana sibh	go ngriana siad; go ngrianaid†	—	go ngriantar
	past	dá ngrianainn	dá ngriantá	dá ngrianadh sé, sí	dá ngrianaimis; dá ngrianadh muid	dá ngrianadh sibh	dá ngrianaidís; dá ngrianadh siad	—	dá ngriantaí
imperative		grianaim	grian	grianadh sé, sí	grianaimis	grianaigí; grianaidh†	grianaidís	—	griantar
verbal noun		grianadh
past participle		grianta

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 2

From Old Irish grïan.

Noun

grian m (genitive singular griain)

1. Alternative form of grean (“gravel, grit; coarse sand”)
2. (of sea, lake, river) bottom
3. earth, ground, land
4. surface

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
grian	ghrian	ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "grian" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
• “grian” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish grían (“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡriːn/, [ɡriᵈn]

Noun

grian f (genitive singular greiney, plural grianyn)

1. sun

   Plaasyn prinsoil glistral myr whilleen grian. ― Princely palaces shining like so many suns.

   Ta'n ghrian yial er chooilleen e jurnaa. ― The bright sun has finished her journey.

2. sunlight
3. sunshine

Synonyms

• ree yn laa

Derived terms

• breck greiney
• breck 'sy ghrian

Mutation

Manx mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
grian	ghrian	ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡʲrʲi.an/

Noun

grïan (gender unknown)

1. gravel
2. sand
3. bottom (of river)
4. floor (of sea)

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
grian	grian pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• “grian” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish grían (“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

Noun

grian f (genitive singular grèine, plural grianan)

1. sun

Derived terms

• casan na grèine (“the Zodiac”)
• clàr-grèine (“solar panel”)
• corra-ghrian (“bittern”)
• dol fodha na grèine (“sunset”)
• èirigh na grèine (“sunrise”)
• gaoth-ghrèine (“solar wind”)
• glainneachan-grèine, speuclairean-grèine (“sunglasses”)
• grianach (“sunny”)
• grian-chrios (“zodiac”)
• grian-stad (“solstice”)
• losgadh na grèine (“sunburn”)
• neòinean-grèine (“sunflower”)
• pannal-grèine (“solar panel”)

 

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
grian	ghrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.