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单词 great
释义

great

See also: gréât and great-

English

Etymology

From Middle English greet (“great, large”), from Old English grēat (“big, thick, coarse, massive”), from Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“big in size, coarse, coarse grained”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-, *gʰer- (“to rub, grind, remove”).

Cognate with Scots great (“coarse in grain or texture, thick, great”), West Frisian grut (“large, great”), Dutch groot (“large, stour”), German groß (“large”), Old English grēot (“earth, sand, grit”). Related to grit.

Pronunciation

  • enPR: grāt, IPA(key): /ˈɡɹeɪt/
  • (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈɡɹæɪt/
  • (obsolete (1700s)) enPR: grīt, IPA(key): /ɡɹiːt/[1]
  • (Early Modern English (1500s, 1600s)) IPA(key): /ɡɹɛːt/,[2] /ɡɹet/[2]
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪt
  • Homophone: grate

Adjective

great (comparative greater, superlative greatest)

  1. (augmentative) Large, senior (high-ranking), intense, extreme, or exceptional
    1. Relatively large in scale, size, extent, number (i.e. having many parts or members) or duration (i.e. relatively long); very big.
      A great storm is approaching our shores.
      a great assembly
      a great wait
      • 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest‎:
        “[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like // Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads of beer. […]”
      • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess‎:
        ‘Children crawled over each other like little grey worms in the gutters,’ he said. ‘The only red things about them were their buttocks and they were raw. Their faces looked as if snails had slimed on them and their mothers were like great sick beasts whose byres had never been cleared. […]’
      • 2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:
        Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.
    2. Title referring to an important leader.
      Alexander the Great
    3. Of larger size or more importance than others of its kind.
      the great auk
      • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Daniel 2:48:
        So the King made Daniel a great man […]
      • c. 1597, William Shakespeare, “The Merry VViues of VVindsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iv]:
        He doth object I am too great of birth.
    4. (informal) Very good; excellent; wonderful; fantastic. [from 1848]
      Dinner was great.
      • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071:
        He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.
    5. (informal, Britain) Intensifying a word or expression, used in mild oaths.
      a dirty great smack in the face
      Great Scott!
  2. (qualifying nouns of family relationship) Involving more generations than the qualified word implies — as many extra generations as repetitions of the word great (from 1510s). [see Derived terms]
    great-grandfather, great-great-grandfather, great-great-great-grandfather
  3. (obsolete, postpositive, followed by 'with') Pregnant; large with young; full of.
    great with child
    great with hope
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, Psalms 73:71:
      the ewes great with young
  4. (obsolete, except with 'friend' and similar words such as 'mate','buddy') Intimate; familiar.
    • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Followers and Friends”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, OCLC 863521290:
      those that are so great with him
  5. Extreme or more than usual.
    great worry
  6. Of significant importance or consequence; important.
    a great decision
    • 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 639762314:
      “We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic?”
  7. (applied to actions, thoughts and feelings) Arising from or possessing idealism; admirable; superior; commanding; heroic; illustrious; eminent.
    a great deed
    a great nature
    a great history
  8. Impressive or striking.
    a great show of wealth
  9. Much in use; favoured.
    Poetry was a great convention of the Romantic era.
  10. (applied to persons) Endowed with extraordinary powers; of exceptional talents or achievements; uncommonly gifted; able to accomplish vast results; remarkable; strong; powerful; mighty; noble.
    a great hero, scholar, genius, philosopher, writer etc.
  11. Doing or exemplifying (a characteristic or pursuit) on a large scale; active or enthusiastic.
    What a great buffoon!
    He's not a great one for reading.
    a great walker
  12. (often followed by 'at') Skilful or adroit.
    a great carpenter
    You are great at singing.

Usage notes

Moderating adverbs such as fairly, somewhat, etc. tend not to be used with great. Some intensifiers can be used with some senses of great; for example, a very great amount, a very great man, the party was really great, though not *the party was very great.

Synonyms

  • (augmentative): grand, super-, supra-, hyper-, ultra-, uber-, macro-, arch-, over-, mega-, giga-, -zilla
  • See also Thesaurus:large
  • See also Thesaurus:excellent
  • gr8, grt (Internet slang, text messaging)

Antonyms

  • (very big, large scale): tiny
  • (uncommonly gifted): mediocre, ordinary

Derived terms

  • a great many
  • Great Assize
  • great aunt
  • Great Aycliffe
  • Great Ayton
  • Great Bardfield
  • Great Barr
  • Great Barrier Island
  • Great Barrier Reef
  • great bass
  • great bass recorder
  • Great Bavington
  • Great Bedwyn
  • Great Belt
  • Great Bend
  • Great Bentley
  • Great Bernera
  • great big
  • Great Bookham
  • Great Bourton
  • Great Bridge
  • Great Bridgeford
  • Great Britain
  • Great Broughton
  • great chamber
  • Great Chart
  • Great Chesterford
  • greatcoat
  • Great Dane
  • Great Driffield
  • Great Elm
  • Great Falls
  • Great Feasts
  • Great Glen
  • great granddaughter, great-granddaughter
  • great grandfather, great-grandfather
  • great grandmother, great-grandmother
  • great grandson, great-grandson
  • great hall
  • Great Harrowden
  • Great Haywood
  • Great Heck
  • Great Horton
  • Great Hours
  • Great Kimble
  • Great Longstone
  • greatly
  • Great Malvern
  • Great Missenden
  • Great Munden
  • Great Musgrave
  • great-nephew
  • greatness
  • Great Ness
  • great-niece
  • Great North Road
  • Great Orme
  • Great Ouse
  • Great Paxton
  • Great Ponton
  • great-pox
  • Great Rollright
  • great room
  • Great Sankey
  • Great Shefford
  • Great Sutton
  • greatsword
  • Great Terror
  • great uncle
  • Great Vowel Shift
  • Great Wall of China
  • Great Waltham
  • great white shark
  • Great Witchingham
  • Great Yarmouth
  • Great Yeldham

Descendants

  • → Welsh: grêt

Translations

important — see important
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Interjection

great

  1. Expression of gladness and content about something.
    Great! Thanks for the wonderful work.
    • 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)
      I am in my new apartment! Great!
      Audio (US)(file)
  2. sarcastic inversion thereof.
    Oh, great! I just dumped all 500 sheets of the manuscript all over and now I have to put them back in order.

Translations

Noun

great (plural greats)

  1. A person of major significance, accomplishment or acclaim.
    Newton and Einstein are two of the greats of the history of science.
    • 2019, Daniel Taylor, Lionel Messi magic puts Barcelona in command of semi-final with Liverpool (in The Guardian, 1 May 2019)
      Sadio Mané wasted a glorious chance in the first half and, late on, Mohamed Salah turned his shot against a post after a goal-line clearance had spun his way. That, in a nutshell, perhaps sums up the difference between Messi and the players on the next rung below – the ones who can be described as great footballers without necessarily being football greats.
  2. (music) The main division in a pipe organ, usually the loudest division.
  3. (in combinations such as "two-greats", "three-greats" etc.) An instance of the word "great" signifying an additional generation in phrases expressing family relationships.
    My three-greats grandmother.

Antonyms

  • (person of major significance, accomplishment or acclaim): mediocre

Translations

Adverb

great (not comparable)

  1. (informal) Very well (in a very satisfactory manner).
    Those mechanical colored pencils work great because they don't have to be sharpened.

Translations

References

  1. Jespersen, Otto (1909) A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Sammlung germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)‎, volume I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 11.75, page 339.
  2. David Crystal, The Oxford Dictionary of Original Shakespearean Pronunciation, 2016

Anagrams

  • 'Gater, Gater, Greta, ergat-, grate, retag, targe, terga

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“big in size, coarse, coarse grained”), from *gʰer- (“to rub, grind, remove”).

Cognate with Old Saxon grōt (“large, thick, coarse, stour”), Old High German grōz (“large, thick, coarse”), Old English grot (“particle”). More at groat.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡræ͜ɑːt/

Adjective

grēat

  1. great, massive
  2. tall
  3. thick; stout
  4. coarse

Declension

Declension of grēat — Strong
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativegrēatgrēatgrēat
Accusativegrēatnegrēategrēat
Genitivegrēatesgrēatregrēates
Dativegrēatumgrēatregrēatum
Instrumentalgrēategrēatregrēate
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativegrēategrēata, grēategrēat
Accusativegrēategrēata, grēategrēat
Genitivegrēatragrēatragrēatra
Dativegrēatumgrēatumgrēatum
Instrumentalgrēatumgrēatumgrēatum
Declension of grēat — Weak
SingularMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativegrēatagrēategrēate
Accusativegrēatangrēatangrēate
Genitivegrēatangrēatangrēatan
Dativegrēatangrēatangrēatan
Instrumentalgrēatangrēatangrēatan
PluralMasculineFeminineNeuter
Nominativegrēatangrēatangrēatan
Accusativegrēatangrēatangrēatan
Genitivegrēatra, grēatenagrēatra, grēatenagrēatra, grēatena
Dativegrēatumgrēatumgrēatum
Instrumentalgrēatumgrēatumgrēatum

Derived terms

  • grēatnes

Descendants

  • Middle English: grete, greet; girt, gert
    • English: great, (dialectal) gert
      • → Welsh: grêt
    • Scots: great, greet, grete, greit
    • Yola: graat

Scots

Alternative forms

  • greet, grete, greit

Etymology

From Middle English grete, from Old English grēat, from Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɡrɛt], [ɡrɪt]
  • (North Northern Scots) IPA(key): [ɡrit]

Adjective

great (comparative greater, superlative greatest)

  1. great
  2. coarse (in grain or texture)
  3. (of things) thick, bulky, roomy
  4. (of people) big, stout
  5. (of a river) swollen with rain, in flood
  6. (of the sea) high, stormy
  7. intimate, friendly
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