gravis

gravis

See also: Gravis

Catalan

Verb

gravis

1. second-person singular present subjunctive form of gravar

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Czech

Noun

gravis m

1. grave accent (diacritic mark `)

   Synonym: obrácená čárka

Further reading

• gravis in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
• gravis in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

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Esperanto

Verb

gravis

1. past of gravi

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Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see German Gravis).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡrɑ(ː)ʋis/, [ˈɡrɑ(ː)ʋis̠]
• Rhymes: -ɑʋis
• Syllabification^(key): gra‧vis

Noun

gravis

1. grave accent (diacritical mark)

Declension

Inflection of gravis (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		gravis	gravikset
genitive		graviksen	gravisten graviksien
partitive		gravista	graviksia
illative		gravikseen	graviksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		gravis	gravikset
accusative	nom.	gravis	gravikset
	gen.	graviksen
genitive		graviksen	gravisten graviksien
partitive		gravista	graviksia
inessive		graviksessa	graviksissa
elative		graviksesta	graviksista
illative		gravikseen	graviksiin
adessive		graviksella	graviksilla
ablative		gravikselta	graviksilta
allative		gravikselle	graviksille
essive		graviksena	graviksina
translative		gravikseksi	graviksiksi
instructive		—	graviksin
abessive		graviksetta	graviksitta
comitative		—	graviksineen

Possessive forms of gravis (type vastaus)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	gravikseni	graviksemme
2nd person	graviksesi	graviksenne
3rd person	graviksensa

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʁa.vi/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

gravis

1. inflection of gravir:
   1. first/second-person singular present indicative
   2. first/second-person singular past historic
   3. second-person singular imperative

Participle

gravis m pl

1. masculine plural of the past participle of gravir

Anagrams

• givras

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us, remade into an i-stem adjective at some point after the split of Latino-Faliscan from Sabellic.[1] Cognate with Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃 (kaurus, “heavy”), Persian گران‎ (gerân) and Sanskrit गुरु (gurú). See also Latin brūtus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡra.u̯is/, [ˈɡräu̯ɪs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡra.vis/, [ˈɡräːvis]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Adjective

gravis (neuter grave, comparative gravior, superlative gravissimus, adverb graviter); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. heavy

   Antonym: levis

2. troublesome, hard
3. grave, serious
4. rank, unpleasant, strong (smell)

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	gravis	grave		gravēs	gravia
Genitive	gravis			gravium
Dative	gravī			gravibus
Accusative	gravem	grave		gravēs gravīs	gravia
Ablative	gravī			gravibus
Vocative	gravis	grave		gravēs	gravia

Derived terms

• accentus gravis
• cithara gravis
• gravēdō
• gravēscō
• gravidus
• gravis onus
• gravitās
• gravitūdō
• gravō

 

Descendants

• Italian: grave
• Old Portuguese: grave
  • Portuguese: grave
• Old Spanish: grave
  • Spanish: grave
• Sicilian: gravi
• Vulgar Latin: *grevis (see there for further descendants)
• Borrowings:
  • → Middle French: grave (learned)
    • → English: grave
    • French: grave
  • → Romanian: grav (also from French)
  • → Swedish: grav

References

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “gravis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 272

Further reading

• “gravis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “gravis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gravis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • healthy climate: caelum salūbre, salubritas caeli (opp. grave, gravitas)
    
  • to be seriously ill: gravi morbo affectum esse, conflictari, vexari
    
  • to recruit oneself after a severe illness: e gravi morbo recreari or se colligere
    
  • elevated, moderate, plain style: genus dicendi grave or grande, medium, tenue (cf. Or. 5. 20; 6. 21)
    
  • a deep, high, thin, moderate voice: vox gravis, acuta, parva, mediocris
    
  • a man of character, with a strong personality: vir constans, gravis (opp. homo inconstans, levis)
    
  • exorbitant rate of interest: fenus iniquissimum, grande, grave
    
  • an important witness: testis gravis
    
  • to be (seriously, mortally) wounded: vulnus (grave, mortiferum) accipere, excipere
    
  • (ambiguous) cogent, decisive reasons: magnae (graves) necessariae causae
    
  • (ambiguous) men of sound opinions: homines graves (opp. leves)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be (heavily) punished by some one: poenas (graves) dare alicui