gravir
French
Etymology
From Old French [Term?], from Frankish *krawjan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡʁa.viʁ/
Audio (file)
Verb
gravir
- to climb up
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of gravir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | gravir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | gravissant /ɡʁa.vi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | gravi /ɡʁa.vi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | gravis /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravis /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravit /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravissons /ɡʁa.vi.sɔ̃/ | gravissez /ɡʁa.vi.se/ | gravissent /ɡʁa.vis/ |
imperfect | gravissais /ɡʁa.vi.sɛ/ | gravissais /ɡʁa.vi.sɛ/ | gravissait /ɡʁa.vi.sɛ/ | gravissions /ɡʁa.vi.sjɔ̃/ | gravissiez /ɡʁa.vi.sje/ | gravissaient /ɡʁa.vi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | gravis /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravis /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravit /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravîmes /ɡʁa.vim/ | gravîtes /ɡʁa.vit/ | gravirent /ɡʁa.viʁ/ | |
future | gravirai /ɡʁa.vi.ʁe/ | graviras /ɡʁa.vi.ʁa/ | gravira /ɡʁa.vi.ʁa/ | gravirons /ɡʁa.vi.ʁɔ̃/ | gravirez /ɡʁa.vi.ʁe/ | graviront /ɡʁa.vi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | gravirais /ɡʁa.vi.ʁɛ/ | gravirais /ɡʁa.vi.ʁɛ/ | gravirait /ɡʁa.vi.ʁɛ/ | gravirions /ɡʁa.vi.ʁjɔ̃/ | graviriez /ɡʁa.vi.ʁje/ | graviraient /ɡʁa.vi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | gravisse /ɡʁa.vis/ | gravisses /ɡʁa.vis/ | gravisse /ɡʁa.vis/ | gravissions /ɡʁa.vi.sjɔ̃/ | gravissiez /ɡʁa.vi.sje/ | gravissent /ɡʁa.vis/ |
imperfect2 | gravisse /ɡʁa.vis/ | gravisses /ɡʁa.vis/ | gravît /ɡʁa.vi/ | gravissions /ɡʁa.vi.sjɔ̃/ | gravissiez /ɡʁa.vi.sje/ | gravissent /ɡʁa.vis/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | gravis /ɡʁa.vi/ | — | gravissons /ɡʁa.vi.sɔ̃/ | gravissez /ɡʁa.vi.se/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
- gravir les échelons
Further reading
- “gravir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.