gratinar
Catalan
Etymology
From French gratiner.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ɡɾə.tiˈna/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.tiˈnaɾ/
- Homophone: gratinà
Verb
gratinar (first-person singular present gratino, past participle gratinat)
- (transitive, cooking) to grill
Conjugation
Conjugation of gratinar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | gratinar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | gratinant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | gratinat | gratinada | |||||
| plural | gratinats | gratinades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | gratino | gratines | gratina | gratinem | gratineu | gratinen | |
| imperfect | gratinava | gratinaves | gratinava | gratinàvem | gratinàveu | gratinaven | |
| future | gratinaré | gratinaràs | gratinarà | gratinarem | gratinareu | gratinaran | |
| preterite | gratiní | gratinares | gratinà | gratinàrem | gratinàreu | gratinaren | |
| conditional | gratinaria | gratinaries | gratinaria | gratinaríem | gratinaríeu | gratinarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | gratini | gratinis | gratini | gratinem | gratineu | gratinin | |
| imperfect | gratinés | gratinessis | gratinés | gratinéssim | gratinéssiu | gratinessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | gratina | gratini | gratinem | gratineu | gratinin | ||
Further reading
- “gratinar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “gratinar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “gratinar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “gratinar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Anagrams
- garantir, traginar, trigaran
Portuguese
Etymology
From French gratiner.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ʁ)/ [ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ɡɾa.t͡ʃiˈna(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɡɾɐ.tiˈnaɾ/
- Hyphenation: gra‧ti‧nar
Verb
gratinar (first-person singular present gratino, first-person singular preterite gratinei, past participle gratinado)
- (transitive, intransitive, cooking) to grill
- inflection of gratinar:
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive
Conjugation
Conjugation of gratinar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | gratinar | |||||
| Personal | gratinar | gratinares | gratinar | gratinarmos | gratinardes | gratinarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| gratinando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | gratinado | gratinados | ||||
| Feminine | gratinada | gratinadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | gratino | gratinas | gratina | gratinamos | gratinais | gratinam |
| Imperfect | gratinava | gratinavas | gratinava | gratinávamos | gratináveis | gratinavam |
| Preterite | gratinei | gratinaste | gratinou | gratinamos1, gratinámos2 | gratinastes | gratinaram |
| Pluperfect | gratinara | gratinaras | gratinara | gratináramos | gratináreis | gratinaram |
| Future | gratinarei | gratinarás | gratinará | gratinaremos | gratinareis | gratinarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| gratinaria | gratinarias | gratinaria | gratinaríamos | gratinaríeis | gratinariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | gratine | gratines | gratine | gratinemos | gratineis | gratinem |
| Imperfect | gratinasse | gratinasses | gratinasse | gratinássemos | gratinásseis | gratinassem |
| Future | gratinar | gratinares | gratinar | gratinarmos | gratinardes | gratinarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | gratina | gratine | gratinemos | gratinai | gratinem | |
| Negative (não) | não gratines | não gratine | não gratinemos | não gratineis | não gratinem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Further reading
- “gratinar” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “gratinar” in Dicionário inFormal.
- “gratinar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- “gratinar” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “gratinar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
From French gratiner.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡɾatiˈnaɾ/ [ɡɾa.t̪iˈnaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: gra‧ti‧nar
Verb
gratinar (first-person singular present gratino, first-person singular preterite gratiné, past participle gratinado)
- (transitive, cooking) to grill, toast
Conjugation
Conjugation of gratinar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | gratinar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | gratinando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | gratinado | gratinada | |||||
| plural | gratinados | gratinadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | gratino | gratinastú gratinásvos | gratina | gratinamos | gratináis | gratinan | |
| imperfect | gratinaba | gratinabas | gratinaba | gratinábamos | gratinabais | gratinaban | |
| preterite | gratiné | gratinaste | gratinó | gratinamos | gratinasteis | gratinaron | |
| future | gratinaré | gratinarás | gratinará | gratinaremos | gratinaréis | gratinarán | |
| conditional | gratinaría | gratinarías | gratinaría | gratinaríamos | gratinaríais | gratinarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | gratine | gratinestú gratinésvos2 | gratine | gratinemos | gratinéis | gratinen | |
| imperfect (ra) | gratinara | gratinaras | gratinara | gratináramos | gratinarais | gratinaran | |
| imperfect (se) | gratinase | gratinases | gratinase | gratinásemos | gratinaseis | gratinasen | |
| future1 | gratinare | gratinares | gratinare | gratináremos | gratinareis | gratinaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | gratinatú gratinávos | gratine | gratinemos | gratinad | gratinen | ||
| negative | no gratines | no gratine | no gratinemos | no gratinéis | no gratinen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of gratinar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive gratinar | |||||||
| dative | gratinarme | gratinarte | gratinarle, gratinarse | gratinarnos | gratinaros | gratinarles, gratinarse | |
| accusative | gratinarme | gratinarte | gratinarlo, gratinarla, gratinarse | gratinarnos | gratinaros | gratinarlos, gratinarlas, gratinarse | |
| with gerund gratinando | |||||||
| dative | gratinándome | gratinándote | gratinándole, gratinándose | gratinándonos | gratinándoos | gratinándoles, gratinándose | |
| accusative | gratinándome | gratinándote | gratinándolo, gratinándola, gratinándose | gratinándonos | gratinándoos | gratinándolos, gratinándolas, gratinándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative gratina | |||||||
| dative | gratíname | gratínate | gratínale | gratínanos | not used | gratínales | |
| accusative | gratíname | gratínate | gratínalo, gratínala | gratínanos | not used | gratínalos, gratínalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative gratiná | |||||||
| dative | gratiname | gratinate | gratinale | gratinanos | not used | gratinales | |
| accusative | gratiname | gratinate | gratinalo, gratinala | gratinanos | not used | gratinalos, gratinalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative gratine | |||||||
| dative | gratíneme | not used | gratínele, gratínese | gratínenos | not used | gratíneles | |
| accusative | gratíneme | not used | gratínelo, gratínela, gratínese | gratínenos | not used | gratínelos, gratínelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative gratinemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | gratinémoste | gratinémosle | gratinémonos | gratinémoos | gratinémosles | |
| accusative | not used | gratinémoste | gratinémoslo, gratinémosla | gratinémonos | gratinémoos | gratinémoslos, gratinémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative gratinad | |||||||
| dative | gratinadme | not used | gratinadle | gratinadnos | gratinaos | gratinadles | |
| accusative | gratinadme | not used | gratinadlo, gratinadla | gratinadnos | gratinaos | gratinadlos, gratinadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative gratinen | |||||||
| dative | gratínenme | not used | gratínenle | gratínennos | not used | gratínenles, gratínense | |
| accusative | gratínenme | not used | gratínenlo, gratínenla | gratínennos | not used | gratínenlos, gratínenlas, gratínense | |
Further reading
- “gratinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014