gratar
See also: grătar
Catalan
Etymology
Of Germanic origin; probably borrowed from Frankish *kratton, from Proto-Germanic *krattōną. Compare French gratter, Italian grattare, Sicilian grattari.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ɡɾəˈta/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /ɡɾaˈtaɾ/
- Homophone: gratà
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
gratar (first-person singular present grato, past participle gratat)
- to scratch (with the nails)
- Synonym: rascar
Conjugation
Conjugation of gratar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | gratar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | gratant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | gratat | gratada | |||||
| plural | gratats | gratades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | grato | grates | grata | gratem | grateu | graten | |
| imperfect | gratava | grataves | gratava | gratàvem | gratàveu | grataven | |
| future | grataré | grataràs | gratarà | gratarem | gratareu | grataran | |
| preterite | gratí | gratares | gratà | gratàrem | gratàreu | grataren | |
| conditional | grataria | grataries | grataria | grataríem | grataríeu | gratarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | grati | gratis | grati | gratem | grateu | gratin | |
| imperfect | gratés | gratessis | gratés | gratéssim | gratéssiu | gratessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | grata | grati | gratem | grateu | gratin | ||
Derived terms
- gratabous
- gratacel
- gratacul
- gratada
- gratador
- gratament
- grata-sòl
Further reading
- “gratar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “gratar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “gratar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “gratar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from Esperanto grati, English grate, French gratter, Italian grattare.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡraˈtar/
Verb
gratar (present tense gratas, past tense gratis, future tense gratos, imperative gratez, conditional gratus)
- (transitive) to scrape (against), scratch (lightly)
Conjugation
Conjugation of gratar
 | present | past | future | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | gratar | gratir | grator | ||||
| tense | gratas | gratis | gratos | ||||
| conditional | gratus | ||||||
| imperative | gratez | ||||||
| adjective active participle | gratanta | gratinta | gratonta | ||||
| adverbial active participle | gratante | gratinte | gratonte | ||||
| nominal active participle | singular | gratanto | gratinto | gratonto | |||
| plural | gratanti | gratinti | gratonti | ||||
| adjective passive participle | gratata | gratita | gratota | ||||
| adverbial passive participle | gratate | gratite | gratote | ||||
| nominal passive participle | singular | gratato | gratito | gratoto | |||
| plural | gratati | gratiti | gratoti | ||||
Derived terms
- gratigar