gqagqa
Zulu
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ᶢǃʱáːᶢǃʱa/
Verb
-gqágqa
- (transitive) to scatter
- Synonym: -gqagqaza
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukugqagqa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukugqagqa | ukungagqagqi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | gqagqa | -gqagqe | |||||||
Plural | gqagqani | -gqagqeni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyagqagqa, ngigqagqa | engigqagqayo, engigqagqa | ngigqagqa | angigqagqi | engingagqagqi | ngingagqagqi | |||
2nd singular | uyagqagqa, ugqagqa | ogqagqayo, ogqagqa | ugqagqa | awugqagqi | ongagqagqi | ungagqagqi | |||
1st plural | siyagqagqa, sigqagqa | esigqagqayo, esigqagqa | sigqagqa | asigqagqi | esingagqagqi | singagqagqi | |||
2nd plural | niyagqagqa, nigqagqa | enigqagqayo, enigqagqa | nigqagqa | anigqagqi | eningagqagqi | ningagqagqi | |||
Class 1 | uyagqagqa, ugqagqa | ogqagqayo, ogqagqa | egqagqa | akagqagqi | ongagqagqi | engagqagqi | |||
Class 2 | bayagqagqa, bagqagqa | abagqagqayo, abagqagqa | begqagqa | abagqagqi | abangagqagqi | bengagqagqi | |||
Class 3 | uyagqagqa, ugqagqa | ogqagqayo, ogqagqa | ugqagqa | awugqagqi | ongagqagqi | ungagqagqi | |||
Class 4 | iyagqagqa, igqagqa | egqagqayo, egqagqa | igqagqa | ayigqagqi | engagqagqi | ingagqagqi | |||
Class 5 | liyagqagqa, ligqagqa | eligqagqayo, eligqagqa | ligqagqa | aligqagqi | elingagqagqi | lingagqagqi | |||
Class 6 | ayagqagqa, agqagqa | agqagqayo, agqagqa | egqagqa | awagqagqi | angagqagqi | engagqagqi | |||
Class 7 | siyagqagqa, sigqagqa | esigqagqayo, esigqagqa | sigqagqa | asigqagqi | esingagqagqi | singagqagqi | |||
Class 8 | ziyagqagqa, zigqagqa | ezigqagqayo, ezigqagqa | zigqagqa | azigqagqi | ezingagqagqi | zingagqagqi | |||
Class 9 | iyagqagqa, igqagqa | egqagqayo, egqagqa | igqagqa | ayigqagqi | engagqagqi | ingagqagqi | |||
Class 10 | ziyagqagqa, zigqagqa | ezigqagqayo, ezigqagqa | zigqagqa | azigqagqi | ezingagqagqi | zingagqagqi | |||
Class 11 | luyagqagqa, lugqagqa | olugqagqayo, olugqagqa | lugqagqa | alugqagqi | olungagqagqi | lungagqagqi | |||
Class 14 | buyagqagqa, bugqagqa | obugqagqayo, obugqagqa | bugqagqa | abugqagqi | obungagqagqi | bungagqagqi | |||
Class 15 | kuyagqagqa, kugqagqa | okugqagqayo, okugqagqa | kugqagqa | akugqagqi | okungagqagqi | kungagqagqi | |||
Class 17 | kuyagqagqa, kugqagqa | okugqagqayo, okugqagqa | kugqagqa | akugqagqi | okungagqagqi | kungagqagqi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngigqagqile, ngigqagqē | engigqagqile, engigqagqē | ngigqagqile, ngigqagqē | angigqagqanga | engingagqagqanga | ngingagqagqanga | |||
2nd singular | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | ogqagqile, ogqagqē | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga | |||
1st plural | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | esigqagqile, esigqagqē | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga | |||
2nd plural | nigqagqile, nigqagqē | enigqagqile, enigqagqē | nigqagqile, nigqagqē | anigqagqanga | eningagqagqanga | ningagqagqanga | |||
Class 1 | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | ogqagqile, ogqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | akagqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | engagqagqanga | |||
Class 2 | bagqagqile, bagqagqē | abagqagqile, abagqagqē | begqagqile, begqagqē | abagqagqanga | abangagqagqanga | bengagqagqanga | |||
Class 3 | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | ogqagqile, ogqagqē | ugqagqile, ugqagqē | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga | |||
Class 4 | igqagqile, igqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | igqagqile, igqagqē | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga | |||
Class 5 | ligqagqile, ligqagqē | eligqagqile, eligqagqē | ligqagqile, ligqagqē | aligqagqanga | elingagqagqanga | lingagqagqanga | |||
Class 6 | agqagqile, agqagqē | agqagqile, agqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | awagqagqanga | angagqagqanga | engagqagqanga | |||
Class 7 | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | esigqagqile, esigqagqē | sigqagqile, sigqagqē | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga | |||
Class 8 | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | ezigqagqile, ezigqagqē | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga | |||
Class 9 | igqagqile, igqagqē | egqagqile, egqagqē | igqagqile, igqagqē | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga | |||
Class 10 | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | ezigqagqile, ezigqagqē | zigqagqile, zigqagqē | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga | |||
Class 11 | lugqagqile, lugqagqē | olugqagqile, olugqagqē | lugqagqile, lugqagqē | alugqagqanga | olungagqagqanga | lungagqagqanga | |||
Class 14 | bugqagqile, bugqagqē | obugqagqile, obugqagqē | bugqagqile, bugqagqē | abugqagqanga | obungagqagqanga | bungagqagqanga | |||
Class 15 | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | okugqagqile, okugqagqē | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga | |||
Class 17 | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | okugqagqile, okugqagqē | kugqagqile, kugqagqē | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāgqagqa | engāgqagqa | ngāgqagqa | angigqagqanga | engingagqagqanga | ngingagqagqanga | |||
2nd singular | wāgqagqa | owāgqagqa | wāgqagqa | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga | |||
1st plural | sāgqagqa | esāgqagqa | sāgqagqa | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga | |||
2nd plural | nāgqagqa | enāgqagqa | nāgqagqa | anigqagqanga | eningagqagqanga | ningagqagqanga | |||
Class 1 | wāgqagqa | owāgqagqa | āgqagqa | akagqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | engagqagqanga | |||
Class 2 | bāgqagqa | abāgqagqa | bāgqagqa | abagqagqanga | abangagqagqanga | bengagqagqanga | |||
Class 3 | wāgqagqa | owāgqagqa | wāgqagqa | awugqagqanga | ongagqagqanga | ungagqagqanga | |||
Class 4 | yāgqagqa | eyāgqagqa | yāgqagqa | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga | |||
Class 5 | lāgqagqa | elāgqagqa | lāgqagqa | aligqagqanga | elingagqagqanga | lingagqagqanga | |||
Class 6 | āgqagqa | āgqagqa | āgqagqa | awagqagqanga | angagqagqanga | engagqagqanga | |||
Class 7 | sāgqagqa | esāgqagqa | sāgqagqa | asigqagqanga | esingagqagqanga | singagqagqanga | |||
Class 8 | zāgqagqa | ezāgqagqa | zāgqagqa | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga | |||
Class 9 | yāgqagqa | eyāgqagqa | yāgqagqa | ayigqagqanga | engagqagqanga | ingagqagqanga | |||
Class 10 | zāgqagqa | ezāgqagqa | zāgqagqa | azigqagqanga | ezingagqagqanga | zingagqagqanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāgqagqa | olwāgqagqa | lwāgqagqa | alugqagqanga | olungagqagqanga | lungagqagqanga | |||
Class 14 | bāgqagqa | obāgqagqa | bāgqagqa | abugqagqanga | obungagqagqanga | bungagqagqanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāgqagqa | okwāgqagqa | kwāgqagqa | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāgqagqa | okwāgqagqa | kwāgqagqa | akugqagqanga | okungagqagqanga | kungagqagqanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingagqagqa | — | ngingagqagqa | ngingegqagqe | — | ngingegqagqe | |||
2nd singular | ungagqagqa | — | ungagqagqa | ungegqagqe | — | ungegqagqe | |||
1st plural | singagqagqa | — | singagqagqa | singegqagqe | — | singegqagqe | |||
2nd plural | ningagqagqa | — | ningagqagqa | ningegqagqe | — | ningegqagqe | |||
Class 1 | angagqagqa | — | engagqagqa | angegqagqe | — | engegqagqe | |||
Class 2 | bangagqagqa | — | bengagqagqa | bangegqagqe | — | bengegqagqe | |||
Class 3 | ungagqagqa | — | ungagqagqa | ungegqagqe | — | ungegqagqe | |||
Class 4 | ingagqagqa | — | ingagqagqa | ingegqagqe | — | ingegqagqe | |||
Class 5 | lingagqagqa | — | lingagqagqa | lingegqagqe | — | lingegqagqe | |||
Class 6 | angagqagqa | — | engagqagqa | angegqagqe | — | engegqagqe | |||
Class 7 | singagqagqa | — | singagqagqa | singegqagqe | — | singegqagqe | |||
Class 8 | zingagqagqa | — | zingagqagqa | zingegqagqe | — | zingegqagqe | |||
Class 9 | ingagqagqa | — | ingagqagqa | ingegqagqe | — | ingegqagqe | |||
Class 10 | zingagqagqa | — | zingagqagqa | zingegqagqe | — | zingegqagqe | |||
Class 11 | lungagqagqa | — | lungagqagqa | lungegqagqe | — | lungegqagqe | |||
Class 14 | bungagqagqa | — | bungagqagqa | bungegqagqe | — | bungegqagqe | |||
Class 15 | kungagqagqa | — | kungagqagqa | kungegqagqe | — | kungegqagqe | |||
Class 17 | kungagqagqa | — | kungagqagqa | kungegqagqe | — | kungegqagqe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizogqagqa | engizogqagqa | ngizogqagqa | angizugqagqa | engingezugqagqa | ngingezugqagqa | |||
2nd singular | uzogqagqa | ozogqagqa | uzogqagqa | awuzugqagqa | ongezugqagqa | ungezugqagqa | |||
1st plural | sizogqagqa | esizogqagqa | sizogqagqa | asizugqagqa | esingezugqagqa | singezugqagqa | |||
2nd plural | nizogqagqa | enizogqagqa | nizogqagqa | anizugqagqa | eningezugqagqa | ningezugqagqa | |||
Class 1 | uzogqagqa | ozogqagqa | ezogqagqa | akazugqagqa | ongezugqagqa | engezugqagqa | |||
Class 2 | bazogqagqa | abazogqagqa | bezogqagqa | abazugqagqa | abangezugqagqa | bengezugqagqa | |||
Class 3 | uzogqagqa | ozogqagqa | uzogqagqa | awuzugqagqa | ongezugqagqa | ungezugqagqa | |||
Class 4 | izogqagqa | ezogqagqa | izogqagqa | ayizugqagqa | engezugqagqa | ingezugqagqa | |||
Class 5 | lizogqagqa | elizogqagqa | lizogqagqa | alizugqagqa | elingezugqagqa | lingezugqagqa | |||
Class 6 | azogqagqa | azogqagqa | ezogqagqa | awazugqagqa | angezugqagqa | engezugqagqa | |||
Class 7 | sizogqagqa | esizogqagqa | sizogqagqa | asizugqagqa | esingezugqagqa | singezugqagqa | |||
Class 8 | zizogqagqa | ezizogqagqa | zizogqagqa | azizugqagqa | ezingezugqagqa | zingezugqagqa | |||
Class 9 | izogqagqa | ezogqagqa | izogqagqa | ayizugqagqa | engezugqagqa | ingezugqagqa | |||
Class 10 | zizogqagqa | ezizogqagqa | zizogqagqa | azizugqagqa | ezingezugqagqa | zingezugqagqa | |||
Class 11 | luzogqagqa | oluzogqagqa | luzogqagqa | aluzugqagqa | olungezugqagqa | lungezugqagqa | |||
Class 14 | buzogqagqa | obuzogqagqa | buzogqagqa | abuzugqagqa | obungezugqagqa | bungezugqagqa | |||
Class 15 | kuzogqagqa | okuzogqagqa | kuzogqagqa | akuzugqagqa | okungezugqagqa | kungezugqagqa | |||
Class 17 | kuzogqagqa | okuzogqagqa | kuzogqagqa | akuzugqagqa | okungezugqagqa | kungezugqagqa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyogqagqa | engiyogqagqa | ngiyogqagqa | angiyugqagqa | engingeyugqagqa | ngingeyugqagqa | |||
2nd singular | uyogqagqa | oyogqagqa | uyogqagqa | awuyugqagqa | ongeyugqagqa | ungeyugqagqa | |||
1st plural | siyogqagqa | esiyogqagqa | siyogqagqa | asiyugqagqa | esingeyugqagqa | singeyugqagqa | |||
2nd plural | niyogqagqa | eniyogqagqa | niyogqagqa | aniyugqagqa | eningeyugqagqa | ningeyugqagqa | |||
Class 1 | uyogqagqa | oyogqagqa | eyogqagqa | akayugqagqa | ongeyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa | |||
Class 2 | bayogqagqa | abayogqagqa | beyogqagqa | abayugqagqa | abangeyugqagqa | bengeyugqagqa | |||
Class 3 | uyogqagqa | oyogqagqa | uyogqagqa | awuyugqagqa | ongeyugqagqa | ungeyugqagqa | |||
Class 4 | iyogqagqa | eyogqagqa | iyogqagqa | ayiyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa | ingeyugqagqa | |||
Class 5 | liyogqagqa | eliyogqagqa | liyogqagqa | aliyugqagqa | elingeyugqagqa | lingeyugqagqa | |||
Class 6 | ayogqagqa | ayogqagqa | eyogqagqa | awayugqagqa | angeyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa | |||
Class 7 | siyogqagqa | esiyogqagqa | siyogqagqa | asiyugqagqa | esingeyugqagqa | singeyugqagqa | |||
Class 8 | ziyogqagqa | eziyogqagqa | ziyogqagqa | aziyugqagqa | ezingeyugqagqa | zingeyugqagqa | |||
Class 9 | iyogqagqa | eyogqagqa | iyogqagqa | ayiyugqagqa | engeyugqagqa | ingeyugqagqa | |||
Class 10 | ziyogqagqa | eziyogqagqa | ziyogqagqa | aziyugqagqa | ezingeyugqagqa | zingeyugqagqa | |||
Class 11 | luyogqagqa | oluyogqagqa | luyogqagqa | aluyugqagqa | olungeyugqagqa | lungeyugqagqa | |||
Class 14 | buyogqagqa | obuyogqagqa | buyogqagqa | abuyugqagqa | obungeyugqagqa | bungeyugqagqa | |||
Class 15 | kuyogqagqa | okuyogqagqa | kuyogqagqa | akuyugqagqa | okungeyugqagqa | kungeyugqagqa | |||
Class 17 | kuyogqagqa | okuyogqagqa | kuyogqagqa | akuyugqagqa | okungeyugqagqa | kungeyugqagqa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngigqagqe | ngingagqagqi | |||||||
2nd singular | ugqagqe | ungagqagqi | |||||||
1st plural | sigqagqe | singagqagqi | |||||||
2nd plural | nigqagqe | ningagqagqi | |||||||
Class 1 | agqagqe | angagqagqi | |||||||
Class 2 | bagqagqe | bangagqagqi | |||||||
Class 3 | ugqagqe | ungagqagqi | |||||||
Class 4 | igqagqe | ingagqagqi | |||||||
Class 5 | ligqagqe | lingagqagqi | |||||||
Class 6 | agqagqe | angagqagqi | |||||||
Class 7 | sigqagqe | singagqagqi | |||||||
Class 8 | zigqagqe | zingagqagqi | |||||||
Class 9 | igqagqe | ingagqagqi | |||||||
Class 10 | zigqagqe | zingagqagqi | |||||||
Class 11 | lugqagqe | lungagqagqi | |||||||
Class 14 | bugqagqe | bungagqagqi | |||||||
Class 15 | kugqagqe | kungagqagqi | |||||||
Class 17 | kugqagqe | kungagqagqi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngagqagqa | ngangagqagqa, angagqagqa, angangagqagqa | |||||||
2nd singular | wagqagqa | wangagqagqa, awagqagqa, awangagqagqa | |||||||
1st plural | sagqagqa | sangagqagqa, asagqagqa, asangagqagqa | |||||||
2nd plural | nagqagqa | nangagqagqa, anagqagqa, anangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 1 | wagqagqa | wangagqagqa, akagqagqa, akangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 2 | bagqagqa | bangagqagqa, abagqagqa, abangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 3 | wagqagqa | wangagqagqa, awagqagqa, awangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 4 | yagqagqa | yangagqagqa, ayagqagqa, ayangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 5 | lagqagqa | langagqagqa, alagqagqa, alangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 6 | agqagqa | angagqagqa, awagqagqa, awangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 7 | sagqagqa | sangagqagqa, asagqagqa, asangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 8 | zagqagqa | zangagqagqa, azagqagqa, azangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 9 | yagqagqa | yangagqagqa, ayagqagqa, ayangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 10 | zagqagqa | zangagqagqa, azagqagqa, azangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwagqagqa | lwangagqagqa, alwagqagqa, alwangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 14 | bagqagqa | bangagqagqa, abagqagqa, abangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwagqagqa | kwangagqagqa, akwagqagqa, akwangagqagqa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwagqagqa | kwangagqagqa, akwagqagqa, akwangagqagqa |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “gqagqa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gqagqa (6-3.9)”