goresgyn
Welsh
Etymology
From gor- (“over-, hyper-”) + esgyn (“to ascend”).
Verb
goresgyn (first-person singular present goresgynnaf)
- to overcome, to vanquish, to conquer
- Synonyms: gorchfygu, trechu
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | goresgynnaf | goresgynni | goresgyn | goresgynnwn | goresgynnwch | goresgynnant | goresgynnir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional | goresgynnwn | goresgynnit | goresgynnai | goresgynnem | goresgynnech | goresgynnent | goresgynnid | |
| preterite | goresgynnais | goresgynnaist | goresgynnodd | goresgynasom | goresgynasoch | goresgynasant | goresgynnwyd | |
| pluperfect | goresgynaswn | goresgynasit | goresgynasai | goresgynasem | goresgynasech | goresgynasent | goresgynasid, goresgynesid | |
| present subjunctive | goresgynnwyf | goresgynnych | goresgynno | goresgynnom | goresgynnoch | goresgynnont | goresgynner | |
| imperative | — | goresgynna | goresgynned | goresgynnwn | goresgynnwch | goresgynnent | goresgynner | |
| verbal noun | goresgyn | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | goresgynedig goresgynadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | goresgynna i, goresgynnaf i | goresgynni di | goresgynnith o/e/hi, goresgynniff e/hi | goresgynnwn ni | goresgynnwch chi | goresgynnan nhw |
| conditional | goresgynnwn i, goresgynnswn i | goresgynnet ti, goresgynnset ti | goresgynnai fo/fe/hi, goresgynnsai fo/fe/hi | goresgynnen ni, goresgynnsen ni | goresgynnech chi, goresgynnsech chi | goresgynnen nhw, goresgynnsen nhw |
| preterite | goresgynnais i, goresgynnes i | goresgynnaist ti, goresgynnest ti | goresgynnodd o/e/hi | goresgynnon ni | goresgynnoch chi | goresgynnon nhw |
| imperative | — | goresgynna | — | — | goresgynnwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| goresgyn | oresgyn | ngoresgyn | unchanged |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “goresgyn”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies