gnosco
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡnoːs.koː/, [ˈŋnoːs̠koː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈɲos.ko/, [ˈɲɔsko]
Verb
gnōscō (present infinitive gnōscere, perfect active gnōvī, supine gnōtum); third conjugation
- Alternative form of nōscō
Conjugation
Conjugation of gnōscō (third conjugation) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | gnōscō | gnōscis | gnōscit | gnōscimus | gnōscitis | gnōscunt |
imperfect | gnōscēbam | gnōscēbās | gnōscēbat | gnōscēbāmus | gnōscēbātis | gnōscēbant | |
future | gnōscam | gnōscēs | gnōscet | gnōscēmus | gnōscētis | gnōscent | |
perfect | gnōvī | gnōvistī, gnōstī1 | gnōvit | gnōvimus, gnōmus1 | gnōvistis, gnōstis1 | gnōvērunt, gnōvēre, gnōrunt1 | |
pluperfect | gnōveram, gnōram1 | gnōverās, gnōrās1 | gnōverat, gnōrat1 | gnōverāmus, gnōrāmus1 | gnōverātis, gnōrātis1 | gnōverant, gnōrant1 | |
future perfect | gnōverō, gnōrō1 | gnōveris, gnōris1 | gnōverit, gnōrit1 | gnōverimus, gnōrimus1 | gnōveritis, gnōritis1 | gnōverint, gnōrint1 | |
passive | present | gnōscor | gnōsceris, gnōscere | gnōscitur | gnōscimur | gnōsciminī | gnōscuntur |
imperfect | gnōscēbar | gnōscēbāris, gnōscēbāre | gnōscēbātur | gnōscēbāmur | gnōscēbāminī | gnōscēbantur | |
future | gnōscar | gnōscēris, gnōscēre | gnōscētur | gnōscēmur | gnōscēminī | gnōscentur | |
perfect | gnōtus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | gnōtus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | gnōtus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | gnōscam | gnōscās | gnōscat | gnōscāmus | gnōscātis | gnōscant |
imperfect | gnōscerem | gnōscerēs | gnōsceret | gnōscerēmus | gnōscerētis | gnōscerent | |
perfect | gnōverim, gnōrim1 | gnōverīs, gnōrīs1 | gnōverit, gnōrit1 | gnōverīmus, gnōrīmus1 | gnōverītis, gnōrītis1 | gnōverint, gnōrint1 | |
pluperfect | gnōvissem, gnōssem1 | gnōvissēs, gnōssēs1 | gnōvisset, gnōsset1 | gnōvissēmus, gnōssēmus1 | gnōvissētis, gnōssētis1 | gnōvissent, gnōssent1 | |
passive | present | gnōscar | gnōscāris, gnōscāre | gnōscātur | gnōscāmur | gnōscāminī | gnōscantur |
imperfect | gnōscerer | gnōscerēris, gnōscerēre | gnōscerētur | gnōscerēmur | gnōscerēminī | gnōscerentur | |
perfect | gnōtus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | gnōtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | gnōsce | — | — | gnōscite | — |
future | — | gnōscitō | gnōscitō | — | gnōscitōte | gnōscuntō | |
passive | present | — | gnōscere | — | — | gnōsciminī | — |
future | — | gnōscitor | gnōscitor | — | — | gnōscuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | gnōscere | gnōvisse, gnōsse1 | gnōtūrum esse | gnōscī | gnōtum esse | gnōtum īrī | |
participles | gnōscēns | — | gnōtūrus | — | gnōtus | gnōscendus, gnōscundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
gnōscendī | gnōscendō | gnōscendum | gnōscendō | gnōtum | gnōtū |
1The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.
References
- “gnosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- gnosco in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- gnosco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette