glacer
French
Etymology
From glace + -er or Latin glaciāre, present active infinitive of glaciō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡla.se/
Audio (file)
Verb
glacer
- (transitive) to freeze; to turn to ice
- (figuratively, transitive) to freeze
- to ice (cover with icing)
- (reflexive, se glacer) to turn to ice (become ice)
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
Conjugation of glacer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | glacer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | glaçant /ɡla.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | glacé /ɡla.se/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | glace /ɡlas/ | glaces /ɡlas/ | glace /ɡlas/ | glaçons /ɡla.sɔ̃/ | glacez /ɡla.se/ | glacent /ɡlas/ |
| imperfect | glaçais /ɡla.sɛ/ | glaçais /ɡla.sɛ/ | glaçait /ɡla.sɛ/ | glacions /ɡla.sjɔ̃/ | glaciez /ɡla.sje/ | glaçaient /ɡla.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | glaçai /ɡla.se/ | glaças /ɡla.sa/ | glaça /ɡla.sa/ | glaçâmes /ɡla.sam/ | glaçâtes /ɡla.sat/ | glacèrent /ɡla.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | glacerai /ɡla.sʁe/ | glaceras /ɡla.sʁa/ | glacera /ɡla.sʁa/ | glacerons /ɡla.sʁɔ̃/ | glacerez /ɡla.sʁe/ | glaceront /ɡla.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | glacerais /ɡla.sʁɛ/ | glacerais /ɡla.sʁɛ/ | glacerait /ɡla.sʁɛ/ | glacerions /ɡla.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ | glaceriez /ɡla.sə.ʁje/ | glaceraient /ɡla.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | glace /ɡlas/ | glaces /ɡlas/ | glace /ɡlas/ | glacions /ɡla.sjɔ̃/ | glaciez /ɡla.sje/ | glacent /ɡlas/ |
| imperfect2 | glaçasse /ɡla.sas/ | glaçasses /ɡla.sas/ | glaçât /ɡla.sa/ | glaçassions /ɡla.sa.sjɔ̃/ | glaçassiez /ɡla.sa.sje/ | glaçassent /ɡla.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | glace /ɡlas/ | — | glaçons /ɡla.sɔ̃/ | glacez /ɡla.se/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- glaçage
- glacé
- glacer le sang
Related terms
- glace
Descendants
- → Italian: glassare
Further reading
- “glacer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.