giwaltan
Old High German
Alternative forms
- kiwaltan
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *gawaldaną; equivalent to gi- + waltan. Cognates include Old English gewealdan, Old Saxon giwaldan, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gawaldan).
Verb
giwaltan
- to rule over
- to wield
Conjugation
Conjugation of giwaltan (strong class 7)
| infinitive | giwaltan | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st person singular | giwaltu | giwialt |
| 2nd person singular | giwaltis | giwialti |
| 3rd person singular | giwaltit | giwialt |
| 1st person plural | giwaltem, giwaltemes | giwialtum, giwialtumes |
| 2nd person plural | giwaltet | giwialtut |
| 3rd person plural | giwaltant | giwialtun |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st person singular | giwalte | giwialti |
| 2nd person singular | giwaltes | giwialtis |
| 3rd person singular | giwalte | giwialti |
| 1st person plural | giwaltem, giwaltemes | giwialtim, giwialtimes |
| 2nd person plural | giwaltet | giwialtit |
| 3rd person plural | giwalten | giwialtin |
| imperative | present | |
| singular | giwalt | |
| plural | giwaltet | |
| participle | present | past |
| giwaltanti | gigiwaltan | |
References
- Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014