girar
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin gȳrāre, present active infinitive of gȳrō. Cognate with Spanish girar, yirar, English gyrate, Italian girare, Occitan girar.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ʒiˈɾa/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /d͡ʒiˈɾaɾ/
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
girar (first-person singular present giro, past participle girat)
- to turn
- (obsolete) to translate
Conjugation
Conjugation of girar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | girar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | girant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | girat | girada | |||||
| plural | girats | girades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | giro | gires | gira | girem | gireu | giren | |
| imperfect | girava | giraves | girava | giràvem | giràveu | giraven | |
| future | giraré | giraràs | girarà | girarem | girareu | giraran | |
| preterite | girí | girares | girà | giràrem | giràreu | giraren | |
| conditional | giraria | giraries | giraria | giraríem | giraríeu | girarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | giri | giris | giri | girem | gireu | girin | |
| imperfect | girés | giressis | girés | giréssim | giréssiu | giressin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | gira | giri | girem | gireu | girin | ||
Derived terms
- capgirar
- caragirat
- gira
- giracamises
- girada
- giradís
- girador
- girament
- gira-sol
- giratori
- giravolt
- girell
- girientorn
- regirar
Further reading
- “girar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Kala Lagaw Ya
Verb
girar
- to dance
Occitan
Etymology
From Latin gȳrāre, present active infinitive of gȳrō.
Verb
girar
- to turn
Conjugation
Lengadocian (Central Occitan)| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | girar | aver girat | |||||
| gerund | girant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | girat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | giri | giras | gira | giram | giratz | giran | |
| imperfect | giravi | giravas | girava | giràvem | giràvetz | giravan | |
| preterite | girèri | girères | girèt | girèrem | girèretz | girèron | |
| future | girarai | giraràs | girarà | girarem | giraretz | giraràn | |
| conditional | girariái | girariás | girariá | girariam | girariatz | girarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | girèra | girèras | girèra | gireram | gireratz | girèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | gire | gires | gire | girem | giretz | giren | |
| imperfect | girèssi | girèsses | girèsse | girèssem | girèssetz | girèsson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| gira | girem | giratz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Auvernhàs| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | girar | aver girat | |||||
| gerund | girant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | girat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | gire | gires | gira | giram | giratz | giron | |
| imperfect | girave | giraves | girava | giraviam | giraviatz | giravon | |
| preterite | girere | gireres | giret | girem | giretz | gireron | |
| future | girarai | giraràs | girará | girarem | giraretz | girarán | |
| conditional | girariá | girariás | girariá | girariam | girariatz | girarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | girèra | girèras | girèra | gireram | gireratz | girèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | gire | gires | gire | girassiam | girassiatz | giron | |
| imperfect | giresse | giresses | giresse | giressiam | giressiatz | giresson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| gira | girassiam | giratz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Gascon| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | girar | aver girat | |||||
| gerund | girant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | girat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | giri | giras | gira | giram | giratz | giran | |
| imperfect | giravi | giravas | girava | giràvam | giràvatz | giravan | |
| preterite | girèi | girès | girè | girèm | girètz | girèn | |
| future | girarèi | giraràs | girarà | giraram | giraratz | giraràn | |
| conditional | girarí | girarés | giraré | girarem | giraretz | girarén | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | girèra | girèras | girèra | gireram | gireratz | girèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | giri | gires | gire | girem | giretz | giren | |
| imperfect | girèssi | girèsses | girèsse | girèssem | girèssetz | girèssen | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| gira | girem | giratz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Lemosin| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | girar | aver girat | |||||
| gerund | girant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | girat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | gire | giras | gira | giram | giratz | giran | |
| imperfect | girava | giravas | girava | giràvam | giràvatz | giravan | |
| preterite | girei | gireras | giret | girèram | girèratz | gireran | |
| future | girarai | giraràs | girará | girarem | giraretz | girarán | |
| conditional | girariá | girariàs | girariá | girariam | girariatz | girarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | girèra | girèras | girèra | gireram | gireratz | girèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | gire | gires | gire | girem | giretz | giren | |
| imperfect | girèsse | girèsses | girèsse | girèssem | girèssetz | girèssen | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| gira | girem | giratz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Provençau| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | girar | aver girat | |||||
| gerund | girant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | girat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | gire | gires | gira | giram | giratz | giran | |
| imperfect | giravi | giravas | girava | giràvem | giràvetz | giravan | |
| preterite | girère | girères | girèt | gireriam | gireriatz | girèron | |
| future | girarai | giraràs | girarà | girarem | giraretz | giraràn | |
| conditional | girariáu | girariás | girariá | girariam | girariatz | girarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | girèra | girèras | girèra | gireram | gireratz | girèran | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | gire | gires | gire | girem | giretz | giran | |
| imperfect | girèsse | girèsses | girèsse | giressiam | giressiatz | girèsson | |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| gira | girem | giratz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Portuguese
Verb
girar (first-person singular present giro, first-person singular preterite girei, past participle girado)
- (intransitive) to turn; to rotate (change one’s own orientation)
- (transitive) to turn; to rotate (change the orientation of something)
- inflection of girar:
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive
Conjugation
Conjugation of girar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | girar | |||||
| Personal | girar | girares | girar | girarmos | girardes | girarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| girando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | girado | girados | ||||
| Feminine | girada | giradas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | giro | giras | gira | giramos | girais | giram |
| Imperfect | girava | giravas | girava | girávamos | giráveis | giravam |
| Preterite | girei | giraste | girou | giramos1, girámos2 | girastes | giraram |
| Pluperfect | girara | giraras | girara | giráramos | giráreis | giraram |
| Future | girarei | girarás | girará | giraremos | girareis | girarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| giraria | girarias | giraria | giraríamos | giraríeis | girariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | gire | gires | gire | giremos | gireis | girem |
| Imperfect | girasse | girasses | girasse | girássemos | girásseis | girassem |
| Future | girar | girares | girar | girarmos | girardes | girarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | gira | gire | giremos | girai | girem | |
| Negative (não) | não gires | não gire | não giremos | não gireis | não girem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Synonyms
- virar, rotar, rotacionar, rodar
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin gȳrāre, present active infinitive of gȳrō, from Latin gȳrus (“circle”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros). Doublet of yirar. Compare with French gyrer, Galician xirar, Portuguese girar, Italian girare. Compare also English gyrate.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xiˈɾaɾ/ [xiˈɾaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: gi‧rar
Verb
girar (first-person singular present giro, first-person singular preterite giré, past participle girado)
- to turn, pivot
- Gira a la izquierda.
- Turn to the left.
- to spin, rotate, revolve, twirl, gyrate
- La tierra gira alrededor del sol.
- The earth revolves around the sun.
Conjugation
Conjugation of girar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | girar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | girando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | girado | girada | |||||
| plural | girados | giradas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | giro | girastú girásvos | gira | giramos | giráis | giran | |
| imperfect | giraba | girabas | giraba | girábamos | girabais | giraban | |
| preterite | giré | giraste | giró | giramos | girasteis | giraron | |
| future | giraré | girarás | girará | giraremos | giraréis | girarán | |
| conditional | giraría | girarías | giraría | giraríamos | giraríais | girarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | gire | girestú girésvos2 | gire | giremos | giréis | giren | |
| imperfect (ra) | girara | giraras | girara | giráramos | girarais | giraran | |
| imperfect (se) | girase | girases | girase | girásemos | giraseis | girasen | |
| future1 | girare | girares | girare | giráremos | girareis | giraren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | giratú girávos | gire | giremos | girad | giren | ||
| negative | no gires | no gire | no giremos | no giréis | no giren | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of girar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive girar | |||||||
| dative | girarme | girarte | girarle, girarse | girarnos | giraros | girarles, girarse | |
| accusative | girarme | girarte | girarlo, girarla, girarse | girarnos | giraros | girarlos, girarlas, girarse | |
| with gerund girando | |||||||
| dative | girándome | girándote | girándole, girándose | girándonos | girándoos | girándoles, girándose | |
| accusative | girándome | girándote | girándolo, girándola, girándose | girándonos | girándoos | girándolos, girándolas, girándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative gira | |||||||
| dative | gírame | gírate | gírale | gíranos | not used | gírales | |
| accusative | gírame | gírate | gíralo, gírala | gíranos | not used | gíralos, gíralas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative girá | |||||||
| dative | girame | girate | girale | giranos | not used | girales | |
| accusative | girame | girate | giralo, girala | giranos | not used | giralos, giralas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative gire | |||||||
| dative | gíreme | not used | gírele, gírese | gírenos | not used | gíreles | |
| accusative | gíreme | not used | gírelo, gírela, gírese | gírenos | not used | gírelos, gírelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative giremos | |||||||
| dative | not used | girémoste | girémosle | girémonos | girémoos | girémosles | |
| accusative | not used | girémoste | girémoslo, girémosla | girémonos | girémoos | girémoslos, girémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative girad | |||||||
| dative | giradme | not used | giradle | giradnos | giraos | giradles | |
| accusative | giradme | not used | giradlo, giradla | giradnos | giraos | giradlos, giradlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative giren | |||||||
| dative | gírenme | not used | gírenle | gírennos | not used | gírenles, gírense | |
| accusative | gírenme | not used | gírenlo, gírenla | gírennos | not used | gírenlos, gírenlas, gírense | |
Derived terms
- gira
- girada
- giradiscos
- girador
- giramiento
- girante
- girasol
Related terms
- giro
Descendants
- → Tagalog: hira
See also
- doblar
Further reading
- “girar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Verb
girar
- present tense of gira.