gero
See also: Gero
Basque
Alternative forms
- guero (obsolete)
Etymology
Unknown, probably contains the adverbial suffix -ro.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡeɾo/, [ɡe̞.ɾo̞]
Adverb
gero (comparative geroago, superlative geroen, excessive geroegi)
- later
Noun
gero inan
- (literary) future
- Synonyms: etorkizun, geroaldi
- (grammar) future tense
- Synonym: geroaldi
Declension
| Declension of gero (inanimate, ending in vowel) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | singular | plural | |
| absolutive | gero | geroa | geroak |
| ergative | gerok | geroak | geroek |
| dative | gerori | geroari | geroei |
| genitive | geroren | geroaren | geroen |
| comitative | gerorekin | geroarekin | geroekin |
| causative | gerorengatik | geroarengatik | geroengatik |
| benefactive | gerorentzat | geroarentzat | geroentzat |
| instrumental | geroz | geroaz | geroez |
| inessive | gerotan | geroan | geroetan |
| locative | gerotako | geroko | geroetako |
| allative | gerotara | gerora | geroetara |
| terminative | gerotaraino | geroraino | geroetaraino |
| directive | gerotarantz | gerorantz | geroetarantz |
| destinative | gerotarako | gerorako | geroetarako |
| ablative | gerotatik | gerotik | geroetatik |
| partitive | gerorik | — | — |
| prolative | gerotzat | — | — |
References
- “gero” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
Further reading
- "gero" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
- “gero” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus
Japanese
Romanization
gero
- Rōmaji transcription of ゲロ
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *gezō and cognate with Faliscan 𐌊𐌄𐌔𐌄𐌕 (keset). According to De Vaan,[1] from a post-PIE *h₂ǵ-es-, an extension of the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eǵ- (from which agō); compare Proto-Germanic *kas- (“to bring up; throw”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈɡe.roː/, [ˈɡɛroː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒe.ro/, [ˈd͡ʒɛːro]
Verb
gerō (present infinitive gerere, perfect active gessī, supine gestum); third conjugation
- I carry, bear
- Synonyms: ferō, portō, vehō, traho, effero
- partum gerere ― to be pregnant (lit., to be carrying an offspring/fetus/embryo/one's young)
- uterum gerere ― to be pregnant (lit., to be bearing the womb)
- I manage, conduct (e.g., one's affairs)
- Synonyms: moderor, regō, prōcūrō, dispēnsō
- I rule, govern
- Synonyms: dominor, imperō, magistrō, imperitō, rēgnō, regō, moderor, ōrdinō
- I wear (i.e. have on clothing)
- I have or possess (of traits)
- Synonyms: habeo, teneo
- I perform, accomplish
- Synonyms: perficiō, dēfungor, cōnficiō, agō, cumulō, conclūdō, condō, peragō, absolvō, inclūdō, claudō, expleō, fungor, efficiō, nāvō, patrō, exsequor, perpetrō, trānsigō, exhauriō
- I exhibit, display, reveal
- Synonyms: praebeō, ostendō, ostentō, expōnō, prōpōnō, prōferō, prōtrahō, acclārō, prōdō, indicō, profiteor, vulgō, praestō, coarguō, fateor
- I carry on or out, wage
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.23-24:
- Id metuēns, veterisque memor Sāturnia bellī,
prīma quod ad Trōiam prō cārīs gesserat Argīs.- Saturn’s [daughter was] fearing this [destiny], and [she was] ever-mindful of the old war against Troy which she had been the first to wage on behalf of her beloved Argos.
(A daughter of Saturn, Juno – having favored the Greeks and the Greek city Argos – had fought the Trojan war, and now fears the eventual rise of Rome. See: Juno (mythology); Argos, Peloponnese.)
- Saturn’s [daughter was] fearing this [destiny], and [she was] ever-mindful of the old war against Troy which she had been the first to wage on behalf of her beloved Argos.
- Id metuēns, veterisque memor Sāturnia bellī,
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.59:
- ‘Mārtis opus iuvenēs animōsaque bella gerēbant [...].’
- ‘‘Young men were carrying out the work of Mars and courageous wars [...].’’
(The voice is that of the muse Urania.)
- ‘‘Young men were carrying out the work of Mars and courageous wars [...].’’
- ‘Mārtis opus iuvenēs animōsaque bella gerēbant [...].’
- Bellum gerere ― to wage war
- Bellum gerant aliī. ― Let others wage war.
- (reflexive) I behave, conduct, comport
Conjugation
| Conjugation of gerō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | gerō | geris | gerit | gerimus | geritis | gerunt |
| imperfect | gerēbam | gerēbās | gerēbat | gerēbāmus | gerēbātis | gerēbant | |
| future | geram | gerēs | geret | gerēmus | gerētis | gerent | |
| perfect | gessī | gessistī | gessit | gessimus | gessistis | gessērunt, gessēre | |
| pluperfect | gesseram | gesserās | gesserat | gesserāmus | gesserātis | gesserant | |
| future perfect | gesserō | gesseris | gesserit | gesserimus | gesseritis | gesserint | |
| passive | present | geror | gereris, gerere | geritur | gerimur | geriminī | geruntur |
| imperfect | gerēbar | gerēbāris, gerēbāre | gerēbātur | gerēbāmur | gerēbāminī | gerēbantur | |
| future | gerar | gerēris, gerēre | gerētur | gerēmur | gerēminī | gerentur | |
| perfect | gestus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | gestus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | gestus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | geram | gerās | gerat | gerāmus | gerātis | gerant |
| imperfect | gererem | gererēs | gereret | gererēmus | gererētis | gererent | |
| perfect | gesserim | gesserīs | gesserit | gesserīmus | gesserītis | gesserint | |
| pluperfect | gessissem | gessissēs | gessisset | gessissēmus | gessissētis | gessissent | |
| passive | present | gerar | gerāris, gerāre | gerātur | gerāmur | gerāminī | gerantur |
| imperfect | gererer | gererēris, gererēre | gererētur | gererēmur | gererēminī | gererentur | |
| perfect | gestus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | gestus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | gere | — | — | gerite | — |
| future | — | geritō | geritō | — | geritōte | geruntō | |
| passive | present | — | gerere | — | — | geriminī | — |
| future | — | geritor | geritor | — | — | geruntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | gerere | gessisse | gestūrum esse | gerī | gestum esse | gestum īrī | |
| participles | gerēns | — | gestūrus | — | gestus | gerendus, gerundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| gerendī | gerendō | gerendum | gerendō | gestum | gestū | ||
Derived terms
- aggerō
- congerō
- dēgerō
- dīgerō
- ēgerō
- -ger
- gerēns
- gerula
- gerulus
- gerundium
- gerundus
- gestiō
- gestō
- gestor
- gestus
- ingerō
- intergerō
- oggerō
- praegerō
- prōgerō
- regerō
- suggerō
- verbigerō
Descendants
- French: gérer
- Portuguese: gerir
- Spanish: gerer
References
- “gero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “gero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- gero in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- gero in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- gero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to comply with a person's wishes; to humour: alicui morem gerere, obsequi
- to accomodate oneself to another's wishes: alicuius voluntati morem gerere
- to be at enmity with a man: inimicitias gerere, habere, exercere cum aliquo
- to be occupied with business, busy: negotia agere, gerere
- to give oneself airs: elatius se gerere
- to display a proud obstinacy: contumacius se gerere
- after having duly taken the auspices: auspicato (rem gerere, urbem condere)
- to manage one's affairs, household, property well or ill: rem bene (male) gerere (vid. sect. XVI. 10a)
- to govern, administer the state: rem publicam gerere, administrare, regere, tractare, gubernare
- to be neutral: medium se gerere
- to perform official duties: munus administrare, gerere
- to be dictator: dictaturam gerere
- to perform the censors' duties: censuram agere, gerere
- to perform heroic exploits: magnas res gerere
- to make war on a person: bellum gerere cum aliquo
- to win, lose a fight (of the commander): rem (bene, male) gerere (vid. sect. XII. 2, note rem gerere...)
- to fight with swords at close quarters: gladio comminus (opp. eminus) rem gerere
- to throw down the javelins (pila) and fight with the sword: omissis pilis gladiis rem gerere
- swords must now decide the day: res gladiis geri coepta est
- (ambiguous) to gesticulate: gestum (always in the sing.) agere
- to comply with a person's wishes; to humour: alicui morem gerere, obsequi
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Mangas
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡéró/
Noun
gero
- millet
References
- Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.
Old Dutch
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *gerô.
Noun
gero m
- lust, desire
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Middle Dutch: gēre
- Dutch: geer
Further reading
- “gero”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Portuguese
Verb
gero
- first-person singular present indicative of gerar
Venetian
Verb
gero
- first-person singular imperfect indicative of èser