germanium

germanium

See also: germánium and Germanium

English

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: gallium (Ga)
Next: arsenic (As)

Etymology

From Latin Germānia (“Germany”) + -ium.

Pronunciation

• (US) enPR: jûrmā'nēəm, IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɚˈmeɪni.əm/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪniəm

Noun

germanium (countable and uncountable, plural germaniums)

1. A nonmetallic chemical element (symbol Ge) with an atomic number of 32: a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group.
   • 1959 March, “Talking of Trains: New B.R. locomotive orders”, in Trains Illustrated, page 118:

     This equipment, which includes transformers, germanium rectifiers and smoothing apparatus, has been designed to allow the existing electric multiple-unit traction motors to operate on rectified alternating current.

   • 1970, James W[alter] Mayer; Lennart Eriksson; John A[rthur] Davies, “General Features of Ion Implantation”, in Ion Implantation in Semiconductors: Silicon and Germanium, New York, N.Y.: Academic Press, OCLC 912401876, page 5:

     The isolated disordered regions and the amorphous layer have widely different anneal behavior. In the case of germanium and silicon, the isolated disordered regions anneal at moderate temperatures of approximately 200° and 300° C, respectively. The amorphous layers also anneal in a characteristic fashion, but at appreciably higher temperatures, i.e., at approximately 600° C in silicon and 400° C in germanium.

2. (countable) An atom of this element.

Derived terms

• germanate
• germanic
• germanide
• germanite
• germanium dioxide
• germanium hydride
• germanium tetrachloride
• germanium tetrahydride
• germanous
• silicon-germanium

 

Related terms

• germane
• germanomethane
• monogermane

 

Translations

chemical element

Afrikaans: germanium (af) Albanian: germanium ? Arabic: جَرْمَانْيُوم‎ m (jarmanyum) Armenian: գերմանիում (hy) (germanium) Asturian: xermaniu (ast) m Basque: germanioa Belarusian: герма́ній m (hjermánij) Breton: germaniom ? Bulgarian: герма́ний (bg) m (germánij) Catalan: germani (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 鍺／锗 (zh) (zhě) Cornish: germanyum ? Czech: germanium (cs) n Danish: germanium (da) n Dutch: germanium (nl) n Esperanto: germaniumo (eo) Estonian: germaanium (et) Faroese: germanium n Finnish: germanium (fi) French: germanium (fr) m Friulian: gjermani ? Galician: xermanio (gl) m Georgian: გერმანიუმი (germaniumi) German: Germanium (de) n Greek: γερμάνιο (el) n (germánio) Hebrew: גרמניום‎ (he) m (germányum) Hindi: सिकातु ? (sikātu) Hungarian: germánium (hu) Icelandic: german (is) n Interlingua: germanium Irish: gearmáiniam (ga) m Italian: germanio (it) m Japanese: ゲルマニウム (ja) (gerumaniumu) Kashubian: germón ? Kazakh: германий (kk) (germanii) Khmer: ស៊ែម៉ាញ៉ូម (sɛɛmaañoum) Korean: 게르마늄 (ko) (gereumanyum), 저마늄 (ko) (jeomanyum) Latvian: germānijs m Lingala: jemani class 9a/10a Lithuanian: germanis (lt) m Luxembourgish: Germanium ? Macedonian: германиум m (germanium) Malay: germanium Maltese: ġermanju m Manx: germaanium ? Mongolian: германи (germani) Norwegian: germanium (no) n Occitan: germani m Persian: ژرمانیوم‎ (fa) (žermâniyom) Polish: german (pl) m Portuguese: germânio (pt) m Romanian: germaniu (ro) n Russian: герма́ний (ru) m (germánij) Scottish Gaelic: gearmainium m Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: гѐрма̄ниј m, германиjум m Roman: gèrmānij (sh) m, germanijum m Slovak: germánium (sk) n Slovene: germánij (sl) m Spanish: germanio (es) m Swedish: germanium (sv) n Tagalog: hermanyo Tajik: германий (germaniy) Tamil: சாம்பலியம் (cāmpaliyam) Thai: เจอร์เมเนียม (jəə-mee-nîiam) Turkish: germanyum (tr) Ukrainian: герма́ній m (hermánij), ґерма́ній m (germánij) Uzbek: германий (uz) (germaniy), germaniy (uz) Vietnamese: gecmani Volapük: gärmin (vo) Welsh: germaniwm (cy) m West Frisian: germanium ?

See also

• argyrodite
• ekasilicon

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Afrikaans

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: gallium (Ga)
Next: arseen (As)

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

germanium (uncountable)

1. germanium

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Czech

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: gallium (Ga)
Next: arsen (As)

Noun

germanium n

1. germanium (nonmetallic chemical element with an atomic number of 32)

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Danish

Noun

germanium n (singular definite germaniummet, not used in plural form)

1. germanium
   • 2006, Bogen Om Grundstofferne, Gyldendal Uddannelse, →ISBN, page 74:

     Germanium er en såkaldt halvleder.

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

   • 1886, Tidsskrift for physik og chemi samt disse videnskabers anvendelse

     Nærmere Undersøgelser have imidlertid viist, at Germanium er tetravalent, ...

   • 2004, IT-ord 2005, Libris Media A/S, →ISBN, page 64:

     Silicium og germanium er de to vigtigste halvledende materialer.

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

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Dutch

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: gallium (Ga)
Next: arseen (As)

Etymology

Borrowed from German Germanium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌɣɛrˈmaː.ni.ʏm/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ger‧ma‧ni‧um
• Rhymes: -aːniʏm

Noun

germanium n (uncountable)

1. germanium (chemical element) [from 1886]

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Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see English germanium).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡermɑnium/, [ˈɡe̞rmɑˌnium]
• Rhymes: -ium
• Syllabification^(key): ger‧ma‧ni‧um

Noun

germanium

1. germanium

Declension

Inflection of germanium (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		germanium	germaniumit
genitive		germaniumin	germaniumien
partitive		germaniumia	germaniumeja
illative		germaniumiin	germaniumeihin
		singular	plural
nominative		germanium	germaniumit
accusative	nom.	germanium	germaniumit
	gen.	germaniumin
genitive		germaniumin	germaniumien
partitive		germaniumia	germaniumeja
inessive		germaniumissa	germaniumeissa
elative		germaniumista	germaniumeista
illative		germaniumiin	germaniumeihin
adessive		germaniumilla	germaniumeilla
ablative		germaniumilta	germaniumeilta
allative		germaniumille	germaniumeille
essive		germaniumina	germaniumeina
translative		germaniumiksi	germaniumeiksi
instructive		—	germaniumein
abessive		germaniumitta	germaniumeitta
comitative		—	germaniumeineen

Possessive forms of germanium (type risti)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	germaniumini	germaniumimme
2nd person	germaniumisi	germaniuminne
3rd person	germaniuminsa

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒɛʁ.ma.njɔm/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

germanium m (uncountable)

1. germanium

Further reading

• “germanium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Latin

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: gallium (Ga)
Next: arsenicum (As)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɡerˈmaː.ni.um/, [ɡɛrˈmäːniʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒerˈma.ni.um/, [d͡ʒerˈmäːnium]

Noun

germānium n (genitive germāniī); second declension

1. germanium

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	germānium	germānia
Genitive	germāniī	germāniōrum
Dative	germāniō	germāniīs
Accusative	germānium	germānia
Ablative	germāniō	germāniīs
Vocative	germānium	germānia

References

• germanium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) eastern, western Germany: Germania quae or Germaniae ea pars quae, ad orientem, occidentem vergit
    

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Limburgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʝɛʁˈmaː˨ɲɔ˧m]

Noun

germanium n

1. (uncountable) germanium
2. A part of germanium

Inflection

Declension of germanium

	Root singular	Root plural	Diminutive singular	Diminutive plural
Nominative	germanium	germania	germanieke	germaniekes
Genitive	germaniums	germania	germaniekes	germaniekes
Locative	germanieës	germanieëser	germanieëske	germanieëskes
Dative¹	germaniumme	—	germanieke	—
Accusative¹	germanium	—	germanieke	—
¹Dative and accusative are nowadays obsolete, the nominative is used instead.

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Malay

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: galium (Ga)
Next: arsenik (As)

Etymology

From English germanium, from Latin Germānia + -ium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡə(r)maniom], [ɡə(r)maniəm], [d͡ʒə(r)maniəm]
• Rhymes: -iom, -jom, -om

Noun

germanium

1. germanium (chemical element)

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Swedish

Chemical element
Ge
Previous: gallium (Ga)
Next: arsenik (As)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jɛrˈmɑːnɪɵm/

Noun

germanium n (uncountable)

1. germanium

Declension

Declension of germanium
	Uncountable
	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	germanium	germaniumet	—	—
Genitive	germaniums	germaniumets	—	—