ajaa
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *ajadak, from Proto-Uralic *aja-. Cognates include Estonian ajama and Northern Sami vuodjit. Probably an old borrowing from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- or one of its descendants; see the Proto-Uralic entry for more.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑjɑːˣ/, [ˈɑjɑː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑjɑː
- Syllabification(key): a‧jaa
Verb
ajaa
- (transitive) to drive, ride, travel in a vehicle, transport in a car
- ajaa autoa ― to drive a car
- ajaa polkupyörällä ― to ride a bike
- rekat ajavat hiekkaa ― the trucks are transporting sand
- ajaa ylinopeutta ― to speed
- used of several other forms of movement
- ajaa kilpaa, ajaa rallia ― to race (rally)
- ajaa yhteen ― to collide
- ajaa yli ― to run over
- ajaa puuhun ― to crash onto a tree
- ajaa karille ― to run aground
- tykistö ajoi asemiin ― the artillery took positions
- (transitive) to drive away, chase, pursue, expel, deport
- ajaa tiehensä, ajaa pois ― to chase away
- ajaa takaa ― to chase, pursue
- (transitive) to drive or herd (animals) in a particular direction
- ajaa karjaa ― to drive cattle
- (transitive) to advocate a certain idea
- ajaa luonnonsuojelun asiaa ― to advocate the case of nature protection
- ajaa läpi ― to push through
- (transitive) to force into a certain state
- velat ajoivat yrityksen konkurssiin ― the debts bankrupted the company
- (transitive) to operate a device
- ydinvoimala ajettiin alas huoltoa varten.
- The nuclear power plant was shut down for maintenance.
- ajaa moottori sisään ― to break in / run in an engine
- (transitive) to shave, cut
- ajaa partansa ― to shave (one's beard)
- ajaa nurmikko ― to cut the grass
- (transitive, computing) to run, execute (a computer program)
Conjugation
| Inflection of ajaa (Kotus type 56/kaivaa, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | ajan | en aja | 1st sing. | olen ajanut | en ole ajanut | |
| 2nd sing. | ajat | et aja | 2nd sing. | olet ajanut | et ole ajanut | |
| 3rd sing. | ajaa | ei aja | 3rd sing. | on ajanut | ei ole ajanut | |
| 1st plur. | ajamme | emme aja | 1st plur. | olemme ajaneet | emme ole ajaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | ajatte | ette aja | 2nd plur. | olette ajaneet | ette ole ajaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | ajavat | eivät aja | 3rd plur. | ovat ajaneet | eivät ole ajaneet | |
| passive | ajetaan | ei ajeta | passive | on ajettu | ei ole ajettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | ajoin | en ajanut | 1st sing. | olin ajanut | en ollut ajanut | |
| 2nd sing. | ajoit | et ajanut | 2nd sing. | olit ajanut | et ollut ajanut | |
| 3rd sing. | ajoi | ei ajanut | 3rd sing. | oli ajanut | ei ollut ajanut | |
| 1st plur. | ajoimme | emme ajaneet | 1st plur. | olimme ajaneet | emme olleet ajaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | ajoitte | ette ajaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte ajaneet | ette olleet ajaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | ajoivat | eivät ajaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat ajaneet | eivät olleet ajaneet | |
| passive | ajettiin | ei ajettu | passive | oli ajettu | ei ollut ajettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | ajaisin | en ajaisi | 1st sing. | olisin ajanut | en olisi ajanut | |
| 2nd sing. | ajaisit | et ajaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit ajanut | et olisi ajanut | |
| 3rd sing. | ajaisi | ei ajaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi ajanut | ei olisi ajanut | |
| 1st plur. | ajaisimme | emme ajaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme ajaneet | emme olisi ajaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | ajaisitte | ette ajaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte ajaneet | ette olisi ajaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | ajaisivat | eivät ajaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat ajaneet | eivät olisi ajaneet | |
| passive | ajettaisiin | ei ajettaisi | passive | olisi ajettu | ei olisi ajettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | aja | älä aja | 2nd sing. | ole ajanut | älä ole ajanut | |
| 3rd sing. | ajakoon | älköön ajako | 3rd sing. | olkoon ajanut | älköön olko ajanut | |
| 1st plur. | ajakaamme | älkäämme ajako | 1st plur. | olkaamme ajaneet | älkäämme olko ajaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | ajakaa | älkää ajako | 2nd plur. | olkaa ajaneet | älkää olko ajaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | ajakoot | älkööt ajako | 3rd plur. | olkoot ajaneet | älkööt olko ajaneet | |
| passive | ajettakoon | älköön ajettako | passive | olkoon ajettu | älköön olko ajettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | ajanen | en ajane | 1st sing. | lienen ajanut | en liene ajanut | |
| 2nd sing. | ajanet | et ajane | 2nd sing. | lienet ajanut | et liene ajanut | |
| 3rd sing. | ajanee | ei ajane | 3rd sing. | lienee ajanut | ei liene ajanut | |
| 1st plur. | ajanemme | emme ajane | 1st plur. | lienemme ajaneet | emme liene ajaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | ajanette | ette ajane | 2nd plur. | lienette ajaneet | ette liene ajaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | ajanevat | eivät ajane | 3rd plur. | lienevät ajaneet | eivät liene ajaneet | |
| passive | ajettaneen | ei ajettane | passive | lienee ajettu | ei liene ajettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | ajaa | present | ajava | ajettava | ||
| long 1st2 | ajaakseen | past | ajanut | ajettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | ajaessa | ajettaessa | agent1, 3 | ajama | |
| instructive | ajaen | — | negative | ajamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | ajamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | ajamasta | — | ||||
| illative | ajamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | ajamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | ajamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | ajaman | ajettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | ajaminen | ||||
| partitive | ajamista | |||||
| 5th2 | ajamaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
- nouns: aihe, aitta, ajaja, ajo, ajokas, ajokki
- verbs: frequentative ajella, ajelehtia; factitive ajattaa; reflexive ajautua
References
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
Greenlandic
Pronunciation
- (Nuuk) IPA(key): [a.jaː]
Interjection
ajaa
- exclamation of dismay
References
- ajaa in Katersat
- Lorentzen, S. Den grønlandske ordbog, at oqaasileriffik.gl
Votic
Verb
ajaa
- Alternative spelling of ajja
References
- V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn