gaļa
Latgalian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic [Term?]. Cognates include Latvian gaļa and Sudovian fała.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɡalʲa]
- Hyphenation: ga‧ļa
Noun
gaļa f
- meat
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | gaļa | galis, gaļas1) |
genitive | galis, gaļas1) | gaļu |
dative | gaļai | gaļom |
accusative | gaļu | galis, gaļas1) |
instrumental | gaļu | gaļom |
locative | gaļā | gaļuos |
vocative | gaļa, gaļ | galis, gaļas1) |
1) dialectal |
References
- Nicole Nau (2011) A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 25
Latvian
Etymology
The origin of this word has not been fully explained. It may have been derived from the same stem as the (dated) verb galēt (“to kill”) (cf. dzelt (“to sting”), derived from another grade of the same stem), so that it would have originally meant “stabbed, killed, slaughtered (animal).” A different hypothesis is that gaļa is cognate with Russian го́лый (gólyj, “naked”), its original meaning having been “naked (= skinned) flesh, meat.” Either way, gaļa has replaced in this sense the word miesa, formerly “meat,” now specifically “(human) flesh.” Cognates include Sudovian fała (probably misspelled *gala).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɡaʎa]
(file) |
Noun
gaļa f (4th declension)
- meat (food obtained from the flesh of slaughtered animals)
- cūkas, aitas, jēra gaļa ― pig, sheep, lamb meat (i.e. pork, mutton, lamb)
- vērša, liellopu gaļa ― ox, cattle meat (i.e. beef)
- zivju gaļa ― fish meat
- trekna, liesa gaļa ― fatty, lean meat
- jēla, zaļa gaļa ― raw, green (i.e. raw) meat
- cepta, vārīta, žāvēta gaļa ― fried, boiled, dried meat
- malta gaļa ― minced meat
- gaļas šķēle ― meat slice
- gaļas kvalitāte ― meat quality
- sālīt, sautēt gaļu ― to salt, to stew meat
- kāposti, pīrāgs ar gaļu ― cabbage, pastry (pirogi) with meat
- gaļas ražošana, rūpniecība ― meat production, industry
- truša gaļu, tāpat kā teļa gaļu, organisms viegli izmanto... ar savu maigo un patīkamo garšu tā atgādina vistas gaļu
- rabbit meat, like veal (lit. calf meat), can be easily utilized (i.e. digested) by the (human) organism... with its mild and pleasant taste, it is reminiscent of chicken meat
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) meat (containing meat, cooked or prepared with meat)
- gaļas produkti ― meat products
- gaļas buljons, zupa ― meat broth, soup
- gaļas mērce ― meat sauce
- gaļas kotletes, pīrāgi ― meatballs, pastry (pirogi)
- gaļas konservi ― canned meat
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally, of animals) meat (from which one obtains meat; reared in order to produce meat)
- gaļas cūka, govs ― meat pig, cow
- gaļas lopi ― meat cattle
- gaļas cāļi ― meat chicks (i.e. chicken)
- meat, flesh (animal muscular and adipose tissue; also, colloquially, human flesh, usually miesa)
- gaļas olbaltumvielas ― meat protein
- kur gaļa, tur kauli; kur āda, tur spalva
- where (there is) meat, (there are) bones; where (there is) skin, (there is) fur
- mans ievainojums nav smags, bet lode iedzinusi no šineļa gaļā vilnas piku
- my wound is not heavy (i.e. serious), but the bullet drove in a lump of wool from the coat into (my) meat (or flesh)
- (rare) meat, flesh (soft, juicy part of a fruit)
- auglis (parastajai mandelei) no sāniem saspiests olveida kaulenis ar ādainu gaļu
- the fruit (of the common almond tree) is, from the side, a compressed oval drupe with leathery flesh
Declension
singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | gaļa | gaļas |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | gaļu | gaļas |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | gaļas | gaļu |
dative (datīvs) | gaļai | gaļām |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | gaļu | gaļām |
locative (lokatīvs) | gaļā | gaļās |
vocative (vokatīvs) | gaļa | gaļas |
Synonyms
(of "flesh"): miesa
Derived terms
- cūkgaļa
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “gaļa”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN