garu

garu

See also: -garu

Guugu Yimidhirr

Noun

garu

1. brain

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Hausa

Etymology

Borrowed from Kanuri gàrú.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡàː.rúː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ɡàː.rúː]

Noun

gā̀r̃ū m (plural gār̃ukā̀, possessed form gā̀r̃un)

1. wall around a settlement or compound

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Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡaru]
• Hyphenation: ga‧ru

Etymology 1

From Malay garu. Doublet of garuk.

Noun

garu (first-person possessive garuku, second-person possessive garumu, third-person possessive garunya)

1. harrow, rake

   Synonym: penggaruk

Derived terms

• menggaru
• penggaru
• penggaruan

 

• garu rumput

 

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit अगुरु (aguru).[1]

Noun

garu (first-person possessive garuku, second-person possessive garumu, third-person possessive garunya)

1. agarwood (Cantleya corniculata).

Alternative forms

• gaharu

References

1. Mona Lohanda; Tom Hoogervorst; Marco Roling; Nurhayu Santoso (2018) VOC Glossary Indonesia, 1.4 edition, Arsip Nasional Republik Indonesia (ANRI) and The Corts Foundation (TCF)

Further reading

• “garu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

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Japanese

Romanization

garu

1. Rōmaji transcription of がる

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Latvian

Noun

garu m

1. accusative singular of gars
2. instrumental singular of gars
3. genitive plural of gars

Adjective

garu

1. accusative singular masculine form of garš
2. instrumental singular masculine form of garš
3. genitive plural masculine form of garš
4. accusative singular feminine form of garš
5. instrumental singular feminine form of garš
6. genitive plural feminine form of garš

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Makasar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡaru]

Verb

garu (Lontara spelling ᨁᨑᨘ, semi-transitive a'garu)

1. (transitive) to stir

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Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaʀaw (“to scratch; itch mite, vermin”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaru/
• Rhymes: -aru, -ru

Verb

garu (Jawi spelling ݢارو‎)

1. to scratch

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• penggaru [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
• menggaru [agent focus] (meN-)
• menggarukan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• menggaru-garu [reduplication + agent focus] (redup + meN-)
• digaru [patient focus] (di-)
• digarukan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• digaru-garu [reduplication + patient focus] (redup + di-)
• tergaru [agentless action] (teR-)
• tergaru-garu [reduplication + agentless action] (redup + teR-)
• bergaru [stative / habitual] (beR-)
• bergaru-garu [reduplication + stative / habitual] (redup + beR-)

Noun

garu (Jawi spelling ݢارو‎, plural garu-garu, informal 1st possessive garuku, 2nd possessive garumu, 3rd possessive garunya)

1. harrow, rake

Descendants

• Indonesian: garu

Further reading

• “garu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• 𑀕𑀭𑀼 (Brahmi script)
• गरु (Devanagari script)
• গরু (Bengali script)
• ගරු (Sinhalese script)
• ဂရု or ၷရု (Burmese script)
• ครุ or คะรุ (Thai script)
• ᨣᩁᩩ (Tai Tham script)
• ຄຣຸ or ຄະຣຸ (Lao script)
• គរុ (Khmer script)
• 𑄉𑄢𑄪 (Chakma script)

Adjective

garu

1. heavy
2. venerable

Declension

Declension table of "garu" (masculine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	garu	garavo or garū
Accusative (second)	garuṃ	garavo or garū
Instrumental (third)	garunā	garūhi or garūbhi
Dative (fourth)	garussa or garuno	garūnaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	garusmā or garumhā	garūhi or garūbhi
Genitive (sixth)	garussa or garuno	garūnaṃ
Locative (seventh)	garusmiṃ or garumhi	garūsu
Vocative (calling)	garu	garave or garavo

Declension table of "garunī" (feminine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	garunī	garuniyo or garunī
Accusative (second)	garuniṃ or garuniyaṃ	garuniyo or garunī
Instrumental (third)	garuniyā	garunīhi or garunībhi
Dative (fourth)	garuniyā	garunīnaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	garuniyā	garunīhi or garunībhi
Genitive (sixth)	garuniyā	garunīnaṃ
Locative (seventh)	garuniyā or garuniyaṃ	garunīsu
Vocative (calling)	garuni	garuniyo or garunī

Declension table of "garu" (neuter)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	garu	garūni or garū
Accusative (second)	garuṃ	garūni or garū
Instrumental (third)	garunā	garūhi or garūbhi
Dative (fourth)	garussa or garuno	garūnaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	garusmā or garumhā	garūhi or garūbhi
Genitive (sixth)	garussa or garuno	garūnaṃ
Locative (seventh)	garusmiṃ or garumhi	garūsu
Vocative (calling)	garu	garūni or garū

Descendants

• → Burmese: ဂရု (ga.ru.)
• → Thai: ครุ (krú)
• → Khmer: គរុ (kĕəʼruʼ)

Noun

garu m

1. teacher (clarification of this definition is needed)

Declension

Declension table of "garu" (masculine)

Case \\ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	garu	garavo or garū
Accusative (second)	garuṃ	garavo or garū
Instrumental (third)	garunā	garūhi or garūbhi
Dative (fourth)	garussa or garuno	garūnaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	garusmā or garumhā	garūhi or garūbhi
Genitive (sixth)	garussa or garuno	garūnaṃ
Locative (seventh)	garusmiṃ or garumhi	garūsu
Vocative (calling)	garu	garave or garavo

Derived terms

• guru

Descendants

• → Thai: ครุ (krú)
• → Khmer: គរុ (kĕəʼruʼ)

References

Pali Text Society (1921-1925), “garu”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

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Welsh

Pronunciation

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɡarɨ̞/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈɡaːri/, /ˈɡari/

Verb

garu

1. Soft mutation of caru.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
caru	garu	ngharu	charu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.