gangrener
See also: gangréner
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.ne/
Audio (file)
Verb
gangrener
- (reflexive, medicine) to develop gangrene
- (figuratively) to completely corrupt
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il gangrène rather than *il gangrene. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of gangrener (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | gangrener | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | gangrenant /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | gangrené /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.ne/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | gangrènes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | gangrenons /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɔ̃/ | gangrenez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.ne/ | gangrènent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ |
imperfect | gangrenais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɛ/ | gangrenais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɛ/ | gangrenait /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɛ/ | gangrenions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.njɔ̃/ | gangreniez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nje/ | gangrenaient /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɛ/ | |
past historic2 | gangrenai /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.ne/ | gangrenas /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.na/ | gangrena /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.na/ | gangrenâmes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nam/ | gangrenâtes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nat/ | gangrenèrent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɛʁ/ | |
future | gangrènerai /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁe/ | gangrèneras /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁa/ | gangrènera /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁa/ | gangrènerons /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | gangrènerez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁe/ | gangrèneront /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | gangrènerais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | gangrènerais /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | gangrènerait /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | gangrènerions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ | gangrèneriez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛ.nə.ʁje/ or /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁe.nə.ʁje/ | gangrèneraient /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | gangrènes /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | gangrenions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.njɔ̃/ | gangreniez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nje/ | gangrènent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ |
imperfect2 | gangrenasse /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nas/ | gangrenasses /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nas/ | gangrenât /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.na/ | gangrenassions /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.na.sjɔ̃/ | gangrenassiez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.na.sje/ | gangrenassent /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | gangrène /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁɛn/ | — | gangrenons /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.nɔ̃/ | gangrenez /ɡɑ̃.ɡʁə.ne/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
- gangrène
Further reading
- “gangrener”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.