galvaniser
English
Etymology
galvanise + -er
Noun
galvaniser (plural galvanisers)
- Alternative spelling of galvanizer
French
Etymology
Named after Italian physiologist Luigi Aloisio Galvani (1737–1798).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
galvaniser
- to galvanize
Conjugation
Conjugation of galvaniser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | galvaniser | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | galvanisant /ɡal.va.ni.zɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | galvanisé /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ | galvanises /ɡal.va.niz/ | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ | galvanisons /ɡal.va.ni.zɔ̃/ | galvanisez /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ | galvanisent /ɡal.va.niz/ |
imperfect | galvanisais /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ | galvanisais /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ | galvanisait /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ | galvanisions /ɡal.va.ni.zjɔ̃/ | galvanisiez /ɡal.va.ni.zje/ | galvanisaient /ɡal.va.ni.zɛ/ | |
past historic2 | galvanisai /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ | galvanisas /ɡal.va.ni.za/ | galvanisa /ɡal.va.ni.za/ | galvanisâmes /ɡal.va.ni.zam/ | galvanisâtes /ɡal.va.ni.zat/ | galvanisèrent /ɡal.va.ni.zɛʁ/ | |
future | galvaniserai /ɡal.va.niz.ʁe/ | galvaniseras /ɡal.va.niz.ʁa/ | galvanisera /ɡal.va.niz.ʁa/ | galvaniserons /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɔ̃/ | galvaniserez /ɡal.va.niz.ʁe/ | galvaniseront /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | galvaniserais /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ | galvaniserais /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ | galvaniserait /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ | galvaniserions /ɡal.va.ni.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ | galvaniseriez /ɡal.va.ni.zə.ʁje/ | galvaniseraient /ɡal.va.niz.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ | galvanises /ɡal.va.niz/ | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ | galvanisions /ɡal.va.ni.zjɔ̃/ | galvanisiez /ɡal.va.ni.zje/ | galvanisent /ɡal.va.niz/ |
imperfect2 | galvanisasse /ɡal.va.ni.zas/ | galvanisasses /ɡal.va.ni.zas/ | galvanisât /ɡal.va.ni.za/ | galvanisassions /ɡal.va.ni.za.sjɔ̃/ | galvanisassiez /ɡal.va.ni.za.sje/ | galvanisassent /ɡal.va.ni.zas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | galvanise /ɡal.va.niz/ | — | galvanisons /ɡal.va.ni.zɔ̃/ | galvanisez /ɡal.va.ni.ze/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “galvaniser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norwegian Bokmål
Verb
galvaniser
- imperative of galvanisere