-GAII
Navajo
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Athabaskan *ɢɑɣ ~ *ɢɑy (“to be white”). Cognate root found in Ahtna lggay, Gwich'in daagąįį.
The extended meanings of “to be hot” and “to hurt” seem to be proper to Navajo among Athabascan languages.
Root
-GAII
- 1. white
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
łi + Ø | adjectival | S is white (neuter impf.)
| |||||
d | S is white (neuter perf.)
| ||||||
Ø | S becomes white
| S makes O white
| |||||
Ø | motion | white S moves
|
- 2. hot
Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ni + Ø | adjectival | S is hot, hurts
| S causes heat, pain
| ||||
ni + Ø | S becomes hot, hurts
| S makes O hot, hurts O
|
Stem set
Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TRANS | -gááh | -gaii | -gah | -gah | -gááh |
CONT | -gaah | - | - | - | - |
NEUT | -gai | -gai | - | - | - |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
warm, hot:
- -DOII
- -ZIIL
to hurt:
- -NIIʼ
Antonyms
Colors:
- -BAʼ (gray)
- -CHIIʼ (red)
- -TSOII (yellow)
- -TŁʼIIZH (blue, green)
- -ZHĮ́Į́ʼ (black)
cold, cool:
- -DLÍ
- -KʼAAZ
- -KʼEʼ (cool off, stop hurting)
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -GAII (white)
Navajo terms belonging to the root -GAII (hot)