-ga
Estonian
Etymology
Derived from kaasas, kaasa, which became a suffix. Cognate to Finnish kanssa, Finnish -kaa, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hansō.
Suffix
-ga
- ending of the comitative case
Irish
Alternative forms
- -da (after l and n)
- -dha (obsolete)
Suffix
-ga
- Added to nouns to form adjectives.
Derived terms
Related terms
- -aí
- -ta
Ojibwe
Noun
-ga (obligatorily possessed)
- mother
Usage notes
-ga is used by some older speakers.
Synonyms
- -maamaay
Derived terms
- ninga (“my mother”)
- giga (“your mother”)
- ogiin (“his/her/their mother”)
References
- The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ga-nad
Old English
Alternative forms
- -ca
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *-gō, from Proto-Germanic *-gjô, *-gô (suffix).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡɑ/
Suffix
-ga
- Diminutive suffix, used especially in familiar names for pets.
- docga ― dog
- frocga ― frog
- *picga ― pig
- *snecga ― snail
- stacga ― stag
- wicga ― insect
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -ga | -gan |
| accusative | -gan | -gan |
| genitive | -gan | -gena |
| dative | -gan | -gum |
Pali
Alternative forms
- -𑀕 (Brahmi script)
- -ग (Devanagari script)
- -গ (Bengali script)
- -ග (Sinhalese script)
- -ဂ or -ၷ (Burmese script)
- -ค or -คะ (Thai script)
- -ᨣ (Tai Tham script)
- -ຄ or -ຄະ (Lao script)
- -គ (Khmer script)
- -𑄉 (Chakma script)
Etymology
From the root to go. When used as the second element of an upapada tatpurusha, the vowel and final verbal roots ending in a nasal are reduced to their zero grade, /a/, which is then reinterpreted as the thematic vowel.
Adjective
-ga
- going
Usage notes
The adjective may be used in an absolute sense, thereby yielding a noun. This suffix is not used as a free-standing adjective.
Declension
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | -go | -gā |
| Accusative (second) | -gaṃ | -ge |
| Instrumental (third) | -gena | -gehi or -gebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | -gassa or -gāya or -gatthaṃ | -gānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | -gasmā or -gamhā or -gā | -gehi or -gebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | -gassa | -gānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | -gasmiṃ or -gamhi or -ge | -gesu |
| Vocative (calling) | -ga | -gā |
| Case \\ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | -gaṃ | -gāni |
| Accusative (second) | -gaṃ | -gāni |
| Instrumental (third) | -gena | -gehi or -gebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | -gassa or -gāya or -gatthaṃ | -gānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | -gasmā or -gamhā or -gā | -gehi or -gebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | -gassa | -gānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | -gasmiṃ or -gamhi or -ge | -gesu |
| Vocative (calling) | -ga | -gāni |
Derived terms
Words using this suffix are listed in their own category. Note that normally only the Latin script forms are listed, as etymology sections are normally restricted to the Latin script form.
Samoan
Suffix
-ga
- Used to make a verb into a noun with a related meaning.
Somali
Suffix
-ga
- the
Tokelauan
Etymology
From Proto-Polynesian *-ŋa. Cognates include Hawaiian -na and Samoan -ga.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-ŋa/
Suffix
-ga
- Used to form nouns denoting the action of the suffixed verb; -ion, -ing
- iloilo (“to examine”) + -ga → iloiloga (“examination”)
- Used to form nouns denoting the event of the suffixed verb; -ion, -ing
- tipi (“to cut”) + -ga → tīpiga (“surgery”)
- Used to form nouns denoting the object of the suffixed verb.
- kave (“to carry”) + -ga → kāvega (“load”)
Usage notes
- To make a distinction between the different senses of the suffix, the first vowel of the produced noun may be elongated:
- tipi (“to cut”) + -ga → tipiga (“act of cutting”)
- tipi (“to cut”) + -ga → tīpiga (“surgery”)
Derived terms
References
- R. Simona, editor (1986) Tokelau Dictionary, Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 133
Uzbek
Alternative forms
- -ka
Suffix
-ga
- to (dative case)