féith

féith

See also: feith

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fʲeː(h)/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish féith, from Proto-Celtic *wētā, *wēttā (“swamp, stream”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to wither”), see also Latin viēscō (“wither”), Lithuanian výsti (“wither”), Old High German wesanēn (“wither, wilt”) and Old Norse visna.[1]

Noun

féith f (genitive singular féithe, nominative plural féitheacha)

1. (anatomy) sinew; muscle
   1. (mollusks) adhesive muscle, foot
2. (anatomy) vein
   1. (mining) seam, thread, lode
   2. (figuratively) streak, bent, talent
   3. (botany) rib
3. soft seam in bogland, swampy strip
4. (botany) climbing, twining plant; trailer, vine

Declension

Declension of féith

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative féith féitheacha Vocative a fhéith a fhéitheacha Genitive féithe féitheacha Dative féith féitheacha

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an fhéith na féitheacha Genitive na féithe na bhféitheacha Dative leis an bhféith don fhéith leis na féitheacha

Derived terms

• féith bhorrtha
• féithpholladh
• meánfhéith

 

Etymology 2

From Old Irish féith (“calm, stillness”).

Adjective

féith (genitive singular feminine féithe, plural féithe, comparative féithe)

1. (of sea, air) calm, still, hushed, quiet
2. (of surface) smooth, unruffled
3. (of person) shy, bashful; quit, retiring

Declension

Declension of féith

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	féith	fhéith	féithe; fhéithe²
Vocative	fhéith		féithe
Genitive		féithe	féithe	féith
Dative	féith; fhéith¹	fhéith	féithe; fhéithe²
Comparative	níos féithe
Superlative	is féithe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• féithchiúin

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
féith	fhéith	bhféith
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “féith”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Entries containing “féith” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “féith” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

References

1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1123

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Old Irish

Alternative forms

• féth

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [fʲeːθʲ]

Noun

féith m

1. calm, stillness
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 126^a4

     arna té .i. féith forsna muire

     so that it may not go, i.e. a calm over the seas

Declension

Masculine i-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	féith	—	—
Vocative	féith	—	—
Accusative	féithN	—	—
Genitive	féthoH, féthaH	—	—
Dative	féithL	—	—
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: féith
• ⇒ Middle Irish: féthamail
  • Irish: féithiúil

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
féith	ḟéith	féith pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 féth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language