furunculus
Latin
Etymology
From fūr (“a thief”) + -unculus (diminutive nominal suffix).The use of the ending -unculus, which more often appeared in diminutives of n-stem nouns, may be influenced by analogy with the word latrunculus (“highwayman, robber”), a diminutive with a similar meaning.[1] Alternatively (particularly in the sense "ferret"), could be from fūrō + -culus, i.e. a diminutive formed on an n-stem base fūrō, an alternative form of fūr.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /fuːˈrun.ku.lus/, [fuːˈrʊŋkʊɫ̪ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /fuˈrun.ku.lus/, [fuˈruŋkulus]
Noun
fūrunculus m (genitive fūrunculī); second declension
- (literally) pilferer (petty thief)
- (transferred sense)
- (pathology) pointed burning sore on the human body; boil, furuncle
- (botany) germ or knob on a vine, so called from its shape
- (zoology) refers to some mustelid animal (either a stoat or a ferret)
- Synonyms: fūrō, ictis, viverra, furectus, furettus
Inflection
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | fūrunculus | fūrunculī |
Genitive | fūrunculī | fūrunculōrum |
Dative | fūrunculō | fūrunculīs |
Accusative | fūrunculum | fūrunculōs |
Ablative | fūrunculō | fūrunculīs |
Vocative | fūruncule | fūrunculī |
Descendants
All having the sense of 'sore, boil, abscess'.
- Italo-Romance:
- Central Italian: frongolo, frungolo
- Neapolitan: frungolo
- Tarantino: frunchiu
- North Italian:
- Friulian: faroncli, farungli
- >? Lombard: ferunqui
- Piedmontese: frungi
- Venetian: frungolo
- Gallo-Romance:
- Franco-Provençal:
- Franco-Provençal: furonclo, furoncllo, feusonclle, fosonclo, fruncle, furuncle
- Oïl:
- Bourbonnais-Berrichon: frongle, fronc, fronque, froncle
- Bourguignon: fronllhe, fairongh', feuronghi', frongle, froinlie
- Franc-Comtois: fenonche
- Lorrain: frombe
- Middle French: feroncle, froncle
- French: furoncle (latinized)
- Norman: froncle, flon
- Poitevin-Saintongeais: fronclle
- Franco-Provençal:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Gascon: horoncle, roncle
- Pyrenean: ronglo, rongo, ronco
- Occitan: foroncle, foroncle
- Gascon: horoncle, roncle
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Portuguese: foruncho
- Galician: furuncho, faruncho, feruncho, foroncho, foruncho
- Portuguese: fruncho
- Old Portuguese: foruncho
- Vulgar Latin:
- *fluruncus (see there for further descendants)
- *furuncellus (diminutive)
- Aromanian: furuntsel, furnitsel
- Romanian: furnicel
- Borrowings:
- → English: furuncle
- → German: Furunkel
- → Italian: foruncolo
- → Emilian: furuncal
- → Lombard: huroncul
- → Romagnol: furuncual
- → Polish: furunkuł
- → Portuguese: furúnculo
- → Romanian: furuncul
- → Russian: фурункул (furunkul)
- → Spanish: furúnculo, forúnculo
- Unsorted:
- Portuguese: frunco
References
- AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 685: “il foruncolo” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
- ALF: Atlas Linguistique de la France [Linguistic Atlas of France] – map 1574: “furoncle” – on lig-tdcge.imag.fr
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “fŭrŭnculus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 912
- Ludwig Ramshorn. 1860. Dictionary of Latin Synonymes, for the Use of Schools and Private Students. Page 14
Further reading
- “furunculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “furunculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- furunculus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette