fulgir
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin fulgēre.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /fuwˈʒi(ʁ)/ [fuʊ̯ˈʒi(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /fuwˈʒi(ɾ)/ [fuʊ̯ˈʒi(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /fuwˈʒi(ʁ)/ [fuʊ̯ˈʒi(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /fuwˈʒi(ɻ)/ [fuʊ̯ˈʒi(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /fulˈʒiɾ/ [fuɫˈʒiɾ]
Verb
fulgir (no stressed present indicative or subjunctive, first-person singular preterite fulgi, past participle fulgido) (Brazil)
fulgir (third-person only, third-person singular present fulge, third-person singular preterite fulgiu, past participle fulgido) (Portugal)
- (intransitive) to flash
- (intransitive) to shine, (in)to glow
- Synonym: resplandecer
- (intransitive, figurative) to stand out
- Synonyms: brilhar, sobressair
- (transitive) to make shine
Conjugation
- Brazil
Conjugation of fulgir (defective) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | fulgir | |||||
| Personal | fulgir | fulgires | fulgir | fulgirmos | fulgirdes | fulgirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| fulgindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | fulgido | fulgidos | ||||
| Feminine | fulgida | fulgidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | fulgimos | fulgis | — |
| Imperfect | fulgia | fulgias | fulgia | fulgíamos | fulgíeis | fulgiam |
| Preterite | fulgi | fulgiste | fulgiu | fulgimos | fulgistes | fulgiram |
| Pluperfect | fulgira | fulgiras | fulgira | fulgíramos | fulgíreis | fulgiram |
| Future | fulgirei | fulgirás | fulgirá | fulgiremos | fulgireis | fulgirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| fulgiria | fulgirias | fulgiria | fulgiríamos | fulgiríeis | fulgiriam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Imperfect | fulgisse | fulgisses | fulgisse | fulgíssemos | fulgísseis | fulgissem |
| Future | fulgir | fulgires | fulgir | fulgirmos | fulgirdes | fulgirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | — | — | — | fulgi | — | |
| Negative (não) | — | — | — | — | — | |
- Portugal
Conjugation of fulgir (third-person only; g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | fulgir | |||||
| Personal | — | — | fulgir | — | — | fulgirem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| fulgindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | fulgido | fulgidos | ||||
| Feminine | fulgida | fulgidas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | — | — | fulge | — | — | fulgem |
| Imperfect | — | — | fulgia | — | — | fulgiam |
| Preterite | — | — | fulgiu | — | — | fulgiram |
| Pluperfect | — | — | fulgira | — | — | fulgiram |
| Future | — | — | fulgirá | — | — | fulgirão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| — | — | fulgiria | — | — | fulgiriam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | — | — | fulja | — | — | fuljam |
| Imperfect | — | — | fulgisse | — | — | fulgissem |
| Future | — | — | fulgir | — | — | fulgirem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Negative (não) | — | — | — | — | — | |
References
- “fulgir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
- “fulgir” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- “fulgir” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
Semi-learned borrowing from Latin fulgēre, present active infinitive of fulgeō (“to shine, to glitter”).
Verb
fulgir (first-person singular present fuljo, first-person singular preterite fulgí, past participle fulgido)
- to shine
- Synonym: resplandecer
- to glow
Conjugation
Conjugation of fulgir (g-j alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | fulgir | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | fulgiendo | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | fulgido | fulgida | |||||
| plural | fulgidos | fulgidas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | fuljo | fulgestú fulgísvos | fulge | fulgimos | fulgís | fulgen | |
| imperfect | fulgía | fulgías | fulgía | fulgíamos | fulgíais | fulgían | |
| preterite | fulgí | fulgiste | fulgió | fulgimos | fulgisteis | fulgieron | |
| future | fulgiré | fulgirás | fulgirá | fulgiremos | fulgiréis | fulgirán | |
| conditional | fulgiría | fulgirías | fulgiría | fulgiríamos | fulgiríais | fulgirían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | fulja | fuljastú fuljásvos2 | fulja | fuljamos | fuljáis | fuljan | |
| imperfect (ra) | fulgiera | fulgieras | fulgiera | fulgiéramos | fulgierais | fulgieran | |
| imperfect (se) | fulgiese | fulgieses | fulgiese | fulgiésemos | fulgieseis | fulgiesen | |
| future1 | fulgiere | fulgieres | fulgiere | fulgiéremos | fulgiereis | fulgieren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | fulgetú fulgívos | fulja | fuljamos | fulgid | fuljan | ||
| negative | no fuljas | no fulja | no fuljamos | no fuljáis | no fuljan | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Further reading
- “fulgir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014