frutex
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin frutex.
Noun
frutex (plural frutexes or frutices)
- (botany) A plant with a woody, durable stem, but less than a tree; a shrub.
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for frutex in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)
Translations
a shrub
|
Latin
Etymology
Uncertain; proposed derivations include:
- From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil, brew, sprout?”), via shortening of *frūto-, and then connected to Old English brēowan (“to brew”).[1]
- From Proto-Indo-European *bʰruto-[1] or *bʰrutós and then connected to Old High German brōz (“bud, scion, offshoot”), Middle High German briezen (“to bud, swell”) and Old Irish broth (“awn, hair”).[2] Compare English breast, Proto-Celtic *brusū (“belly, abdomen, breast”) and Proto-Slavic *břȗxo (“belly”), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell”).
- From a root common to Ancient Greek βρύω (brúō, “to swell”) and (perhaps) Proto-West Germanic *krūd (“plant, herb”).[3]
- From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd-. Cognates include Old English brēotan (“to break”), Old Irish broth (“awn”) and maybe Lithuanian brùzgas (“bush, shrub”).
Compare Latin fruticare (“to sprout”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈfru.teks/, [ˈfrʊt̪ɛks̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈfru.teks/, [ˈfruːt̪eks]
Noun
frutex m (genitive fruticis); third declension
- shrub, bush
- trunk (of a tree)
- (informal) blockhead
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | frutex | fruticēs |
| Genitive | fruticis | fruticum |
| Dative | fruticī | fruticibus |
| Accusative | fruticem | fruticēs |
| Ablative | frutice | fruticibus |
| Vocative | frutex | fruticēs |
Derived terms
- fruticētum
- fruticō
- fruticōsus
- suffrutex
Descendants
- Portuguese: frútice
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “frutex”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 170
- Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938), “frutex”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 554
- “frutex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “frutex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- frutex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette