fructus
English
Etymology
From Latin frūctus.
Noun
fructus (uncountable)
- (law, historical) In Ancient Roman law, any product originating either from a natural source (such as fruits grown or animals bred) or from legal transactions (e.g. interest on a loan).
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *frūktos, perfect active participle of fruor (“have the benefit of, use, enjoy”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈfruːk.tus/, [ˈfruːkt̪ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈfruk.tus/, [ˈfrukt̪us]
Noun
frūctus m (genitive frūctūs); fourth declension
- enjoyment, delight, satisfaction
- Synonyms: gaudium, dēlicium, voluptās, laetitia, dēlectātiō
- Antonyms: maeror, maestitia, trīstitia, tristitās
- produce, product, fruit
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.671-672:
- fēcundior annus prōvenit, et frūctum terra pecūsque ferunt
- A more fertile year proceeds, and the land and the cattle bring forth produce.
- fēcundior annus prōvenit, et frūctum terra pecūsque ferunt
- Synonyms: seges, prōventus
- profit, yield, output, income
- (by extension) effect, result, return, reward, success
- Synonyms: successus, frūx, effectus, ēventus, exitus, prōventus
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 31:16:
- cōnsīderāvit agrum et emit eum dē frūctū manuum suārum plantāvit vīneam
- She hath considered a field, and bought it: with the fruit of her hands she hath planted a vineyard. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)
- cōnsīderāvit agrum et emit eum dē frūctū manuum suārum plantāvit vīneam
Declension
Fourth-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | frūctus | frūctūs |
Genitive | frūctūs | frūctuum |
Dative | frūctuī | frūctibus |
Accusative | frūctum | frūctūs |
Ablative | frūctū | frūctibus |
Vocative | frūctus | frūctūs |
Derived terms
- frūctifer
- frūctificātiō
- frūctificō
- frūctuārius
- frūctuōsē
- frūctuōsus
Related terms
- frūgālis
- frūgālitās
- frūgāliter
- frūgēscō
- frūgifer
- frūgiparus
- frūmen
- fruor
- frutex
- frūx
Descendants
- Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: frut, frutu, fructu, frutã
- Istro-Romanian: frupt
- Romanian: frupt, fruct
- Gallo-Italic:
- Ligurian: frûto
- Lombard: frut, fruta
- Piedmontese: frut
- Romagnol: fròtta
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Corsican: fruttu
- Gallurese: fruttu
- Italian: frutto, frutta
- → Cimbrian: frutta
- Neapolitan: frùtto
- Tarantino: frutte
- Sardinian: frutu, furtu, fruttu, frutta
- Sassarese: fruttu, Sassarese: frutta
- Sicilian: fruttu, frutta
- Navarro-Aragonese: fruto, fructo, fruyto
- Aragonese: fruito
- Old French: fruit
- Gallo: frut
- Middle French: fruict
- French: fruit
- Haitian Creole: fwi
- French: fruit
- Norman: frit
- Picard: frut
- Walloon: frut
- → Middle Dutch: fruut, froyt
- Dutch: fruit
- → Middle English: fruyt, freut, fruct, fruit, frut, frute
- English: fruit
- Bislama: frut
- Jamaican Creole: fruut
- Tok Pisin: frut
- → Japanese: フルーツ (furūtsu)
- Scots: fruit, frute
- → Cornish: frut
- English: fruit
- Old Leonese:
- Asturian: fruitu, fruita
- Extremaduran: frutu
- Leonese: fruitu, fruita
- Mirandese: fruito, fruita
- Old Occitan:
- Catalan: fruit, fruita
- Occitan: fruch, fruit, frucha, fruita
- Old Portuguese: fruito, froyta
- Galician: froito, froita, fruita
- Portuguese: fruito, fruta
- Old Spanish: frucho, frucha
- Spanish: fruto, Spanish: fruta
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: frut, frute, frutam
- Romansch: fritg, fretg, früt
- → Maltese: frott
- Venetian: fruto
- → Albanian: fryt (via Vulgar Latin), frutë (via Classical Latin)
- → Aromanian: fructu
- → Asturian: frutu, fruta
- → Basque: fruitu
- → Baltic Romani: frukto
- → Greek: φρούτο (froúto)
- → Leonese: frutu, fruta
- → Polish: frukt
- → Russian: фрукт (frukt)
- → Portuguese: fruto
- → Proto-Brythonic: *fruɨθ (see there for further descendants)
- → Proto-West Germanic: *fruht (see there for further descendants)
- → Romanian: fruct
- → Spanish: fruto
- → Ukrainian: фрукт (frukt)
Participle
frūctus (feminine frūcta, neuter frūctum); first/second-declension participle
- enjoyed, having derived pleasure from
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | frūctus | frūcta | frūctum | frūctī | frūctae | frūcta | |
Genitive | frūctī | frūctae | frūctī | frūctōrum | frūctārum | frūctōrum | |
Dative | frūctō | frūctō | frūctīs | ||||
Accusative | frūctum | frūctam | frūctum | frūctōs | frūctās | frūcta | |
Ablative | frūctō | frūctā | frūctō | frūctīs | |||
Vocative | frūcte | frūcta | frūctum | frūctī | frūctae | frūcta |
References
- “fructus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “fructus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- fructus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- fructus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
- (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me
- I am benefited by a thing: aliquid ad meum fructum redundat
- to reap: fructus demetere or percipere
- to harvest crops: fructus condere (N. D. 2. 62. 156)
- to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re
- “fructus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “fructus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin