freang

freang

Irish

Etymology

Probably from Middle Irish frencaid (“bend, bow”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /fʲɾʲɑuŋ(ɡ)/

Verb

freang (present analytic freangann, future analytic freangfaidh, verbal noun freangadh, past participle freangtha)

1. (transitive) twist, wrench
2. (transitive, mechanical engineering) strain

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	freangaim	freangann tú; freangair†	freangann sé, sí	freangaimid	freangann sibh	freangann siad; freangaid†	a fhreangann; a fhreangas / a bhfreangann*; a bhfreangas*	freangtar
	past	d'fhreang mé; d'fhreangas / fhreang mé‡; fhreangas‡	d'fhreang tú; d'fhreangais / fhreang tú; fhreangais‡	d'fhreang sé, sí / fhreang sé, sí‡	d'fhreangamar; d'fhreang muid / fhreangamar; fhreang muid‡	d'fhreang sibh; d'fhreangabhair / fhreang sibh; fhreangabhair‡	d'fhreang siad; d'fhreangadar / fhreang siad; fhreangadar‡	a d'fhreang / ar fhreang*	freangadh
	past habitual	d'fhreangainn / fhreangainn‡; bhfreangainn‡‡	d'fhreangtá / fhreangtá‡; bhfreangtᇇ	d'fhreangadh sé, sí / fhreangadh sé, sí‡; bhfreangadh sé, s퇇	d'fhreangaimis; d'fhreangadh muid / fhreangaimis; fhreangadh muid‡; bhfreangaimis‡‡; bhfreangadh muid‡‡	d'fhreangadh sibh / fhreangadh sibh‡; bhfreangadh sibh‡‡	d'fhreangaidís; d'fhreangadh siad / fhreangaidís; fhreangadh siad‡; bhfreangaidís‡‡; bhfreangadh siad‡‡	a d'fhreangadh / a bhfreangadh*	d'fhreangtaí / fhreangtaí‡; bhfreangta퇇
	future	freangfaidh mé; freangfad	freangfaidh tú; freangfair†	freangfaidh sé, sí	freangfaimid; freangfaidh muid	freangfaidh sibh	freangfaidh siad; freangfaid†	a fhreangfaidh; a fhreangfas / a bhfreangfaidh*; a bhfreangfas*	freangfar
conditional		d'fhreangfainn / fhreangfainn‡; bhfreangfainn‡‡	d'fhreangfá / fhreangfá‡; bhfreangfᇇ	d'fhreangfadh sé, sí / fhreangfadh sé, sí‡; bhfreangfadh sé, s퇇	d'fhreangfaimis; d'fhreangfadh muid / fhreangfaimis‡; fhreangfadh muid‡; bhfreangfaimis‡‡; bhfreangfadh muid‡‡	d'fhreangfadh sibh / fhreangfadh sibh‡; bhfreangfadh sibh‡‡	d'fhreangfaidís; d'fhreangfadh siad / fhreangfaidís‡; fhreangfadh siad‡; bhfreangfaidís‡‡; bhfreangfadh siad‡‡	a d'fhreangfadh / a bhfreangfadh*	d'fhreangfaí / fhreangfaí‡; bhfreangfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go bhfreanga mé; go bhfreangad†	go bhfreanga tú; go bhfreangair†	go bhfreanga sé, sí	go bhfreangaimid; go bhfreanga muid	go bhfreanga sibh	go bhfreanga siad; go bhfreangaid†	—	go bhfreangtar
	past	dá bhfreangainn	dá bhfreangtá	dá bhfreangadh sé, sí	dá bhfreangaimis; dá bhfreangadh muid	dá bhfreangadh sibh	dá bhfreangaidís; dá bhfreangadh siad	—	dá bhfreangtaí
imperative		freangaim	freang	freangadh sé, sí	freangaimis	freangaigí; freangaidh†	freangaidís	—	freangtar
verbal noun		freangadh
past participle		freangtha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡ Dependent form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

• íosfhreang

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
freang	fhreang	bhfreang
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “freang”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “frencaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Entries containing “freang” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “freang” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 22