forus
Latin
Etymology
Uncertain. Compare Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros, “-bearing”), Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “a passage; passage-way; ford; bridge”), Old High German bara, para (“a bar; barrier”).
Noun
forus m (genitive forī); second declension
- (nautical) a gangway
- (in a circus or stadium) a row of seats
- a cell of bees
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | forus | forī |
| Genitive | forī | forōrum |
| Dative | forō | forīs |
| Accusative | forum | forōs |
| Ablative | forō | forīs |
| Vocative | fore | forī |
References
- “forus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “forus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- forus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) at home; in one's native country: domi (opp. foris)
- (ambiguous) credit has disappeared: fides (de foro) sublata est (Leg. Agr. 2. 3. 8)
- (ambiguous) to shun publicity: publico carere, forum ac lucem fugere
- (ambiguous) at home; in one's native country: domi (opp. foris)
Old Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈforus/
Noun
forus n (genitive foris or forais)
- stable foundation
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 63c6
- .i. oldate inna foris [sic] diar n-athraib
- than the foundations of our fathers
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15d34
- í forus cen oclatid
- in firmness without boldness
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 63c6
- (law) dwelling, residence, household (of humans or contractual animals)
Inflection
The masculine o-stem plural foris attested in the Milan glosses is universally considered to be a scribal error.
| Neuter o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | forusN | forusN | forusL, foirsea |
| Vocative | forusN | forusN | forusL, foirsea |
| Accusative | forusN | forusN | forusL, foirsea |
| Genitive | foraisL | forus | forusN |
| Dative | forusL | foirsib | foirsib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Derived terms
- béim forais
Descendants
- Middle Irish: forus
- Irish: foras
- Scottish Gaelic: foras
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| forus | ḟorus | forus pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “forus”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language