fortuna

fortuna

See also: Fortuna

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin fortuna.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /fuɾˈtu.nə/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /furˈtu.nə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /foɾˈtu.na/

Noun

fortuna f (plural fortunes)

1. fortune, chance
2. fortune, riches

Derived terms

• per fortuna

---

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [forˈtuna]
• Rhymes: -una
• Hyphenation: for‧tun‧a

Adjective

fortuna (accusative singular fortunan, plural fortunaj, accusative plural fortunajn)

1. fortunate

Synonyms

• bonŝanca (“lucky”)
• feliĉa (“happy, fortunate”)

Related terms

• fortuno (“fortune, lucky”)

---

Finnish

Etymology

From Italian fortuna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfort(ː)u(ː)nɑ/, [ˈfo̞rt̪(ː)u(ː)nɑ]
• Rhymes: -ortunɑ
• Syllabification^(key): for‧tu‧na

Noun

fortuna

1. bagatelle, pin bagatelle (table game)

Declension

Inflection of fortuna (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		fortuna	fortunat
genitive		fortunan	fortunoiden fortunoitten
partitive		fortunaa	fortunoita
illative		fortunaan	fortunoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		fortuna	fortunat
accusative	nom.	fortuna	fortunat
	gen.	fortunan
genitive		fortunan	fortunoiden fortunoitten fortunainrare
partitive		fortunaa	fortunoita
inessive		fortunassa	fortunoissa
elative		fortunasta	fortunoista
illative		fortunaan	fortunoihin
adessive		fortunalla	fortunoilla
ablative		fortunalta	fortunoilta
allative		fortunalle	fortunoille
essive		fortunana	fortunoina
translative		fortunaksi	fortunoiksi
instructive		—	fortunoin
abessive		fortunatta	fortunoitta
comitative		—	fortunoineen

Possessive forms of fortuna (type kulkija)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	fortunani	fortunamme
2nd person	fortunasi	fortunanne
3rd person	fortunansa

Synonyms

• fortunapeli

Derived terms

• sähköfortuna

---

Galician

Alternative forms

• fertuna

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fortūna, from fōrs (“chance, luck”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [foɾˈtunɐ]

Noun

fortuna f (plural fortunas)

1. luck, fortune

   Synonym: sorte

2. fortune, wealth

References

• “fortuna” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “fortuna” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

---

Italian

Etymology

From Latin fortūna, from fōrs (“chance, luck”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /forˈtu.na/
• Rhymes: -una
• Hyphenation: for‧tù‧na

Noun

fortuna f (plural fortune)

1. luck
2. fortune

Synonyms

• sorte
• ventura

Antonyms

• sfortuna

Related terms

• di fortuna
• fortunato
• fortunoso
• per fortuna

Descendants

• → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
  • Greek: φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)

---

Latin

Etymology

From fors (“chance, luck”). Ultimately from *bʰer-.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /forˈtuː.na/, [fɔrˈt̪uːnä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /forˈtu.na/, [forˈt̪uːnä]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Noun

fortūna f (genitive fortūnae); first declension

1. fortune, luck
2. good fortune; misfortune (depending on context)
   • (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book V, line 710

     Superanda omnis fortuna ferendo est.

     All misfortune is to be overcome by enduring.

   • (Can we date this quote by Virgil and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?) Vergilius, Aeneis, Book X, lines 42-43

     Speravimus ista, dum fortuna fuit.

     Such we hoped, while good fortune was.

3. destiny, fate

   Synonyms: fātum, sors, necessitās

4. prosperity
5. (in the plural) possessions

   Synonyms: bonum, rēs

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	fortūna	fortūnae
Genitive	fortūnae	fortūnārum
Dative	fortūnae	fortūnīs
Accusative	fortūnam	fortūnās
Ablative	fortūnā	fortūnīs
Vocative	fortūna	fortūnae

Derived terms

• fortūnō

Related terms

• fors
• forsan
• forsit
• forsitan
• fortasse
• fortassis
• forte
• fortuītus
• fortuītō

Descendants

• Aromanian: furtunã
• Italian: fortuna
  • → Byzantine Greek: φορτούνα (phortoúna)
    • Greek: φουρτούνα (fourtoúna)
• Piedmontese: fortun-a
• Romanian: furtună
• → Albanian: furtunë
• → Catalan: fortuna
• → Dutch: fortuin
• → Occitan: fortuna
• → Old French: fortune
  • Middle French: fortune
    • French: fortune
  • → Middle English: fortune
    • English: fortune
      • → Welsh: ffortiwn
    • Scots: fortuin
• → Polish: fortuna
• → Portuguese: fortuna
• → Spanish: fortuna
• → Russian: фортуна (fortuna)
• Sicilian: furtuna

References

• “fortuna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “fortuna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• fortuna in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• fortuna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the position of the lower classes: condicio ac fortuna hominum infimi generis
    
  • to be fortunate, lucky: fortuna secunda uti
    
  • to be favoured by Fortune; to bask in Fortune's smiles: fortunae favore or prospero flatu fortunae uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
    
  • to be favoured by Fortune; to bask in Fortune's smiles: fortunam fautricem nancisci
    
  • Fortune makes men shortsighted, infatuates them: fortuna caecos homines efficit, animos occaecat
    
  • to try one's luck: fortunam tentare, experiri
    
  • to run a risk; to tempt Providence: fortunam periclitari (periculum facere)
    
  • to trust to luck: fortunae se committere
    
  • to have success in one's grasp: fortunam in manibus habere
    
  • to let success slip through one's fingers: fortunam ex manibus dimittere
    
  • luck is changing, waning: fortuna commutatur, se inclinat
    
  • the plaything of Fortune: ludibrium fortunae
    
  • Fortune's favourite: is, quem fortuna complexa est
    
  • to be abandoned by good luck: a fortuna desertum, derelictum esse
    
  • Fortune exalts a man, makes him conspicuous: fortuna aliquem effert
    
  • misfortune, adversity: fortuna adversa
    
  • to struggle with adversity: conflictari (cum) adversa fortuna
    
  • the vicissitudes of fortune: fortunae vicissitudines
    
  • to experience the vicissitudes of fortune; to have a chequered career: varia fortuna uti
    
  • to be exposed to the assaults of fate: fortunae telis propositum esse
    
  • to be abandoned to fate: fortunae obiectum esse
    
  • to be a victim of the malice of Fortune: ad iniurias fortunae expositum esse
    
  • to acquiesce in one's fate: fortunae cedere
    
  • to be in the enjoyment of a large fortune: fortunis maximis ornatum esse
    
  • I am discontented with my lot: fortunae meae me paenitet
    
  • to drive a person out of house and home: exturbare aliquem omnibus fortunis, e possessionibus
    
  • to drive a person out of house and home: evertere aliquem bonis, fortunis patriis
    
  • to take up one's abode in a place, settle down somewhere: sedem ac domicilium (fortunas suas) constituere alicubi
    
  • a degraded, servile condition: infima fortuna or condicio servorum
    
• “fortuna”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “fortuna”, in Samuel Ball Platner (1929), Thomas Ashby, editor, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, London: Oxford University Press
• “fortuna”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

---

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin fortuna.

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

fortuna f (plural fortunas)

1. fortune, luck

   Synonyms: sòrt, azard

2. fortune, riches

---

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fortūna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɔrˈtu.na/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -una
• Syllabification: for‧tu‧na

Noun

fortuna f (diminutive fortunka)

1. fortune (favorable destiny)
2. fortune (lots of riches)

Declension

Declension of fortuna

	singular	plural
nominative	fortuna	fortuny
genitive	fortuny	fortun
dative	fortunie	fortunom
accusative	fortunę	fortuny
instrumental	fortuną	fortunami
locative	fortunie	fortunach
vocative	fortuno	fortuny

Derived terms

adjective

• fortunny

 

Related terms

adverb

• fortunnie

 

noun

• fortunność

 

Further reading

• fortuna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• fortuna in Polish dictionaries at PWN

---

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin fortūna, from fōrs (“chance, luck”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [fohˈtũ.nɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [fohˈtũ.nɐ]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /foɾˈtũ.nɐ/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /foʁˈtũ.nɐ/ [foχˈtũ.nɐ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /foɻˈtu.na/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fuɾˈtu.nɐ/

• Hyphenation: for‧tu‧na

Noun

fortuna f (plural fortunas)

1. fortune (destiny)

   Synonyms: destino, sina

2. fortune (good luck)

   Synonyms: fortúnio, sorte

3. fortune (lots of riches)

---

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fortūna[1], from fōrs (“chance, luck”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /foɾˈtuna/ [foɾˈt̪u.na]
• Rhymes: -una
• Syllabification: for‧tu‧na

Noun

fortuna f (plural fortunas)

1. fortune

   Synonyms: prosperidad, riqueza

2. fortune, prophecy, reading
3. wealth

   Synonym: patrimonio

4. luck

   Synonyms: suerte, dicha

Derived terms

• afortunado
• cazafortunas
• galleta de la fortuna
• por fortuna
• rueda de la fortuna

 

References

1. Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading

• “fortuna”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014