formido
Latin
Etymology
- Possibly from the root Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”) (the same of firmus), as the fear that makes one rigid.
- Alternatively cognate with Ancient Greek μόρμω (mórmō), with the same dissimilation *morm- > form- seen in formīca and possibly fōrma.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /forˈmiː.doː/, [fɔrˈmiːd̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /forˈmi.do/, [forˈmiːd̪o]
Verb
formīdō (present infinitive formīdāre, perfect active formīdāvī, supine formīdātum); first conjugation
- I dread or fear
- I am afraid of or for
Conjugation
| Conjugation of formīdō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | formīdō | formīdās | formīdat | formīdāmus | formīdātis | formīdant |
| imperfect | formīdābam | formīdābās | formīdābat | formīdābāmus | formīdābātis | formīdābant | |
| future | formīdābō | formīdābis | formīdābit | formīdābimus | formīdābitis | formīdābunt | |
| perfect | formīdāvī | formīdāvistī | formīdāvit | formīdāvimus | formīdāvistis | formīdāvērunt, formīdāvēre | |
| pluperfect | formīdāveram | formīdāverās | formīdāverat | formīdāverāmus | formīdāverātis | formīdāverant | |
| future perfect | formīdāverō | formīdāveris | formīdāverit | formīdāverimus | formīdāveritis | formīdāverint | |
| passive | present | formīdor | formīdāris, formīdāre | formīdātur | formīdāmur | formīdāminī | formīdantur |
| imperfect | formīdābar | formīdābāris, formīdābāre | formīdābātur | formīdābāmur | formīdābāminī | formīdābantur | |
| future | formīdābor | formīdāberis, formīdābere | formīdābitur | formīdābimur | formīdābiminī | formīdābuntur | |
| perfect | formīdātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | formīdātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | formīdātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | formīdem | formīdēs | formīdet | formīdēmus | formīdētis | formīdent |
| imperfect | formīdārem | formīdārēs | formīdāret | formīdārēmus | formīdārētis | formīdārent | |
| perfect | formīdāverim | formīdāverīs | formīdāverit | formīdāverīmus | formīdāverītis | formīdāverint | |
| pluperfect | formīdāvissem | formīdāvissēs | formīdāvisset | formīdāvissēmus | formīdāvissētis | formīdāvissent | |
| passive | present | formīder | formīdēris, formīdēre | formīdētur | formīdēmur | formīdēminī | formīdentur |
| imperfect | formīdārer | formīdārēris, formīdārēre | formīdārētur | formīdārēmur | formīdārēminī | formīdārentur | |
| perfect | formīdātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | formīdātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | formīdā | — | — | formīdāte | — |
| future | — | formīdātō | formīdātō | — | formīdātōte | formīdantō | |
| passive | present | — | formīdāre | — | — | formīdāminī | — |
| future | — | formīdātor | formīdātor | — | — | formīdantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | formīdāre | formīdāvisse | formīdātūrum esse | formīdārī | formīdātum esse | formīdātum īrī | |
| participles | formīdāns | — | formīdātūrus | — | formīdātus | formīdandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| formīdandī | formīdandō | formīdandum | formīdandō | formīdātum | formīdātū | ||
Derived terms
- afformīdō
- performīdō
- praeformīdō
- reformīdō
Noun
formīdō f (genitive formīdinis); third declension
- fear, alarm, terror, dread
- fright, horror
- scarecrow
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | formīdō | formīdinēs |
| Genitive | formīdinis | formīdinum |
| Dative | formīdinī | formīdinibus |
| Accusative | formīdinem | formīdinēs |
| Ablative | formīdine | formīdinibus |
| Vocative | formīdō | formīdinēs |
Derived terms
- formīdābilis
- formīdāmen
- formīdulōsus
References
- “formido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “formido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- formido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- superstitious fears; phantoms: formidines
- superstitious fears; phantoms: formidines
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 749