forge

forge

See also: Forge and forgé

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /fɔːd͡ʒ/

  • Audio (UK)

    (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /fɔɹd͡ʒ/
• (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /fo(ː)ɹd͡ʒ/
• (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /foəd͡ʒ/
• Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)dʒ

Etymology 1

From Middle English forge, from Old French forge, early Old French faverge, from Latin fabrica (“workshop”), from faber (“workman in hard materials, smith”) (genitive fabri). Cognate with Franco-Provençal favèrge.

Noun

forge (plural forges)

1. A furnace or hearth where metals are heated prior to hammering them into shape.
2. A workshop in which metals are shaped by heating and hammering them.
3. The act of beating or working iron or steel.
   • 1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], OCLC 1044372886:

     In the greater bodies the forge was easy.

4. (computing) A Web-based collaborative platform for developing and sharing software.
   • 2018, V. M. Brasseur, Forge Your Future with Open Source

     If the project uses a forge like GitLab, GitHub, or BitBucket, it can be very easy to search all past commit logs […]

Derived terms

• American forge
• brute de forge
• Catalan forge
• Clifton Forge
• forge-hammer
• forge wagon
• software forge

 

Translations

furnace or hearth

Assamese: আফৰ (aphor) Bulgarian: огни́ще на кова́чница n (ogníšte na kováčnica) Catalan: farga (ca) f, forja (ca) f Danish: esse (da) c Dutch: smeltoven (nl), smidsvuur (nl) Finnish: ahjo (fi) French: forge (fr) f Galician: forxa f, frágoa, frauga f German: Schmiedeofen m, Esse (de) f, Schmiedefeuer n Italian: forgia (it) f Latin: camīnus m Manx: caardee m or f Maori: takuahi mahi maitai Middle English: herth Norwegian: Bokmål: esse m Nynorsk: esse f Old Prussian: kamenis m Polish: palenisko (pl) n Portuguese: frágua (pt) f, forja (pt) f Punjabi: ਪਹਾਰਾ (pa) (pahārā) Russian: горн (ru) m (gorn) Spanish: fragua (es) f, forja (es) f Swedish: ässja (sv) c

workshop

Albanian: farkë (sq) f Arabic: وَرْشَة حِدَادَة‎ f (waršat ḥidāda) Armenian: դարբնոց (hy) (darbnocʿ) Azerbaijani: dəmirçixana (az) Belarusian: ку́зня f (kúznja), кава́льня f (kaválʹnja) Breton: govel (br) Bulgarian: кова́чница f (kováčnica) Catalan: farga (ca) f Cherokee: ᎦᏅᏆᎶᏍᎩᎢ (ganvqualosgii) Chinese: Mandarin: 鐵匠鋪／铁匠铺 (zh) (tiějiàngpù) Czech: kovárna (cs) f Danish: smedje (da) c, smedeværksted n Dutch: smidse (nl), smelterij (nl), smederij (nl) f Finnish: paja (fi) (small scale), takomo (industrial scale), työpaja (fi), verstas (fi) French: forge (fr) f Galician: forxa f, frágoa f, ferraría (gl) f, ferreiría m Georgian: სამჭედლო (samč̣edlo) German: Schmiede (de) f Greek: σιδηρουργείο (el) n (sidirourgeío) Hindi: लोहारख़ाना m (lohārxānā) Hungarian: kovácsműhely (hu) Icelandic: smiðja (is) f Irish: ceárta f Italian: fucina (it) m Japanese: 鍛冶屋 (ja) (かじや, kajiya) (person or workshop) Karachay-Balkar: гюрбеджи (gürbeci) Kazakh: ұстахана (ūstaxana) Korean: 대장간 (ko) (daejanggan) Latvian: kalve f, smēde (lv) f (Germanism) Lezgi: чад (čad) Lithuanian: kalvė f Luxembourgish: Schmëdd f Macedonian: ковачница f (kovačnica) Manx: thie y chaardee m Maori: whare mahi maitai Middle English: forge Norwegian: Bokmål: smie m or f Nynorsk: smie f Old Prussian: autre Ossetian: курдбадзӕ (kurdbaʒæ), куырдадз (k°yrdaʒ) Persian: آهنگر‌خانه‎ (fa) (âhangarxâne) Polish: kuźnia (pl) f Portuguese: forja (pt) f Romanian: forjă (ro) f, fierărie (ro) f, forjărie (ro) f Russian: ку́зница (ru) f (kúznica), ку́зня (ru) f (kúznja) (colloquial or regional) Scottish Gaelic: ceàrdach m Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: ко̀ва̄чница f Roman: kòvāčnica (sh) f Silesian: kujźnia f Slovak: kováčňa (sk) f Slovene: kovačnica f Spanish: fragua (es) f, forja (es) f Swedish: smedja (sv) c Tagalog: batbatan Tajik: оҳангархона (ohangarxona) Thai: โรงตีเหล็ก Ukrainian: ку́зня (uk) f (kúznja), кова́льня (uk) f (koválʹnja) Urdu: لوہار خانَہ‎ m (lohār xānā) Uzbek: temirchi ishxonasi Vilamovian: śmyt f Welsh: gefail Yiddish: שמידערײַ‎ f (shmideray), קוזניע‎ f (kuznye)

Etymology 2

From Middle English forgen, from Anglo-Norman forger and Old French forgier, from Latin fabrico (“to frame, construct, build”).

Verb

forge (third-person singular simple present forges, present participle forging, simple past and past participle forged)

1. (metallurgy) To shape a metal by heating and hammering.
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene ii], line 451:

     On Mars's armor forged for proof eterne

   • 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], OCLC 752825175:

     Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. […]. Ikey the blacksmith had forged us a spearhead after a sketch from a picture of a Greek warrior; and a rake-handle served as a shaft.

2. To form or create with concerted effort.

   The politician's recent actions are an effort to forge a relationship with undecided voters.

   • 1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], OCLC 153628242:

     Those names that the schools forged, and put into the mouth of scholars, could never get admittance into common use.

   • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], OCLC 911789798, pages 45–46:

     O purblind race of miserable men, / How many among us at this very hour / Do forge a life-long trouble for ourselves. / By taking true for false, or false for true.

   • 2019 May 8, Jon Bailes, “Save yourself! The video games casting us as helpless children”, in The Guardian‎:

     In The Last Guardian, a kidnapped boy forges an uneasy relationship with a frightening beast in order to survive.

3. To create a forgery of; to make a counterfeit item of; to copy or imitate unlawfully.

   He had to forge his ex-wife's signature.  The jury learned the documents had been forged.

4. To make falsely; to produce, as that which is untrue or not genuine; to fabricate.
   • 1662, [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge: University Press, 1905, OCLC 963614346:

     That paltry story is untrue, / And forged to cheat such gulls as you.

Derived terms

• forge ahead
• forge over
• forgery

 

Translations

to shape a metal

Belarusian: кава́ць impf (kavácʹ) Bulgarian: кова (bg) impf (kova), изковавам (bg) (izkovavam) Catalan: forjar (ca), fargar (ca) Chinese: Mandarin: 鍛造／锻造 (zh) (duànzào), 鑄造／铸造 (zh) (zhùzào) Czech: kout (cs) impf Danish: smede Dutch: smeden (nl) Esperanto: forĝi Finnish: takoa (fi), työstää (fi), vasaroida (fi) French: forger (fr) Galician: forxar, traballar (gl) Georgian: გამოჭედვა (gamoč̣edva), ჭედვა (č̣edva) German: schmieden (de), warmformen, formen (de), ausschmieden Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍉𐌽 (gasmiþōn) Greek: σφυρηλατώ (el) (sfyrilató) Ido: forjar (io) Italian: forgiare (it), formare (it) Latgalian: kaļt, kausteit Latin: incudo Latvian: kalt Macedonian: ковам impf (kovam) Manx: obbree Norman: forgi (Jersey) Norwegian: Bokmål: smi Nynorsk: smi Occitan: hargar, fargar (oc) Old Church Slavonic: Cyrillic: ковати impf (kovati) Polish: kuć (pl) impf, wykuć (pl) pf Portuguese: forjar (pt) Punjabi: ਗਰਮ ਕਰਕੇ ਘੜਨਾ (garam karke ghaṛnā) Romanian: forja (ro), făuri (ro) Russian: кова́ть (ru) impf (kovátʹ) Slovak: kovať impf, kuť impf Slovene: kovati impf Spanish: forjar (es) Swedish: smida (sv) Tagalog: panday Ukrainian: кува́ти impf (kuváty) Volapük: smitön (vo) Yiddish: שמידן‎ (shmidn)

to create a forgery of

Bulgarian: подправям (bg) (podpravjam) Catalan: contrafer (ca), falsificar (ca) Danish: forfalske Dutch: vervalsen (nl) Finnish: väärentää (fi) French: falsifier (fr), contrefaire (fr) Galician: falsar, contrafacer, champullar German: fälschen (de), klittern (de) Greek: πλαστογραφώ (el) (plastografó) Italian: falsificare (it) Korean: 위조하다 (ko) (wijohada) Latvian: viltot Malay: meniru Manx: farscreeu, foalsee Maori: whakatapeha, aweke Norman: (please verify) forgi (Jersey) Occitan: hargar Polish: fałszować (pl) impf, sfałszować (pl) pf, podrabiać (pl) impf, podrobić (pl) pf Portuguese: forjar (pt) Punjabi: ਜਾਲ੍ਹਸਾਜ਼ੀ ਕਰਨਾ (jālhsāzī karnā) Russian: подде́лывать (ru) impf (poddélyvatʹ), подде́лать (ru) pf (poddélatʹ) Spanish: falsificar (es) Swedish: förfalska (sv) Ukrainian: підробляти impf (pidrobljaty), підробити pf (pidrobyty)

Etymology 3

Make way, move ahead, most likely an alteration of force, but perhaps from forge (n.), via notion of steady hammering at something. Originally nautical, in reference to vessels.

Verb

forge (third-person singular simple present forges, present participle forging, simple past and past participle forged)

1. (often as forge ahead) To move forward heavily and slowly (originally as a ship); to advance gradually but steadily; to proceed towards a goal in the face of resistance or difficulty.

   The party of explorers forged through the thick underbrush.

   We decided to forge ahead with our plans even though our biggest underwriter backed out.

   • 1849, Thomas De Quincey, Dream-Fugue (published in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine)

     And off she [a ship] forged without a shock.

2. (sometimes as forge ahead) To advance, move or act with an abrupt increase in speed or energy.

   With seconds left in the race, the runner forged into first place.

Translations

to move forward gradually in the face of resistance

Bulgarian: напредвам с труд (napredvam s trud) Dutch: met moeite/langzaam vorderen German: sich Bahn brechen, vorankämpfen, drängen (de), vorandrängen, vordrängen (de), vorwärts kommen, vorankommen (de), vorwärtskommen, nach vorn drängen, vorwärtskämpfen, vorkämpfen (de), vorwärts kämpfen Manx: traaue gys y toshiaght Polish: posuwać się (pl) Punjabi: ਪ੍ਰਤਿਰੋਧ ਬਾਵਜੂਦ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧਣਾ (prtirodh bāvjūd agge vadhṇā)

See also

• fabricate
• make up
• blacksmith

Anagrams

• go-fer, gofer

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French

Etymology

From Old French forge, from earlier faverge, inherited from Latin fābrica. Doublet of fabrique, which was borrowed.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fɔʁʒ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio (Paris)

  (file)

Noun

forge f (plural forges)

1. forge (workshop)
2. forge (furnace)

Descendants

• → Catalan: forja
• → Franco-Provençal: fôrge
• → Galician: forxa
• → Italian: forgia
• → Lombard: fòrgia (or from Franco-Provençal)
• → Piedmontese: fòrgia (or from Franco-Provençal)
• → Portuguese: forja
• → Romanian: forjă
• → Spanish: forja

Verb

forge

1. inflection of forger:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “forge”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old French forge, from earlier faverge, from Latin fabrica.

Alternative forms

• fforge

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɔrdʒ(ə)/, /ˈfɔːrdʒ(ə)/

Noun

forge

1. forge (workshop)

Descendants

• English: forge
• Scots: forge

References

• “fō̆rǧe, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Verb

forge

1. Alternative form of forgen

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Old French

Etymology

From older faverge, from Latin fābrica.

Noun

forge f (oblique plural forges, nominative singular forge, nominative plural forges)

1. forge (workshop)

Descendants

• French: forge
  • → Catalan: forja
  • → Franco-Provençal: fôrge
  • → Galician: forxa
  • → Italian: forgia
  • → Lombard: fòrgia (or from Franco-Provençal)
  • → Piedmontese: fòrgia (or from Franco-Provençal)
  • → Portuguese: forja
  • → Romanian: forjă
  • → Spanish: forja
• → Middle English: forge, fforge
  • English: forge
  • Scots: forge