fio
See also: fío and fi'o
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈfi.o/
- (Central) IPA(key): /ˈfi.u/
Verb
fio
- first-person singular present indicative form of fiar
Esperanto
| Φφ | Previous: | upsilono |
|---|---|---|
| Next: | ĥio |
Etymology
From Ancient Greek φῖ (phî, “the letter Φ”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- IPA(key): [ˈfio]
- Rhymes: -io
- Hyphenation: fi‧o
Noun
fio (accusative singular fion, plural fioj, accusative plural fiojn)
- phi
Italian
Etymology
From Old French fieu (“fief”), from Frankish *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock”).
Noun
fio m (plural fii)
- retribution
- penalty
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *fuiō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”). Compare with fuī, originally the perfect of this verb but now attached to sum (“I am”); and constructions with -bō, -bam (e.g. amābō, placēbō, nocēbō, monēbam, audiēbam).
The past participle is that of the unrelated verb faciō (“I make, do”). In Latin faciō and fīō were treated as the active and passive equivalents of each other, an example of suppletion.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈfiː.oː/, [ˈfiːoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈfi.o/, [ˈfiːo]
Note: the i in fi- is pronounced long, except when it is followed by er or en.
Verb
fīō (present infinitive fierī, perfect active factus sum); third conjugation, semi-deponent
- (passive form of) faciō
- (copulative) I become, am made
- Vōs ōrāmus ut discipulī ācerrimī fīātis ― We are begging you so that you may become very keen students
- I happen, take place, result, arise
- Synonyms: interveniō, ēveniō, obveniō, expetō, obtingō, incurrō, accēdō, incidō, accidō, intercidō, contingō
- ut fit ― as happens usually/as is customary
- fit ut ― it happens that
- Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 13:
- silentium et repentinafit quies
- A stillness and a sudden hush took place
- silentium et repentinafit quies
- I appear
- Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I, 10:
- fit obvius cum exercitu Romulus
- Romulus appeared with his army
- fit obvius cum exercitu Romulus
Usage notes
This verb ousted Facior, Facī in the sense of "to be made".
Conjugation
While it does have a fourth conjugation pattern when conjugated, this verb has an irregular infinitive (fierī), and is therefore third conjugation.
| Conjugation of fīō (third conjugation iō-variant, irregular long ī, suppletive in the supine stem, semi-deponent) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | fīō | fīs | fit | fīmus | fītis | fīunt |
| imperfect | fīēbam | fīēbās | fīēbat | fīēbāmus | fīēbātis | fīēbant | |
| future | fīam | fīēs | fīet | fīēmus | fīētis | fīent | |
| perfect | factus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | factus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | factus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | fīam | fīās | fīat | fīāmus | fīātis | fīant |
| imperfect | fierem | fierēs | fieret | fierēmus | fierētis | fierent | |
| perfect | factus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | factus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | fī | — | — | fīte | — |
| future | — | fītō | fītō | — | fītōte | fīuntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | fierī | factum esse | factum īrī | — | — | — | |
| participles | — | factus | — | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| fiendī | fiendō | fiendum | fiendō | factum | factū | ||
Verb
fīō
- first-person singular present passive indicative of faciō
Related terms
- faciō
- fīat lūx
- fīat jūstitia ruat cælum
Descendants
- Vulgar Latin: *fiō (see there for further descendants)
- → English: fiat
References
- “fio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “fio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- fio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
- the world of sense, the visible world: res sensibus or oculis subiectae (De Fin. 5. 12. 36)
- what is the use of: quid attinet? with Infin.
- those ideas have long ago been given up: illae sententiae iam pridem explosae et eiectae sunt (Fin. 5. 8. 23)
- to give lectures: scholas habere, explicare (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
- subtleties of logic; dilemmas: disserendi spinae (Fin. 4. 28. 79)
- premises; consequences: prima (superiora); consequentia (Fin. 4. 19. 54)
- to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
- to get a question submitted to one: quaestionem poscere (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
- native tongue; vernacular: sermo patrius (Fin. 1. 2. 4)
- to dedicate a book to some one: librum mittere ad aliquem (Fin. 1. 3. 8)
- kindheartedness: bonitas (Fin. 5. 29. 65)
- to be blinded by passions: cupiditatibus occaecari (Fin. 1. 10. 33)
- meagre diet: victus tenuis (Fin. 2. 28. 90)
- the main dish: caput cenae (Fin. 2. 8. 25)
- to live in solitude: in solitudine vivere (Fin. 3. 20. 65)
- an anecdote: narratiuncula, fabella (Fin. 5. 15)
- to prescribe in one's will: testamento aliquid cavere (Fin. 2. 31)
- banished from public life: gerendis negotiis orbatus (Fin. 5. 20. 57)
- the senate decrees to Africanus the honours of a triumph: triumphum senatus Africano decernit (Fin. 4. 9. 22)
- (ambiguous) to meet some one by chance: obvium or obviam esse, obviam fieri
- (ambiguous) what will become of him: quid illo fiet?
- (ambiguous) to become known, become a topic of common conversation (used of things): foras efferri, palam fieri, percrebrescere, divulgari, in medium proferri, exire, emanare
- (ambiguous) to be the talk of the town, a scandal: fabulam fieri
- (ambiguous) to become famous, distinguish oneself: clarum fieri, nobilitari, illustrari (not the post-classical clarescere or inclarescere
- (ambiguous) what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
- (ambiguous) to have to pay a vow; to obtain one's wish: voti damnari, compotem fieri
- (ambiguous) what is going on? how are you getting on: quid agitur? quid fit?
- (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut fit, ita ut fit, ut fere fit
- (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut solet, ut fieri solet
- (ambiguous) the price of corn is going down: annona laxatur, levatur, vilior fit
- (ambiguous) what is your opinion: quid de ea re fieri placet?
- (ambiguous) a resolution of the senate (not opposed by a tribunicial veto) was made: senatus consultum fit (Att. 2. 24. 3)
- (ambiguous) some one is accused: aliquis reus fit (Fam. 13. 54)
- the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 146
- Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈfi.u/, /ˈfiw/ [ˈfiʊ̯]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈfi.u/
- Rhymes: -iu
- Hyphenation: fi‧o
Etymology 1
From Old Portuguese fio, from Latin fīlum, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-.
Noun
fio m (plural fios)
- (textiles) thread
- string
- (jewelry) chain
- (electronics) wire
Derived terms
- afiar
- fio condutor
- fio da navalha
- fio de água
- fio dental
Related terms
- fiar
- afilar
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
fio
- first-person singular present indicative of fiar
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
fio m (plural fios, feminine fia, feminine plural fias)
- Eye dialect spelling of filho, representing Caipira Portuguese.
- Synonym: fío
Romansch
Etymology
From Late Latin fīcātum (“liver”), from Latin iecur fīcātum (“fig-stuffed liver”).
Noun
fio m (plural fios)
- (anatomy, Puter) liver
Synonyms
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader) gnirom
- (Surmiran) nirom
- (Puter) gniram
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) dir
- (Surmiran) deir
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈfjo/ [ˈfjo]
- Rhymes: -o
- Syllabification: fio
Verb
fio
- third-person singular preterite indicative of fiar