finio
See also: finió
Latin
Etymology
From fīnis (“boundary, limit”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈfiː.ni.oː/, [ˈfiːnioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈfi.ni.o/, [ˈfiːnio]
Verb
fīniō (present infinitive fīnīre, perfect active fīnīvī or fīniī, supine fīnītum); fourth conjugation
- I finish, terminate
- I set, appoint
- I limit, bound
- Synonyms: delīmitō, līmitō, moderor, inclūdō, claudō, minuō, coerceō
- (figuratively) I restrain
Conjugation
| Conjugation of fīniō (fourth conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | fīniō | fīnīs | fīnit | fīnīmus | fīnītis | fīniunt |
| imperfect | fīniēbam | fīniēbās | fīniēbat | fīniēbāmus | fīniēbātis | fīniēbant | |
| future | fīniam | fīniēs | fīniet | fīniēmus | fīniētis | fīnient | |
| perfect | fīnīvī, fīniī | fīnīvistī, fīniistī | fīnīvit, fīniit | fīnīvimus, fīniimus | fīnīvistis, fīniistis | fīnīvērunt, fīnīvēre, fīniērunt, fīniēre | |
| pluperfect | fīnīveram, fīnieram | fīnīverās, fīnierās | fīnīverat, fīnierat | fīnīverāmus, fīnierāmus | fīnīverātis, fīnierātis | fīnīverant, fīnierant | |
| future perfect | fīnīverō, fīnierō | fīnīveris, fīnieris | fīnīverit, fīnierit | fīnīverimus, fīnierimus | fīnīveritis, fīnieritis | fīnīverint, fīnierint | |
| passive | present | fīnior | fīnīris, fīnīre | fīnītur | fīnīmur | fīnīminī | fīniuntur |
| imperfect | fīniēbar | fīniēbāris, fīniēbāre | fīniēbātur | fīniēbāmur | fīniēbāminī | fīniēbantur | |
| future | fīniar | fīniēris, fīniēre | fīniētur | fīniēmur | fīniēminī | fīnientur | |
| perfect | fīnītus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | fīnītus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | fīnītus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | fīniam | fīniās | fīniat | fīniāmus | fīniātis | fīniant |
| imperfect | fīnīrem | fīnīrēs | fīnīret | fīnīrēmus | fīnīrētis | fīnīrent | |
| perfect | fīnīverim, fīnierim | fīnīverīs, fīnierīs | fīnīverit, fīnierit | fīnīverīmus, fīnierīmus | fīnīverītis, fīnierītis | fīnīverint, fīnierint | |
| pluperfect | fīnīvissem, fīniissem | fīnīvissēs, fīniissēs | fīnīvisset, fīniisset | fīnīvissēmus, fīniissēmus | fīnīvissētis, fīniissētis | fīnīvissent, fīniissent | |
| passive | present | fīniar | fīniāris, fīniāre | fīniātur | fīniāmur | fīniāminī | fīniantur |
| imperfect | fīnīrer | fīnīrēris, fīnīrēre | fīnīrētur | fīnīrēmur | fīnīrēminī | fīnīrentur | |
| perfect | fīnītus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | fīnītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | fīnī | — | — | fīnīte | — |
| future | — | fīnītō | fīnītō | — | fīnītōte | fīniuntō | |
| passive | present | — | fīnīre | — | — | fīnīminī | — |
| future | — | fīnītor | fīnītor | — | — | fīniuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | fīnīre | fīnīvisse, fīniisse | fīnītūrum esse | fīnīrī | fīnītum esse | fīnītum īrī | |
| participles | fīniēns | — | fīnītūrus | — | fīnītus | fīniendus, fīniundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| fīniendī | fīniendō | fīniendum | fīniendō | fīnītum | fīnītū | ||
Related terms
- fīnālis
- fīniēns
- fīnis
- fīnītē
- fīnitimus
- fīnītīvus
- fīnītor
- fīnītus
- īnfīnitās
- īnfīnītē
- īnfīnītiō
- īnfīnītus
Descendants
- Old Portuguese: fĩir
- Galician: fiir
- Sardinian: finire
- Old Spanish: fenir
- Spanish: finir
- ⇒ Latin: *fīnēscō
- Franco-Provençal: finir
- Old French: finer, fenir, finir
- → English: finish, fine (obsolete)
- → Danish: finish
- → Dutch: finish
- French: finir
- → Romanian: fini
- Norman: finir
- Tourangeau: féni
- → English: finish, fine (obsolete)
- Friulian: finî
- Italian: finire
- Old Occitan: fenir
- Catalan: finir
- Occitan: finir
- Neapolitan: fernì
- Old Portuguese:
- Galician: fincer
- Galician: fenecer
- Sicilian: finiri
- Spanish: fenecer
- Venetian: finir
- ⇒ Latin: *fīnītō
- Old Portuguese: fĩidar
- Galician: findar
- Portuguese: findar
- Old Portuguese: fĩidar
References
- “finio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “finio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- finio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to starve oneself to death: inediā mori or vitam finire
- to put an end to war: belli finem facere, bellum finire
- to starve oneself to death: inediā mori or vitam finire