familia

See also: Familia, família, and famìlia

Translingual

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Noun

familia

(biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below ordo and above genus.
(taxonomy) A taxon at this rank.

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin familia (“family”). Doublet of family.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fəˈmɪlɪə/
Audio (UK) (file)
Homophone: familiar (some accents)

Noun

familia (plural familiae)

(historical) A household or religious community under one head, regarded as a unit.
- 2007, Ada I. Engebrigtsen, Exploring Gypsiness, page 117:
  Joska's elder brother Phuro was, however, seen as the leader of his familia. As one of the oldest males in the hamlet, with a familia that consisted of sons, bora and sons-in-law, Phuro's position as head of his familia was given by his age and by his authority as father.
(Roman law) The paterfamilias, his legitimate descendants and their wives, all persons adopted into his family and their wives, and all slaves belonging to the household.

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Noun

familia f (plural families)

family

Chamorro

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish familia

Noun

familia

family

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Etymology

From Spanish familia.

Noun

familia

family

Esperanto

Etymology

From familio (“family”) +‎ -a (suffix indicating an adjective).

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

IPA^(key): [famiˈlia]
Rhymes: -ia
Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Adjective

familia (accusative singular familian, plural familiaj, accusative plural familiajn)

familial; family (attributively)

Galician

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [faˈmi.ljɐ]

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

family

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian фамилия (familija).

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈfɑmiliɑ/, [ˈfɑmiˌlʲiɑ]

(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈfɑmiliɑ/, [ˈfɑmiˌliɑ]

Rhymes: -iɑ

Hyphenation: fa‧mi‧li‧a

Noun

familia

surname, last name

Declension

Declension of familia (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	familia	familiat
genitive	familian	familioin
partitive	familiaa	familioja
illative	familiaa	familioi
inessive	familias	familiois
elative	familiast	familioist
allative	familialle	familioille
adessive	familial	familioil
ablative	familialt	familioilt
translative	familiaks	familioiks
essive	familianna, familiaan	familioinna, familioin
exessive¹⁾	familiant	familioint
¹⁾ obsolete ^) the accusative* corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) ^) the comitative** is formed by adding the suffix -ka^? or -kä^? to the genitive.

References

Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 38

Interlingua

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /faˈmi.lja/

Noun

familia (plural familias)

family

Ladin

Noun

familia f (plural families)

family

Latin

FWOTD – 15 May 2018

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fameljā (“of the house → household”). In view of the semantic shift illustrated in the cognates, famulus (“servant, slave”) (with Oscan 𐌚𐌀𐌌𐌄𐌋 (famel, “servile”)) is probably a backformation from it and not the other way around. From Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁-m-eló-m (“fundament”), from *dʰeh₁- (“to do, put, place”). Cognate with Sanskrit धामन् (dhāman, “order; dwelling-place, temple; family”), Ancient Greek θεμέλιος (themélios, “of the foundation”), θέμις (thémis, “justice, law”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /faˈmi.li.a/, [fäˈmɪlʲiä]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /faˈmi.li.a/, [fäˈmiːliä]

Noun

familia f (genitive familiae); first declension

a household (all persons subject to the control of one man (whether relations, freedmen or slaves))
the slaves of a household, servants
a group of slaves stationed in one place; a brigade, gang (used for some purpose)
1. one's personal retinue
a family, kin (a group of people closely related to one another)
Synonym: domus
- Vulgate, Genesis 10.32:
  Hae familiae Nōē iū̆xtā populōs et nātiōnēs suās. Ab hīs dīvīsae sunt gentēs in Terrā post dīluvium.
  These are the families of Noah, according to their peoples and tribes. From them split the nations on Earth after the deluge.
an intellectual school (e.g., of philosophy)
Synonym: domus
(law) an estate (sometimes distinct from pecūnia and possibly restricted to rēs mancipī)

Usage notes

According to Richard Saller, “[f]amilia was never used to mean ‘father, mother and children’ in our sense of ‘family’ today. It did have a technical, legal usage akin to ‘family’, but in common parlance most often meant ‘slave staff’, exclusive of the master's family.... The usual word for ‘family’ in the classical period was domus, which carried the general sense of ‘household’ including domestic slaves.”[1]

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	familia	familiae
Genitive	familiae	familiārum
Dative	familiae	familiīs
Accusative	familiam	familiās
Ablative	familiā	familiīs
Vocative	familia	familiae

The older genitive singular familiās is frequent in the expression pater familiās and the similar expressions with fīlius, māter, and fīlia as the first element.

Holonyms

gēns

Derived terms

familiāris
familiāriter
familiola
pater familias

Related terms

familiārēscō
familiāricus
familiāritās
famula
famulanter
famulātiō
famulātus
famulitium
famulō
famulor
famultās
famulus

Descendants

Eastern Romance
- Aromanian: fumealji, fumealje, fãmealji, fãmealje
- Romanian: femeie, fomeie, fimeie
Gallo-Italic
- Emilian:
- Ligurian: famìggia
- Lombard: fameja
- Piedmontese: famija
- Romagnol: famèja, famì
Rhaeto-Romance
- Friulian: famee
- Romansch: fumegl, famagl, fameglia
Venetian: fameja, famégia, famegia
- → Cimbrian: faméeja
Aragonese: familha
Italo-Dalmatian
- Corsican: famiglia, famidda, famighja
- Dalmatian: famalja
- Istriot: fameîa
- Italian: famiglia
  - → Cimbrian: famildja
  - → Maltese: familja
  - → Mòcheno: familia
  - → Ottoman Turkish: فاملیا‎
    - Turkish: familya
    - → Armenian: ֆամիլյա (familya)
  - → Romansch: famiglia
  - → Sardinian: famíglia
- Sicilian: famigghia

Borrowings

→ Albanian: fëmijë (earlier borrowing from a Vulgar Latin form), familje (later borrowing)
→ Alemannic German: Famiili
→ Asturian: familia
→ Basque: familia
→ Bavarian: Famij, Famülie
→ Dutch: familie
- Afrikaans: familie
- Berbice Creole Dutch: famili
- Negerhollands: familie, famili
- Petjo: fermilie
- → Indonesian: famili
- → Sranan Tongo: famiri
  - → Caribbean Javanese: famiri, pamili, pamiri
  - → Saramaccan: famíí
→ Dutch Low Saxon: femilie
→ English: familia, family
- Jamaican Creole: faambli, fambili
- Tok Pisin: famili
- → Chuukese: famini
- → Malay: famili
- → Maori: whāmere
→ Extremaduran: família
→ Galician: familia
→ German: Familie
- → Danish: familie
- → Latvian: famīlija
- → Lower Sorbian: familija
- → Norwegian Bokmål: familie
- → Russian: фами́лия (famílija)
→ Hungarian: família
→ Kölsch: Famelisch
→ Macedonian: фамилија (familija)
→ Middle French: famille
- French: famille
  - Haitian Creole: fanmi
  - → Luxembourgish: Famill
→ Norman: fanmil'ye, famîle; fomille, famille; family, famille, fomille, famîle; famille; family; fanmil'ye, family
→ Mirandese: família
→ Old Occitan:
- Catalan: família
- Occitan: familha
→ Polish: familia
→ Portuguese: família
→ Romani: familija
→ Romanian: familie
→ Rusyn: фамилія (famylija)
→ Saterland Frisian: Familie
→ Scots: faimlie, faimily
→ Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: фа̀мӣлија
- Latin: fàmīlija
→ Spanish: familia
- → Cebuano: pamilya
- → Chamorro: familia
- → Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: familia
- → Ilocano: pamilia
- → Tagalog: pamilya
- → Waray-Waray: pamilya
→ Swahili: familia
→ Swedish: familj
→ Walloon: famile
→ West Frisian: famylje

References

“familia” on page 740 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “famulus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 200

Saller, Richard, Slavery and the Roman Family, in Finley, Moses I., ed., Classical Slavery (London: Frank Cass, cloth 1987 & 2000 (same ed.), reprinted 1999 →ISBN, p. 84

Leonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

family

References

AEDLL

Mòcheno

Etymology

From Italian famiglia, from Latin familia (“family; household”).

Noun

familia f

family

References

“familia” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin familia.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /faˈmi.lja/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ilja
Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

familia f (diminutive familijka)

(dated) family
Synonym: rodzina

Declension

Declension of familia

	singular	plural
nominative	familia	familie
genitive	familii	familii/familij (archaic)
dative	familii	familiom
accusative	familię	familie
instrumental	familią	familiami
locative	familii	familiach
vocative	familio	familie

Derived terms

adjective

familijny

Related terms

adjective

familiarny

adverbs

familiarnie
familijnie

nouns

familiant
familiantka
familiarność
familijność

Portuguese

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

Obsolete spelling of família

Romanian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [faˈmi.li.a]

Noun

familia f

definite singular nominative/accusative of familie

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /faˈmilja/ [faˈmi.lja]
Audio (Colombia) (file)
Rhymes: -ilja
Syllabification: fa‧mi‧lia

Noun

familia f (plural familias)

family (a nuclear family)
family (a grouping of things possessing common characteristics)

Hyponyms

familia política

Derived terms

cabeza de familia
de buena familia
derecho de familia
en familia
familia política
libro de familia
médico de familia
miembro de la familia
padre de familia
venir de familia

Related terms

familiar
familiarizar

Descendants

→ Cebuano: pamilya
→ Chamorro: familia
→ Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: familia
→ Ilocano: pamilia
→ Tagalog: pamilya
→ Waray-Waray: pamilya

Swahili

Etymology

From Latin familia.

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya) (file)

Noun

familia (n class, plural familia)

family
Synonym: ayali
(taxonomy) family

[1] Saller, Richard, Slavery and the Roman Family, in Finley, Moses I., ed., Classical Slavery (London: Frank Cass, cloth 1987 & 2000 (same ed.), reprinted 1999 →ISBN, p. 84

familia

Translingual

Etymology

Noun

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Asturian

Etymology

Noun

Chamorro

Etymology

Noun

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Etymology

Noun

Esperanto

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Galician

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Interlingua

Pronunciation

Noun

Ladin

Noun

Latin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Declension

Holonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

Further reading

Leonese

Etymology

Noun

References

Mòcheno

Etymology

Noun

References

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Portuguese

Noun

Romanian

Pronunciation

Noun

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Hyponyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Further reading

Swahili